HBSE Class 11 Sample Paper 2024 Political Science

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2024
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ANSWER KEY

Board of School Education Haryana
Political Science
Code : 573
Class 12th
Model Test Paper 2023-24
Time - 3 hours Total Marks: 80
Gener*l Instructions:
a) A11 questions are compulsory.
b) Question numbers 1 to 20 are objective type questions of I mark each.
c) Question numbers 2l to 28 carry are of2 marks each with intemal choice
d) Question numbers 29 to 36 axe of3 marks each with intemal choice.
Answer ofthese question should not exceed 70 words.
e) Question numbers 37 to 40 are of5 marks each with intemal choice.
Answer ofthese questions should not exceed 120 words.
Section (A)
(Marks 20)
Choose the correct answer to the multiple choice questions.
I When was the Privl.Purse aboiished? I
(a) l97s
(b) (b) 1e73
(c) 1e71
(d) re6s
2 India relused to sign the treat-y C.T.B.T. because it - I
(a) Disclirninatorl,
(b) China supponed
(c) Pakistan suppofied
(d) none ol these
3 When did the Soviet Union disintegrate? I

(a) 1990
(b) 1ee 1
(c) 200s
(d) 2021

1

4 What was the reason 1br the attack on the World Trade Center? I
(a) Terrorisn
(b) Cold \Var
(c) Nuclear Treatl
(d) None ofthese
5 Who is the present Prime Minister of India? I
(a) Donald Trump
(b) Vladimir Putin
(c) Narendra Modi
(d) Boris Johson
6 Which aticle of Jamn.ru and Kashmir has been abolishcd? 1

(a) 3 6s
(b) 352
(c) 370
(d) 360
7 Whal is the basis olpolicy of NITI Aa1,og? I
(a) Make in lndia
(b) Made in India
(c) Ayushnran Bharat
(d) Chitayu Schen.re.
8 Who is the current Secrctar') General ofthe United Nations'l I
(a) Joe Bidcn
(b) Shri Narendra Modi
(c) Antonio Guterres
(d) none ofthese
Match the foll owrng.
9 India-Pakistan Kargil War --*------2023 1

10 Abolition ofmonarchy in Nepal *---- 1999 1

l1 I 8th G-20 Summit. 200E 1

Fill in the blanks.
12 The curencl' o1'the Europcan Union is ------------Euro/Yuan 1

13 China/llS ----------- adopted the policv of open door 1

14 The lirst Ilealth Nlinister olhdia rvas -----------Princess Amrit l
KaLrr/Pratibha Patil.
l5 When did thc unilication of Germany happen? 1

t6 In India on what basis the new states were reorganized? I
17 When was the first Lok Sabha General Election held? I

2

The question given below is based on agency (I) and reason (T).
Use the following key to select the correct answer.
(a) Both (I) and (T) are corect. (T) is the corect explaaation of(l)
(b) Both (I) ard (T) are corect but (T) is not the corect
explaration of(l)
(c) (I) is correct but (T) is wrong.
(d) (I) is wrong but (T) is corect.
18 Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated by a Sri Lankan Tamil who had I
lints with the LTTE.
(k) He had come to Kerala for carnpaigning.
19 India and China have been exempted from the Kyoto Protocol 1

(i) The contribution ofChina and India in greenhouse gas
emissions is only norninal.
20 (i) Globalization is not a multidimensional concept. 1

(i) Technological development promotes globalization
Section (B)
(Marks 16)
Very Short Answer Type Questions
21 What is the meaning ofunipolar and bipolar world? 1+1:2
Or
When was the Berlin Wall built and when was it demolished? l+l:2
22 Write trvo criticisms of the Non-Aligned Movement ol India. 1+1:2
Or
What treaties did the capitalist and the comrrunist mal<c during l+l:2
the Cold War?
23 Where is the World Trade Center located in America and when 1+1:2
did the terrorist attack take place?
21 When did the Europear Union take place and when did it get the 1+1:2
Nobel Peace Prize?
25 What is the main objective of SAARC? 2
26 Comment on 'Aaya Ram Gaya Ram'. 2
27 When was emergency imposed for the first time and for how 1+1:2
long it remained in force?
28 Write any two demerits of multi parl) slstenl. l+ l:2
Or
Write the namcs of tuo nrajor alliances oflndian politics. 1+1:2

3

Section (C)
(Marks 24) I

Short Answer Tvpe Questions -
29 What were the effects of Soviet disintegration on developing 1+1-F1:l
countries like India?
Or
What were the reasons for the disintegration ofthe Soviet Union? 1+1+1:3
30 What were the main points of ASEAN Vision 2020? 1+ 1+ l:3
31 What is balance ofpower? How does a country maintain it? 1+2:l
What is meant by the common heritage of the'native' world?
How is it exploited and polluted?
33 l ake a contemporar-v map of India shou ing the state boundalics 1+1+1:3
ancl []art tbe lbllovuing princell statcs ir it
1. Junagarh 2. Manipur 3. Gu'alior

Or
What are the mair problems of nationalisrr? 1+l+l:3
34 Mention any tfuee results of Green Revolution l+l+1:3
35 State three consequences ofthe Emergency declared in 1975 l+l+1:3
36 Horv did coalition politics affect tndian politics? I +1+ l:3
Or
What is meant by coalition government? Describe its leatures l+2:3

Section (D)
(Total Marks 20)
Essay Type question -
37 Write the names of the six main organs of the United 3+2:5
Nations Orgadzation and mention the fi.rnctions of ary two

Or
Look at the picture given belorv and ansu,er the questions 2+1+2:5
thal lbllow.

I

L It is the logo ol'uhich international organizalion? When
did this organization comc into eristence?
2. \Vhen did Indiajoin it?
3. Which parl of it is most influential and hou' manl
members are there in it.
38 Do you agree with the axgument that globalization is 2+1t/,+ 1/,:5
increasing cultural diversity?
Or
What is the contribution oftechnology in globalization?
1+1+1+1+1:5
39 Analyze India's changing relations with America a1ler the 2+3:5
Cold War.
Or
Brief11, explain lndia's nuclear policy by defining non-
5
alignment.

5

l

L

I

40 Even after seven decades the issue oflndian unity is still not l+1+ir 1+1:5
resolved? Give suggestions to solve these issues.
i

Or

Read the passage and answer the questions below :

One of Hazarika's Song.... dwells on the unity theme, the 1+1+3:5
seven states ofnorth-eastem lndia become seven sisters
I
bom of the same mother...... "Meghalaya went own way.. ..
Amuachal too Separated and Mizoram appeared in Assam's
gateways as a groom to mary another daughter. . . . . . . . . The
song ends with a determination to keep the unity ofthe
Assemese with other smaller nationalities that are left in the
present day Assam - "the Karbis ar.rd the Mising brothers
and sisters are our dear ones.'

(a) Which unity is the poet taking about ?
(b) Why were some States ofNoth - East created sepaxately
out of the erstwhile State of Assam?
(c) Do you think that the same theme ofunity could apply to l

all the regions oflndia? Why?

6

Haryana School Education Board Bhiwani
Political Science
Code : 573
Class XII
Ar.swer Key
Part (A)
Note: There may be other solutions (answers) to the question in addition to the
given solution. Please use your discretion.
* Objective Type Questions :
1. (c) 1971 1

2. (a) Discriminator 1

3. (b) leer I
4. (a) Terrorism 1

5. (c) Shri Narendra Modi 1

6. (c) 370 1

7. (a) Make in India I
8. (c) Antonio Guteras I
9. Indo-Pak Kargil War ----------------------1999 I
l0. Abolition ofmonarchy in Nepal ----:--2008 I
I 1. 18th G20 Summit - ------ 2023 I
12. Euro I
13. China I
14. Princess Amrit Kaur I
15. 03 October 1990 1

16. On the basis of language 1

t7. 1952 1

18. (c) A is true but R is false. 1

19. (a) Both A and R are correct. R is the correct explanation ofA. 1

20. (d) A is wrong but R is correct. 1

Part (B)
Very Short Answer Type Questions
21. Unipolar world means dominance olonly one great power in the world. For
example, in the present day America- Bipolar world i.e. dominance of two
powerful ideologies in the whole world - for example Soviet Russia and
America before the disintegration of Soviet Russia. l+1:2

Or
The Berlin Wall was built on 13 August 1961 and demolished on 9
November 1989. 1+l=2
22. l) Avoidar.rce of taking a confirmed stand l+l:2
2) Lack ofconsistency in behavior
Or
Capitalist NATO, SEATO l+l:2
Communist - WARSAW PACT
23. The terorist attack on the World Trade Center is located in New York on
September 1 1 , 2001 . This is famous as the 9/l 1 iacident. l+1=2
24. European Union was established on 1 November 1993 in Maastricht
Netherlands. It was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2012 for its peace
efforts in a war-tom continent. l+l-2
25. The main objective of SAARC is to bring qualitative improvement in the
Iives ofthe people living in South Asia and to accelerate the development of
social, economic, cultural, scientific, fields. 2
26. Popularly known as Aaya Ram Gaya Ram, inspired by the politics of
defection from the Haryana incident ol 1967. It has an important
contribution in the formation altd break ofmany governrnents. 2
27. National Emergency was imposed on 26 June 1971 and remained in force
for 21 months till 21 March 1977. Or l.India avoids taking definite stand on
intemational matters. 2. Lack ofconsistency in India's behavior 1+1:2
28. 1. This leads to instability in the administration. 1+1:2
2. Selfish policies prevail.
Or
1. National Democratic Alliance (NDA) 1+l--r.
2. United Progressive Alliance (tlPA)
Paxt (C)
Short Answer Type Questions :
29. 1. After the disintegration ofthe Soviet Union, America remained the
only superpower in world politics, that is why India and other
developing countries tried to make good political relations with
America. l+1+1:3
3. US umecessary interuention increased in Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq Big
dependence on America for rnoney and military goods
4. American dominarce increased on institutions like Intemational
Monetary Fund, World Bank (Ary three)

Or
1 Defective or weak leadership ofthe Soviet Union 1+l+l:3
2 Emergence ofNational Aspirations ofthe Soviet Republic
The weakening economy ofthe Soviet Union
1 Policies of Mikhail Gorbachev
5 Amament (Any three)

30. I . Playing an important role in intemational politics
1+l+1:3
2. Giving importance to ASEAN Securiqr Community, ASEAN
Economic Community, ASEAN Social and Cultural Communib/ Adopting a
policy olcooperation instead of confrontation
31. Balance of Power refers to the condition which in contemporary world
politics does not allow any countf to become so powerful that it poses a
threat to others. Developing countuies maintain the balance of power by
increasing military capacity at par with developed countries. 1+2:3
32. The natives ofa country are called those people who have been living there
for a very long time, who want to maintaifl their language, culture, dialect
and traditions. The common heritage of the world is called that on which a
paxticular person It is not a right, but it is the right of the whole society or
community and they use it equally like pasture, playground, well. 1+2:3
33.
Junagarh, Manipur, Gwalior l+l+l:3

Or
1 . Regionalism l+1+ l:3
2. Linguistics
3. Casteism
4. Administrative problem

j,1. l. Tncrease in production of r'r'heat and rice 1+ 1 r 1:l
2. Growth in thc country's CDP
3. Promotion olindustrial development
4. Qualitative change in employment and rural lite
5. Solution to lood crisis
6. Promotiol olexports
lechnology
7. Adoption ol'new (Any Three)
35 1. PressRestrictionr t*t*t:3
2. Suspension ol Fundamental Ri ghts
3. Ban on display ofpolitical paties
4. Ban on sttike
5. tlniting ol Opposing Panies
Part.v
6. Cleation ol'.Ianata (r\ny Three)
36. politics
l.ll'ect ofcoalition politics on Indian 1+l+l:3
1 .Political instabilitl
2. Encouragemcnt to defection
3. Decline oflndian political culture
4. Fultillment of pel sonal interests
5. Conduct contrary to parliamentarl principles (Any Thr-ee)
Or
When tl,o or more political pafties togethel tbrm a govemlnent, it is called a
coalition govcmmcnt. l+2:3
L Ha\ ing two or rnore paties
2. Leadership b1, a large party
3. Having a common program
4. I{aving a large cabinet (Any Three)

Pafi (D)
Essay Type Question :
37 .Main organs o I'the flnited Nations - 3+2:5
1) General Assembll
2) Security Ciouncil
3) Tntcmational .lustice Secretariat
,1)Economic and Social Council
5) Tmsteeship Ciour.rcil

The tbllowing are the functions of the General Assembly.
1. It elects members ofother structures and agencies ofthe United
Nations.
2. Takes major decisions related to the member states.
i. Discusses on intemational topics.
The following are the functions of the Security Cor.rncil.
l. To increase oppofiunities for social and economic development all
over the world.
2. Stoppingintemationalconflicts.
3. Stopping the expansion ofenmity in different states and promoting
cooperation.
Or
1. This people belongs to the United Nations which was formally
established on 24 October 1945.
2. India joined it on 30 October 1945. The Security Council is called the
most influential organ of the United Nations. It has a total of 15
memberc, out of which 5 are pemanent and 10 are elected by the
United Nations General Assembly for 2 years. 2+1+2:5

38 Globalization is a multidimensional process which has an impoftant role in
increasing cultural diversity. The cultural consequences of globalization are
as follows. a) Cultural homogeneity is ar.r impofiant aspect ol globalization
whereas this process produces the opposite effect. Cultural globalizalion
leads to making the cultue more different and distinctive. b) The
culturalization ofglobalization has created a daager of extinction ofcultures.
Because globalization is taking human culture towards a uniform culture.
Due Lo which there is a danger of shrinking of the sweet cultural heritage of
the whole world. c) Globalization has modified the traditional form of
culture without affecting it. For example, the blue jeans which have
maximum use in India due to globalization can go well with Indian khadi
kurta. Therefore, cultural diversity can be said to be a gift ofglobalization.
2+l%+l%=5

Or
I Advances in technology have caused events in one parl of the world to
affect other parts, such as the Russia-IJkraine war.
2 The development in technology has enabled a person to understar.td the
political, social, economic, cultural events ofthe world.
3 The revolution in communication and information technology has increased
the closeness and interdependence olstates.
4 Although many reasons are responsible for the growth of globalization, but
technological development has played ar importart role in it.
5 Modem techrology has made it possible to tansfer goods, ideas, capital
and human beings 1}om one country to another. 1+1+1+l+l:5

39 After the disintegration of Soviet Russia at the end of the Cold War, India l,as
become an attractive economic paltner of America due to the liberalization of its
economy and impressive economic growth rate to get out of the unfriendly
environment oflndia on the globe. There are two main things in India-US relations
- techaology alrd Indiar non-residents settled in America. ln the field of softwarc,
65 percent of America imports from India,35 percent ofthe technical staff in Boeg
are Indians. ln high technology, 15 percent ofthe companies have been stafied by
Indians. Scholars say that while increasing its national power in terms of military
power, India can become more powerful by taking advantage of this historical
to form an alliance of developing countries so that US relations are so
complex that they do not clearly depend on any one strategy. A proper
combination ofseveral strategies oflndian foreign policy will have to be prepared.
2+3:5

Or
In order to realize the drean.i ol planned deveioprnent ard peacelll rvor'1d,
independent India gar,e irrpoltance to the polic.v ol non-alignmcnt to protect itsell'
and other developing countries from the fir'e of cold u,ar, that is. .lndia relused to
.join an1'laction.
\lade the principles ofPanchsheel the basis of its lbreign policl, in r.ihich
special enrphasis was laid on respect lor territorial sovereignty and integrit),. But
lhen China. the prin.raq, countr)' prolnoting tl.ie de\.elopment of the po1ic1.
attacked India and America, China supported directly and irrdirectlf in the attacks
done bl,Pakistan. then lndia had to do something in its foleign policy to strengthen
the militarl position. By n]aking concrete charges, he ref'used to sign the treat), and
in 1998, by conducting nuclear tests, included himself in the countries with nuclear
capabiiity, which was called condenrnable at the international level. Keeping its

side, India said that India will not use nuclear weapons first and is committed to
nuclear disarmament. 2+3:5

-10 The rising voices ofseparatism and the tense political period after 1980 have tested
the potential of Indian democratic politics. In view of which some measures have
been suggested which are as follows:- 1+1+1+1+l:5
1 lnstead ol responding to regional aspirations, it is better to discuss problems in a
practical manner and not suppress them.
) To reduce the regional tension, the idea of separatism should be abandoned and the
feeling ofnational unify should be kept paxamount.
3 By adopting a practical approach, the solution of the problem of extremism in
states like Punjab, Assam by the Indian govemment can act as a guide for the
future as well.
4 India fully agrees with the mantra of diversity, hence the expression of regional
aspirations has to be allowed. He does not consider them anti-national but tries to '
understand.
5 Indian constitution makers have foresight who were aware of these diversities
hence adopted federal system.
6 Economic Development By not promoting regional balance, this problem can be
overcome by developing backward states on priority basis and connecting
everyone to the mainstream ofdevelopment.
l
0r
1 The author is taiking about regional and national integration.
2 So that all the states can move towards development in a peaceful mamer.
On the basis of regional challenges faced by India, we can say that India's
constitutional fiamework can practically prevent it from going on the path of
separatism. In Indian politics, it is accepted that regionalism is an integral parl of
democratic politics. l+1+3:5

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Board of School Education HarYana
Political Science
Code - 28
Class 1lth
Model Test Paper 2023-24
Time - 3 hours Total Marks: 80

General Instructions:
a) All questions are compulsory.
b) Question numbers 1 to 20 are objective type questions of I mark each'
c) Question numbers 21 to 28 carry are of2 marks each with intemal choice
d) Question numbers 29 1o 36 are of 3 marks each with intemal choice'
Answer ofthese question should not exceed 70 words.
e) Question numbers 37 to 40 are of 5 marks each with intemal choice'
Answer of these questions should not exceed 120 words.
Section (A)
(Marks 20 Marks)
Objective TYPe Questions :

1 How mary afiicles were there in the original constitution of 1

India?
a) 390
b) 3es
c) 405
d 450
2. How many fundamental rights are currently available to Indian I
citizer.rs?
a) 6
b) 7
c) 8
d 9
3 Who gives recognition to political pafiies? I

a) President
b) Chief Justice
c) Supreme Coufi
d Election Comn.[ssion l

1

4 For how many years the President oflndia is elected? I
a)4
b)5
c)3
d rone ofthesc

5 Hol nuch tir.ue is given to Raila Sabha Lo pass a tnoney bill? 1

a) 7 da,vs
b) 1.1 days
c) 30 days
d) 60 da)'s

6 An independent and impartial Supreme Court is necessary in 1

India because?
a) India is a democracy.
b) India has a federal system ofgovemment.
c) India has a parliamentary fotm of govemment.
d) In India, the President is required to deal with complex legal
matters and consult them.
1 \Vl]at are the grounds for obtaining citizenship in India? I

a) on the basis oflocation
b) on the basis ofbirth
c) on the basis ofregistration
d all ofthe above
8 Hou, man)' levels of Panchal ati Raj have bcen established in 1

India?
a) two-tier
b) three-tier
c) single tier
d none ofthese
Match lhc foliowing.
Constitution a sacred document Lokmanya f ilak I

10 Swaraj is my birttright Aristotle 1

11 Father of Politics-:---- R.R- Ambedkar I

Fill in the blanks.
l2 The absence of extemal restrictions on the indi vidual is called 1

b /e
13 The principle of one n.ran one vote is related to I

economl liiical uali

2

t,+ Equal pay for equal work is . 1

reli s/economic us1lce
Alswer in One Word or One Sentence.
15 Who is the su ofier ofnatural ri ts? I
16 How s ofcitizenshi are there? I

17 In which year did the urification of Germany take place? 1

State true/false
t8 Is neces for humani l rueffalse 1

19 Medha Patekar is associated with 'Namada Movement 1

rue/False
20 Dual citizenshi is found in L.rdia alse I
Section (B)
(Marks 2x8=16)
Short Answer estion
21 State two functiorrs ofpoliticai theorl'l 1+1:2
Or'
Wtite two main subjects of political theory'l 1+l:2
22 Write the meaning of balance of power? 2
Or
Write two means of establishing peace 1+1:2
23 Wdte two qualities of nationalism 1+):2
Or
Mention ary two hindrances in the development of nationalism' l+1:2
24 What is meant by equality before law? 2

25 Explain two importance of constitution? l+l:2
26 Mention two qualifications for contesting the L egislative 1+1=2
Assen.rbl elections.
27 Write the number of members of Lok Sabba and Rajya Sabha. L+l=2
In u'hich article the ptocess of amendment in the constitution is 1+1:2
given and in rvhich house it is run.
Section (C)
(Marks 3x8=24)
Short Answer estions -
29 Desclibc the thrce guardians ol libertv? 1+ 1+ 1:3
Or-
Write three lbrrr.rs of libertl

3

30 Give details of some ofthe provisions ofthe Indian Constitution 1+l+1:3
which aim at the creation of social iustice.
Or
What do you understand b-v socialjustice? 3

31 Erzen in a fully democralic courtry like India, citizen ship is not I +i+ 1:3
an absolute truh but a project. Discuss the issues related to
citizenship that are treing raised in lndia today.
Or
Wtat is the diflerence between a cilizen and a foreigner? tt/,+t t/2:3
32 What is theoretical distance? Explarn wt t1] examples 2+1:3
i3 Show any three states that were fomed after the year 2000 in 1+1+1:3
the map given below

!

34 Under what circumstances does the President exerc ise his 1+2:3
discretion in the a ointment of the Prime Minister?
35 What are the provisions in the constitution to maintain the l+ I +1:3
independence of the judiciarl?
36 On *hat grounds are the criticisms ol the Indian Constitution 1+l r I:3
made?
Section (D)
otal Maiki 5x4=20
37 Desclibe political. cconomic, cuJtulal rights. 2+2+1:5
Or
The right imposes sorne limits on Lhc authorit) ofthe state' 3+2:5
with exam les

38 Describe the main differences between the Local Govemments 2b+21/2:5
before and after the 73rd amendment.
Or 5
What is the impofiance of local bodies in India?

39 Explain the merits and demerits of Adult Sufliage.
Or
Give arguments in favor afld against women's sufliage
40 What measures can be adopted to maintain sustainable 5
development?
Or l+2+2:5
Read the passage given below carefully and answer the
questions that follow.
The idea ofdevelopment refers to the desire for a better life. It is
a very powerful desire and the hope of improvement is the
driving force of human action. We have seen the widely
accepted version of what constitutes improvement.
have come under critical scrutiny. A multidimensional search is
underway lor more equitable, sustainable and democratic
models of development. In the process many concepts of
political theory such as equality, democracy and rights have
been reinterpreted. The issues that have arisen while pursuing
the goal of development show that the choices we make have an
impact on other humans and other species in the world, so we
must see ourselves as part of the larger universe because our
destinies are intefiwined. are connected in

Moreover my actions not only affect others but also my own
future prospects so we need to choose carefully keeping in mind
not only our present needs but also our long term interests. Is
Question: 1. What is the idea ofdevelopment ?
2. What is the main concept ofpolitical theory ?
3. What are the things to be kept in mind while making a
selection regarding development ?

5

Haryana School Education Board Bhirvani
Class I l 'r'
POLITICAL SCIENCE
Code - 28
Ansrver Key
Note: There ma)'be othel solutions (ansuers) to the question in addition to thc
given solr-rtion. PIease use your discretion.
Part (A)
* Objective Type Questions :
r. B) 395 I
2. A)6 I
3. D) [lection Commission ]
1. B)5 1

5. B) 14 Days I
6. B) India has a federal govemment system. 1

7. D) All olthe above I
8. B) Three-Tier I
9. B.R. Ambedkar I

10. Lokmanya Tilak I

1 1. Ar.istorle I

12. Freedom I
13. Political cqua1it1. 1

14. l-lcononric JLrstice l
15. oirn Locke
J I

16. Tlo I
17. 1990 1

18. Tlue 1

i9. Tme 1

20. False I
Part (B)
Yery Short Answer Type Questions
21. Political thcorv acts as a source olinspiration lbr the society. 1+1:2
Political theory iists various concepts.
Or
Freedom
Social Justice, Equalit.v
22. Balance olpower mcans that no counlry should be allou.ed to become so
strong that it becolnes a threat to the securit-v ofothers. 2

Or' 1+1=l
By making larvs.
Protecting fiom extemai aggression.
23. Common interest
Bonding ofpeople 1r 1:2
0r
Communal St,ife l+1:2
Lack of l,rnity
24 L-lqLralil)r before the law means that all are equal belbre the lau', no one has
]r\ \nec;.rl ri€ll ls. l
25. Autocracy puts restrictions on porver. 2
The constitution establishes the rule of 1a\\,.
26 It is rnandatoly to be a citizen oflndia. 1r 1:2
It is mandator) to be at least 25 1'ears olage.
21 550 l+1:2
250
2E Article 368 1+1:l
Can be run in any house.
Pan (C )
29 Democratic s),stem (Any Three) l+l:1:l
Economic equalit-v
Decentralization olpowers
Conscious public opinion
Independcnce of judiciary
Opposition and independent coult
Cir'ic consciousness
Sy sterl ol constitutional remeclies
Or'
Political lieedom 1+1r 1:3
Civil lieedom
Ecoromic fieedont

30 Iiundanrental Rights 1+ 1+1:3
Untouchabilil plevention
Directive plinciples of state polic)
Pror' ision o1'rcscrr atio[

Ot'
Importarce ot'each persor in the societl, 1+1+ l:3
\on-di.crimirrrtiori on cJslc- rel tiun. sc\..Jste
abolition tl1'slaver)
gender ecluality
31. (irol.ing population and lack o1'resources l+l+l -l
Guarantee ofbasic rights and rninimun, standard olliving
lmproving the condition of the urban poor
Providing sanitation and water sLrppll'facilities to slun dwellers.
Or
Citizen: aIs permanent resident ofthe country. l'/.+l'/.:3
Political and econon.ric rights are received.
Can buy and sell movable and irmor'able plopet1,.
Foreigner Foreigner is not a pemranent resident ofthe cotmtry.
Foreigners do not gct political and economic rights.
Foreigner cannot buy and sell tnovable and imnrovable propcfiy.
32 Thcorctical Dislance - llnder this, the state should not aclivel]- intelle|e in
anl religion. Iior example, L.rdia believes in maintair.ring a principlecl
distance frorr religious matters. He can be separatcd liom religion and can
also join it ilneeded. The Constitudon oflndia has banned untouchabilit]
onll when necessar). The lndian state has made several laws to abolish
child n.rarriage and to end the prohibition inrposed bl Hinduism on intcl
caste rna['iage. Thus maintaining a principled clistance in the conlext ol'
lndian secularism means interf'ering in religious mattcrs u,hcn nccdcd.
2+1:3
33 Uttrakhand,Chattisgarh,Jharkhand,Telangana l+1+l::l

34. The President can exercise his discretion in the appointment ofthe Prrme
Minister in the following circr.unstances
Ifno party has a clear majority in the Lok Sabha
sudden demise of the Prime Minister or resignation of the Prime Minister
The President can dissolve the Lok Sabha and appoint anyone as the
Care taker Prime Minister for some time. 1+2:3
:15 Parliament and Legislative Assembly have no role in the appointment of
judges. 1+l+l:3
Cetain qualifications are prescribed in the constitution for the appointment
ofj udges.
The j udiciary is not dependent on the executive orthe parliament for its
salaries, allowances and other financial facilities. A debate on a bill
relating to their expenditure is not a vote.
The tenure ofthe judges is long and fixed, although in some circumstances
they car be removed, but the process of impeachment is very long and
difficult.
36 l. Not suited to present Indian conditions. 1+l+1:3
2. It lacks originality.
3 . It was not created on the basis of maj ority/public opinion
Patt (D)
37 Right to contest elections in political rights. 2+2+l:5
Economic rights are those rights which ensure entitlement to the basic
needs of food, shelter etc.
Economic rights are helpful in the fulfillment of political rights. Right to
minimum wages is an economic right.

Cultulal rights are given to t1.re citLzens to mainlain thcir culture. Its
essence antl iLs dignity.
Political rights arid economic rights help in ensuring cultural rights 1br the
citizens. The right to establish an irstitution tbr the protection of one's
language is a culruu al right.
Or
Rights imposc ccrlain limits o1.] the authority of the state as they make the
statc responsible lor its actions. 3+2:5
Rights impose an obligation on the state to act jD a certain u,a)r
For example, the statc must ensure that its policies provide basic needs to
ail its individuais.
Rights state what the state should refrain liom doing.
'I'he state cannot make such larvs which violate the findamental lights of
the citizens and go against the constitLrtion.

Freedom ofexpression is a basic right ofan individual so the state cannot
stop anyone from expressing himself.
The State cannot arrest any person unnecessarily as it would mean
infringing his/her right to liberty.
18. After the enactment ofthe 73rd amendment, local government has been
divided into a similar three-tier Panchayati Raj shucture. 2%+2Y2:5
Earlier it was the responsibility ofthe state administration to conduct
elections to the Panchayati Raj Institutions, but now the state goverrlnent
appoints the State Election Commission for the purpose.
Fresh elections have to be held within six months after the dissolution of
Panchayati Raj before the period of five years.
The distribution of revenue between state govemment and local
govemment and between rural and urban government is done by the State
Finance Commission. This was not the case before the 73rd amendment
came into florce.
Reseruation is implemented for women, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled
Tribes and Other Backward Classes (ifthe State Govemment considers it
necessary for OBCs) in various posts in local government in propofiion to
their population.
Twenty nine subjects which were earlier in the State list ofsubjects in the
Eleventh Schedule ofthe Constitution have been tmnsfered to the
Parchayati Raj lnstitutions.

OR
The local selfbodies are related with the daily life ofthe people to perform
functions related to eduction, sanitation, public health etc. 5
The local bodies provide the right solution of the local problems due to
palticipation of local peoples, where the central and state govemment are
unable to pick up the exact nature of problem.
The loca.l bodies lessen the work-load ofSanitation, public health etc.
The losal bodies lessen the work-load of the central and state govemment
because they could not spaxe time to look into the local matters, Hence,
local bodies can solve these problems easily.
The local bodies develop the equalities of citizens to awaken the political
consciousness and the experienee the sense of libefty and equality which is
essential for the success ofdemocracy.
It creates decentralization of powers, where people directly participated in
the daily need, jobs and feed satisfied.

The local bodies provide the right solution of the local problems due to
participation of local peoples, where the central and state govemments are
unable to pick up the exact nature ofproblem.
The local bodies lessen the work-load of the central ard state government
because they could not spare time to look into the local matters. Hence,
local bodies can solve these problem easily.
The local bodies develop the equlities ol citizens to awaken the political
consciousness and to experience the sense of liberty and equality which is
essential lor the success ofdemocracy.
It creates decentralization of powers, where people directly participate in te
daily need, jobs and feed satisfied.
39. Qualities - protection of interests ofall, equal oppotunities for development,
political education, protection ofrights and dignity ofall, interest in
govemance, basis of democracy, representation of minorities,
Dosh - Possible misuse offranchise, election ofineligible persons, purchase-
ofvotes,cormptioninelections,consenatism. 2t/2+2y2:5
Or
Give arguments in favor and against women's suffrage. 2%+2'/,:5
Arguments in favor - Gender discrimination in relation to franchise is unfair.
No eff'ect on family life.
Healthy influence on politics
It is irrational to consider women as weak
Fully capable for administration
Perfect lor today's era
Arguments against - Bad effect on lamily lile
Mere repetition of opinion
Indifference to politics
Lack ofselfconfidence
Passionate nature

10 Maintaining ecosystems and related ecological processes for the functioning

Maintairing biological divelsitl bl- promoting conservation and ensuring thc
sur-r,ival of specics of flora and t'auna in their natural habitats
Adherence to the prlnciple of optimum sustainable ) ield in the expioiLction
of lir ing natural resoutces and ecosl'stems.
To prer'ent signifi cant environtnental damage.
To make public all reievant inlbmation u'ithoul delal in cases ol'hamrlul
radioactive releases or pollutaltts etc.
To estahlish environmental protection standards.

Prior assessment is needed to ensure that key legislation, policies, projects
ar.rd technological contributions are in place to drive sustainable
development.
Or
It refers to the desire for a better life alrd the hope of improvement as a
driving force in human action.
Equality, democratic rights and participation in political affairs by the people
One's actions not only affect others but also affect future prospects.
Keeping in mind the present needs as well as long term interests.
1+2+2:5

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