Class 11 Question Paper 2025 Geography

ANNUAL EXAMINATION

Question Paper
2025
NCERT BASED SYLLABUS

FOR CBSE AND STATE BOARD
FOLLOWING NCERT

KVS QUESTION PAPERS

SESSION ENDING EXAMINATION 2024-25
CLASS: XI ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ SUBJECT: GEOGRAPHY
TIME: 3 HOURS​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ M. MARKS: 70
General Instructions:
Read the following instructions carefully and follow them:
i)​ This question paper contains 30 questions. All questions are compulsory.
ii)​ This question paper is divided into five sections. Sections-A, B, C, D and E.
iii)​ Section A - Question number 1 to 17 are Multiple Choice type questions carrying 1 mark each.
iv)​ Section B- Question number 18 and 19 are Source based questions carrying 3 marks
each.
v)​ Section C- Question number 20 to 23 are Short Answer type questions carrying 3
marks each. Answer to these questions shall be written in 80 to 100 words.
vi)​ Section D Question number 24 to 28 are Long Answer type questions carrying 5 marks
each. Answer to these questions shall be written in 120 to 150 words.
vii)​ Section E Question number 29 and 30 are Map based questions for identification and
labelling.
viii)​Outline map of the word and India must be attached with your answer sheet.
QS Section-A (17x1 = 17 marks) MK

1 Which one of the following latitudinal extent is relevant for the extent of India’s area? 1
(A)​8°41'N - 35°7'N
(B)​8°4'N - 37°6'N
(C)​8°4'N - 35°6'N
(D)​6°45'N - 37°6'N

2 Consider the following geological processes: 1
1. Volcanism 2. Erosion 3. Weathering 4. Diastrophism
5. Earthquake
Which of the above statements is not implied for endogenic process?
(A)​ Only 1, 2 and 4
(B)​ Only 2, 3 and 4
(C)​ Only 2 and 3
(D)​ Only 2, 3, 4 and 5

3 Two statements are given 1 and 2 which one of the following is correct? 1
Statement-1 The earth’s atmosphere is indirectly heated by its radiation.
Statement-2 Carbon-di-Oxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are good absorbers
of long wave radiation.
(A)​Both Statement-1 and 2 are correct and statement -2 explains statement-1.
(B)​Both Statement-1 and 2 are correct, but Statement-2 does not explain statements-1.
(C)​Statements -1 is correct, but Statements – 2 is incorrect.
(D)​Statements-1 is incorrect, but statement-2 is correct.

4 Here the two statements are marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark your answer as per 1
the code given below.
Assertion (A) After condensation the water vapour or the moisture in the atmosphere takes one
of the following forms — dew, frost, fog and clouds.
Reason (R). Condensation is caused by the loss of heat.
Option:
(A)​(A) and (R) both are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(B)​Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(C)​Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
(D)​(A) is correct but (R) is wrong.

5 The boundary from where there is a rapid decrease of temperature with the increasing depth in 1
the ocean , called-

(A)​Pycnocline
(B)​(B)Thermocline
(C)​Halocline
(D)​Isocline

6 Which one of the following is not related to the formation or modification of the 1
present atmosphere?
(A) Solar winds
(B) Differentiation
(C) Degassing
(D) Photosynthesis

7 Which one of the following countries shares the longest land frontier with India? 1
(A) Bangladesh
(B) Pakistan
(C) China
(D) Myanmar

8 Which one of the water bodies separates the Andaman from the Nicobar? 1
(A) 11° Channel
(B) Gulf of Mannar
(C) 10° Channel
(D) Andaman Sea

9 Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below. 1
Sandalwood is an example of:
(A) Evergreen forest
(C) Deciduous forest
(B) Deltaic forest
(D) Thorny forest

10 What causes rainfall on the coastal areas of Tamil Nadu in the beginning of winters? 1
(A) South-West monsoon
(B) Temperate cyclones
(C) North-Eastern monsoon
(D) Local air circulation

11 Which one of the following phenomenon happens when the sun shines vertically over 1
the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere?
(A) High pressure develops over North-western India due to low temperatures.
(B) Low pressure develops over North-western India due to high temperatures.
(C) No changes in temperature and pressure occur in north-western India.
(D) ‘Loo’ blows in the North-western India.

12 Read carefully the given diagram and answer the below mentioned question: 1

Arrange the following physiographical division/sub division in north to south direction
:
(A). 1. Kathiawar Peninsula, 2. Konkan, ​​ 3. Malabar
(B). 1. Malabar 2. Kathiawar Peninsula 3. Konkan
(C). 1. Konkan 2. Malabar 3. Kathiawar Peninsula
(D). 1. Konkan 2. Kathiawar Peninsula 3. Malabar

13 Which one of the following is the place of confluence of the Alaknanda and the 1
Bhagirathi?
(A) Vishnu Prayag
(B) Rudra Prayag
(C) Karan Prayag
(D) Deva Prayag

14 Which one of the following was the purpose of Project Tiger? 1
(A) To kill tigers
(B) To put tigers in the Zoo
(C) To protect tigers from illegal hunting
(D) To make films on tigers

Read the following graph and answer question no 15 to 17.

15 The radius of earth is- 1
(A) 2900 Km
(B) 6387 Km
(C) 6378 Km
(D) 5100 Km

16 Lithosphere is consists of - 1
(A) Upper most mantle and Core (B) Lower mantle and Core
(C) Core and Crust (D) Upper most mantle and Crust

17 Asthenosphere lies in- 1
(A) Upper Mantle
(B) Upper Crust

(C) Lower Mantle
(D) None of these

Question no.s 15-17 only for Visually impaired candidates in place of above questions

15 The radius of earth is- 1
(A) 2900 Km (B) 6387 Km (C) 6378 Km (D) 5100 Km

16 Lithosphere is consists of – 1
(A) Upper most mantle and Core (B) Lower mantle and Core
(C) Core and Crust (D) Upper most mantle and Crust

17 Asthenosphere lies in- 1
(A) Upper Mantle (B) Upper Crust (C) Lower Mantle (D) None of these

Section - B (3x2 = 6 marks)

18 Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:- 3
Carbon dioxide is meteorologically a very important gas as it is transparent to the incoming
solar radiation but opaque to the outgoing terrestrial radiation. It absorbs a part of terrestrial
radiation and reflects back some part of it towards the earth’s surface. It is largely
responsible for the greenhouse effect. The volume of other gases is constant but the volume
of carbon dioxide has been rising in the past few decades mainly because of the burning of
fossil fuels. This has also increased the temperature of the air. Ozone is another important
component of the atmosphere found between 10 and 50 km above the earth’s surface and
acts as a filter and absorbs the ultra-violet rays radiating from the sun and prevents them
from reaching the surface of the earth.
18.1​ Which gas is responsible to absorbs ultra-violet rays radiating from the sun?
18.2​ Why is Carbon dioxide meteorologically a very important gas?
18.3​ What is Greenhouse Effect?

19 Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:- 3
The mangrove tidal forests are found in the areas of coasts influenced by tides. Mud and silt
get accumulated on such coasts. Dense mangroves are the common varieties with roots of
the plants submerged under water. The deltas of the Ganga, the Mahanadi, the Krishna, the
Godavari and the Kaveri are covered by such vegetation. In the Ganga-Brahmaputra delta,
sundari trees are found, which provide durable hard timber. Palm, coconut, keora, agar, etc.,
also grow in some parts of the delta. Royal Bengal Tiger is the famous animal in these
forests. Turtles, crocodiles, gharials and snakes are also found in these forests.
19.1​ Which one species of plant is found in abundance in Mangrove tidal forest of India?
19.2​ Write major species of fauna found in these forests.
19.3​ In the deltaic regions of which rivers such vegetation is most common?

Section - C (4x3 = 12 marks)

20 Geography as a discipline is concerned with three sets of questions. Discuss those questions in 3
brief.
Or
Discuss the different branches of physical geography in brief. (any three branch)

21 Explain the land and sea breezes. 3

22 How is tide significant to human population? Explain it. (any three point) 3

23 While the sun rises earlier in the east, say Nagaland and also sets earlier, how do the watches at 3
Kohima and New Delhi show the same time?

Section - D (5x5 = 25 marks)

24 What are the evidences in support of continental drift theory?( any five)Discuss it. 5
Or
What is tectonic plate? What are the different types of plate boundaries? Elaborate in brief.

25 Discuss any major five erosion or depositional land forms, formed by the running water 5

26 Explain any five factors determine the climate of India. 5

27 List all the physiographic divisions of India and elaborate important geographical features are 5
associated with anyone of the physical region of the India.

28 Discuss the causes and effects of river pollution in India. Suggest measures to control it. 5

Section - E (2x5 = 10 marks)

29 Identify the already shown features over the World Map and Name it. (any five) 5
(A)​ A Continent
(B)​ A Major Tectonic Plate
(C)​ Largest Ocean of world
(D)​ A hot Desert
(E)​ A sea separates Africa from Asia
(F)​ A cold current of Atlantic Ocean
(G)​ An Ecological Hotspot

30 Show the following items on out lined map of India.(Any Five) 5
(A)​Namcha Barwa Peak
(B)​Arawali Range
(C)​Coromandal Coast
(D)​Brahmputra River
(E)​An area receiving lowest rain fall In India
(F)​Deccan Plateau
(G)​Corbett National Park

Question no.s 29 and 30 only for Visually impaired candidates in place of above questions

29 Answer any five of the following: 5
A) A Continent in Northern Hemisphere, largest one
(B) A Major Tectonic Plate in Northern Hemisphere
(C) Largest Ocean of world
(D) A World’s Biggest Hot Desert
(E) A sea separates Africa from Asia
(F) A cold current of Northern Atlantic Ocean
(G) An Ecological Hotspot situated in Peninsular India

30 (A) Most Peak of Himalaya Mountain 5
(B) The oldest folded Mountain range in India
(C) Coastal Plain along with Eastern Ghat in Far South
(D) The biggest river in North Eastern India
(E) An area receiving lowest rain fall In India
(F) A plateau lies in Maharashtra and Telangana
(G) India’s oldest national park situated in Uttarakhand

Q29.
NAME………………………………………. ………ROLL NO. ………

Q.30

केन्द्रीय विद्यालय संगठन, संभागीय कार्यालय, लखनऊ
सत्रांत परीक्षा 2024-25
कक्षा: ग्यारहवीं ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ विषय: भग
ू ोल

समय: 3 घंटे​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ अधिकतम अंक: 70
सामान्य निर्देश:
निम्नलिखित निर्देशों को ध्यानपर्व ू क पढ़ें और उनका पालन करें :
i)​ इस प्रश्नपत्र में कुल 30 प्रश्न हैं। सभी प्रश्न अनिवार्य हैं|
ii)​ प्रश्नपत्र 5 खंडों अ, ब, स, द और य में बांटा गया है ।
iii)​ खंड अ में प्रश्न संख्या 1 से 17 बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न हैं, प्रत्येक 01 अंक के हैं|
iv)​ खंड ब में प्रश्न 18 और 19 स्रोत आधारित प्रश्न हैं, प्रत्येक 03 अंक के हैं|
v)​ खंड स में प्रश्न संख्या 20 से 23 लघउ ु त्तरीय प्रश्न हैं, प्रत्येक 03 अंक के हैं| इन प्रश्नों के उत्तर 80-100 शब्दों में
होने चाहिए|
vi)​ खंड द में प्रश्न संख्या 24 से 28 दीर्घ उत्तरीय प्रश्न हैं, प्रत्येक प्रश्न 05 अंक के हैं| इन प्रश्नों के उत्तर 120-150
शब्दों में होने चाहिए
vii)​ खंड य प्रश्न संख्या 29 और 30 मानचित्र आधारित प्रश्न हैं, जिनमें 5 उप- भाग हैं। मानचित्र भौगोलिक
विशेषताओं की पहचान या स्थान और लेबलिंग से संबंधित हैं। प्रश्नपत्र में दिए गए विश्व एवं भारत के रूपरे खा
मानचित्र अपनी उत्तर पस्तिु का में अवश्य नत्थी करें ।

प्र.सं खंड-अ (17x1 = 17 अंक) अं

1 निम्नलिखित में से कौनसा अक्षांशीय विस्तार भारत के सीमा विस्तार के लिए प्रासंगिक है 1
(अ) 8°41'N - 35°7'N (ब) 8°4'N - 37°6'N
(स) 8°4'N - 35°6'N (द) 6°45'N - 37°6'N

2 निम्नलिखित भव ू ैज्ञानिक प्रक्रियाओं पर विचार करें :​ 1
1. ज्वालामखु ी 2. अपरदन 3. अपक्षय 4. अपरूपण 5. भक ू ंप
उपरोक्त में से कौनसा कथन अंतर्जात प्रक्रिया के लिए निहित नहीं है ?
(अ) केवल 1, 2 और 4 (ब) केवल 2, 3 और 4
(स) केवल 2 और 3 (द) केवल 2, 3, 4 और 5

3 दो कथन कथन 1 और 2 दिए गए हैं, निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा सही है ? 1
कथन-1 पथ्
ृ वी का वायम ु ंडल अप्रत्यक्ष रूप से इसके विकिरण से गर्म होता है ।
कथन-2 वायम ु ंडल में कार्बन-डाइ-ऑक्साइड और अन्य ग्रीन हाउस गैसें दीर्घ तरं ग विकिरण के अच्छे
अवशोषक हैं।
(अ) कथन-1 और 2 दोनों सही हैं और कथन-2 कथन-1 की व्याख्या करता है
(ब) कथन-1 और 2 दोनों सही हैं, लेकिन कथन-2 कथन-1 की व्याख्या नहीं करता है
(स) कथन -1 सही है , लेकिन कथन -2 गलत है |
(द) कथन-1 गलत है , लेकिन कथन-2 सही है |

4 यहां दो कथनों को अभिकथन (अ) और कारण (आर) के रूप में चिह्नित किया गया है । नीचे दिए गए 1
कोड के अनस ु ार अपना उत्तर चिह्नित करें ।
अभिकथन (अ):संघनन के पश्चात ् वायम ु ंडल में मौजद
ू जलवाष्प या नमी ओस, पाला, कोहरा और
बादल में से कोई एक रूप ग्रहण कर लेती है |कारण (आर): संघनन ऊष्मा के ह्रास के कारण होता है ।
विकल्प:
(अ) (ए) और (आर) दोनों सत्य हैं लेकिन (आर) (ए) का सही स्पष्टीकरण है |
(ब) (ए) और (आर) दोनोंसत्यहैंऔर (आर) (ए) कासहीस्पष्टीकरणनहीं है |
(स) (ए) और (आर) दोनोंगलतहैं।
(द) (ए) सहीहै लेकिन (आर) गलतहै ।

5 वह सीमा जहां से समद्र ु में गहराई बढ़ने पर तापमान में तेजी से गिरावट दर्ज की जाती है . 1
...........कहा जाता है |
(अ) पाइक्नोक्लाइन (ब) थर्मोक्लाइन (स) हे लोक्लाइन (द) आइसोक्लाइन

6 निम्नलिखित में से कौनसा वर्तमान वातावरण के निर्माण या संशोधन से संबंधितन हीं है ? 1
(अ) सौर हवाएं (ब) विभेदन (स) डी गैसिग
ं (द) प्रकाश संश्लेषण

7 निम्नलिखित में से कौनसा दे श भारत के साथ सबसे लंबी भमि
ू सीमा साझा करता है ? 1
(अ) बांग्लादे श (ब) पाकिस्तान (स) चीन (द) म्यांमार

8 कौनसा जल निकाय अंडमान को निकोबार से अलग करता है ? 1

(अ) 11°चैनल (ब) मन्नार की खाड़ी (स) 10°चैनल (द) अंडमान सागर

9 चंदन निम्न में से किसका उदाहरण है ? 1
(अ) सदाबहार वन (ब) पर्णपाती वन (स) डेल्टा वन (द) कांटेदार वन

10 शीतकाल की शरुु आत में तमिलनाडु के तटीय क्षेत्रों में वर्षा का कारण क्या है ? 1
(अ) दक्षिण-पश्चिम मानसन ू (ब) शीतोष्ण चक्रवात
(स) उत्तर-पर्वी
ू मानस न
ू (द) स्थानीय वायु परिसंचरण

11 जब सर्यू दक्षिणी गोलार्ध में मकर रे खा पर लंबवत चमकता है , निम्नलिखित में से क्या होता है ? 1
(अ) उत्तर-पश्चिमी भारत में कम तापमान होने के कारण उच्च वायद ु ाब विकसित हो जाता है
(ब)उत्तर-पश्चिमी भारत में उच्च तापमान होने के कारण निम्न वायद ु ाब विकसित हो जाता है
(स) उत्तर-पश्चिमी भारत में तापमान और दाब में कोई परिवर्तन नहीं होता है ।
(द) उत्तर-पश्चिमी भारत झल ु सा दे ने वाली तेज 'ल'ू चलती है ।

12 दिए गए आरे ख का ध्यानपर्व
ू क अवलोकन करें तथा निम्न लिखित प्रश्न का उत्तर दे |​ 1

निम्नलिखित भौतिक
विभाग/ उप विभाग को उत्तर
से दक्षिण दिशा में व्यवस्थित
करें :
(अ) 1. काठियावाड प्रायद्वीप, 2. कोंकण, 3. मालाबार
(ब). 1. मालाबार, 2. काठियावाड प्रायद्वीप, 3. कोंकण
(स) 1. कोंकण, 2. मालाबार, 3. काठियावाड प्रायद्वीप
(द) 1. कोंकण, 2. काठियावाड प्रायद्वीप, 3. मालाबार

13 निम्नलिखित में से कौनसा अलकनंदा और भागीरथी का संगम स्थल है ? 1
(अ) विष्णु प्रयाग (ब) रुद्र प्रयाग (स) कर्ण प्रयाग (द) दे व प्रयाग

14 प्रोजेक्ट टाइगर का उद्दे श्य निम्नलिखित में से कौनसा था? 1
(अ) बाघों को मारने के लिए (ब) बाघों को चिड़िया घर में रखना
(स) बाघों को अवैध शिकार से बचाने के लिए (द) बाघों पर फिल्में बनाना

निम्नलिखित ग्राफ को पढ़ें और प्रश्न संख्या 15 से 17 का उत्तर दें ।

15 ृ वी की त्रिज्या है -
पथ् 1
(अ) 2900 किमी (ब) 6387 किमी (स) 6378 किमी (द) 5100 किमी

16 स्थलमंडल किस से मिलकर बना है – 1
(अ) ऊपरी ठोस में टल और कोर/ क्रोड़ (ब) निचला में टल और कोर/ क्रोड़
(स) कोर/ क्रोड़ और क्रस्ट (द)ऊपरी ठोस में टल और क्रस्ट

17 एस्थेनोस्फीयर स्थित है - 1
(अ) उपरी में टल (ब) उपरी क्रस्ट (स) निचला में टल (द) इनमें से कोई नहीं

प्रश्नसंख्या 15,16 और17 के स्थान पर निम्नलिखित प्रश्न केवल दृष्टिबाधित अभ्यर्थियों के लिए
हैं।

15 ृ वी की त्रिज्या है -
पथ् 1
(अ) 2900 किमी (ब) 6387 किमी (स) 6378 किमी (द) 5100 किमी

16 स्थलमंडल किस से मिलकर बना है – 1
(अ) ऊपरी ठोस में टल और कोर/क्रोड़ (ब) निचला में टल और कोर/क्रोड़
(स) कोर/क्रोड़ और क्रस्ट (द) ऊपरी ठोस में टल और क्रस्ट

17 एस्थेनोस्फीयर स्थित है - 1
(अ) उपरी में टल (ब) उपरी क्रस्ट (स) निचला में टल (द) इनमें से कोई नहीं

खंड-ब (2x3 = 6 अंक)

18 दिए गए गद्यांश को ध्यान पर्व ू क पढ़ें और निम्न लिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर दें :- 3
कार्बन डाइ ऑक्साइड मौसम संबंधी दृष्टि से एक बहुत ही महत्वपर्ण ू गैस है क्योंकि यह आने वाले
सौर विकिरण के लिए पारदर्शी है लेकिन बाहर जाने वाले स्थलीय विकिरण के लिए अपारदर्शी है । यह
स्थलीय विकिरण के एक भाग को अवशोषित करता है और उसके कुछ भाग को वापस पथ् ृ वी की
सतह की ओर परावर्तित कर दे ता है । यह ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव के लिए काफी हद तक जिम्मेदार है । अन्य
गैसों की मात्रा स्थिर है लेकिन कार्बन डाइ ऑक्साइड की मात्रा पिछले कुछ दशकों में मख् ु य रूप से
जीवाश्म ईंधन के जलने के कारण बढ़ रही है । इससे हवा का तापमान भी बढ़ गया है । ओजोन
वायमु ंडल का एक अन्य महत्वपर्ण ू घटक है जो पथ् ृ वी की सतह से 10 से 50 किमी ऊपर पाया जाता है
और एक फिल्टर के रूप में कार्य करता है और सर्य ू से निकलने वाली परा बैंगनी किरणों को
अवशोषित करता है और उन्हें पथ् ृ वी की सतह तक पहुंचने से रोकता है ।
18.1​ कौन सी गैस सर्य ू से निकलने वाली पराबैंगनी किरणों को अवशोषित करने के लिए
उत्तरदायी है ?
18.2​ कार्बन डाइ ऑक्साइड मौसम विज्ञान की दृष्टि से एकअत्यंत महत्वपर्ण
ू गैस क्यों है ?
18.3​ ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव क्या है ?

19 दिए गए गद्यांश को ध्यान पर्व ू क पढ़ें और निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर दें : 3
मैंग्रोव ज्वारीय वन ज्वार से प्रभावित तटों के क्षेत्रों में पाए जाते हैं। ऐसे तटों पर कीचड़ और गाद
जमा हो जाती है । घने मैंग्रोव आम किस्म हैं जिनके पौधों की जड़ें पानी के नीचे डूबी होती हैं।
गंगा, महानदी, कृष्णा, गोदावरी और कावेरी के डेल्टा ऐसी वनस्पति से आच्छादित हैं।
गंगा-ब्रह्मपत्र
ु डेल्टा में संद
ु री के पेड़ पाए जाते हैं, जो टिकाऊ कठोर लकड़ी प्रदान करते हैं। डेल्टा
के कुछ भागों में ताड़, नारियल, केवड़ा, अगर आदि भी उगते हैं। रॉयल बंगाल टाइगर इन जंगलों
का प्रसिद्ध जानवर है । इन जंगलों में कछुए, मगरमच्छ, घड़ियाल और सांप भी पाए जाते हैं।
19.1​ भारत के मैंग्रोव ज्वारीय वन में पौधे की कौनसी प्रजाति बहुतायत में पाई जाती है ?
19.2​ इन वनों में पाई जाने वाली प्रमख ु जीव-जंतओ ु ं की प्रजातियाँ लिखिए।​ ​
19.3​ किन नदियों के डेल्टाई क्षेत्रों में ऐसी वनस्पति सबसे अधिक पाई जाती है ?​

खंड स (4x3 = 12 अंक)

20 एक विषय के रूप में भग
ू ोल प्रश्नों के तीन समह
ू ों से संबंधित है । उन प्रश्नों पर संक्षेप में चर्चा करें । 3
अथवा

भौतिक भग
ू ोल की विभिन्न शाखाओं (कोई तीन शाखाएँ) की संक्षेप में चर्चा करें ।

21 ु ी समीर की संक्षिप्त व्याख्या करें |​
स्थल एवं समद्र 3

22 मानव जनसंख्या के लिए ज्वार किस प्रकार महत्वपर्ण
ू है ? इसे स्पष्ट करें । (कोई तीन बिंद)ु 3

23 जबकि पर्व
ू में , उदहारणतः नागालैंड में , सर्य
ू पहले उदय होता है और पहले ही अस्त हो जाता है , फिर 3
कोहिमा और नई दिल्ली में घड़ियाँ एक ही समय क्यों दिखाती हैं?

खंड द (5x5 = 20 अंक)

24 महाद्वीपीय प्रवाह सिद्धांत के समर्थन में क्या साक्ष्य हैं? (कोईपांच), सविस्तार चर्चा करें | 5
अथवा
प्लेट विवर्तनिक क्या है ? प्लेट सीमाएँ कितने प्रकार की होती हैं? विस्तार से बताएं।

25 प्रवाहित जल से बनने वाले किन्हीं पांच अपरदनात्मक या निक्षेपणात्मक भस्
ू वरूप पर चर्चा करें । 5

26 भारत की जलवायु को निर्धारित करने वाले किन्हीं पाँच कारकों की व्याख्या करें । 5

27 भारत के सभी भौतिक विभागों की सचू ी बनाएं और भारत के किसी एक भौतिक विभाग से जड़
ु ी 5
महत्वपर्ण
ू भौगोलिक विशे
ष ताओं की विस्त त
ृ जानकारी दें ।

28 ू ण के कारणों और प्रभावों पर चर्चा करें । इसे नियंत्रित करने के उपाय सझ
भारत में नदी प्रदष ु ाएँ। 5

खंड य (2x5 = 10 अंक)

29 विश्व के मानचित्र पर प्रदर्शित लक्षणों को पहचाने एवं उनका नाम लिखें (किन्ही पांच) 5

(A)​एक महाद्वीप
ु टे क्टोनिक प्लेट
(B)​एक प्रमख
(C)​विश्व का सबसे बड़ा महासागर
(D)​एक गर्म मरुस्थल
ु जो अफ्रीका को एशिया से अलग करता है
(E)​समद्र
(F)​अटलांटिक महासागर की एक शीत समद्र ु ी धारा
(G)​एक पारिस्थिकीय तप्त स्थल

30 निम्न को भारत के रे खामानचित्र पर दर्शाइये (किन्ही पांच) | 5
(A)​नामचाबरवा पर्वत चोटी
(B)​अरावली रें ज
(C)​कोरोमंडल तट
(D)​ब्रह्मपत्र
ु नदी
(E)​भारत का एक न्यन ू बर्षा प्राप्त करने वाला एक क्षेत्र
(F)​दक्कन का पठार
(G)​कार्बेट नेशनल पार्क

प्रश्न संख्या 29 व 30 के स्थान पर निम्नलिखित प्रश्न केवल दृष्टिबाधित अभ्यर्थियों के लिए हैं।
निम्नलिखित में से किन्हीं पाँच प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए-

29 निम्नलिखित में से किन्हीं पाँच प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए- 5
A) उत्तरी गोलार्ध में एक महाद्वीप, सबसे बड़ा
(B) उत्तरी गोलार्ध में एक प्रमख
ु टे क्टोनिक प्लेट
(C) विश्व का सबसे बड़ा महासागर
(D) विश्व का सबसे बड़ा गर्म मरुस्थल
(E)समद्रु जो अफ्रीका को एशिया से अलग करता है
(F) उत्तरी अटलांटिक महासागर की एक शीत समद्र ु ीधारा
(G) प्रायद्वीपीय भारत में स्थित एक पारिस्थिकीय तप्तस्थल

30 निम्नलिखित में से किन्हीं पाँच प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए- 5
A) हिमालय पर्वत की सबसे पर्वी ू चोटी
(B) भारत की सबसे परु ानी वलित पर्वत श्रंख ृ ला
(C) सद ु रू दक्षिण में पर्वी
ू घाट के साथ तटीय मैदान
(D) पर्वो
ू त्तर भारत की सबसे बड़ी नदी
(E) भारत का एक न्यन ू बर्षा प्राप्त करने वाला एक क्षेत्र
(F) एक पठार महाराष्ट्र और तेलंगाना में स्थितहै
(G) उत्तरखंड में स्थित भारत का सबसे परु ाना नेशनल पार्क

29.
NAME………………………………………. ………ROLL NO. ………

Q.30

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SESSION ENDING EXAMINATION 2024-25
SET-2
MARKING SCHEME SEE-24-25
CLASS- XI
GEOGRAPHY

1.​ B
2.​ C
3.​ A
4.​ B
5.​ B
6.​ B
7.​ A
8.​ C
9.​ C
10.​C
11.​A
12.​A
13.​D
14.​C
15.​C
16.​D
17.​A

18.1 Ozone
18.2 Carbon dioxide is meteorologically a very important gas as it is transparent to the
incoming solar radiation but opaque to the outgoing terrestrial radiation.
18.3 The greenhouse effect is a process that occurs when gases in Earth’s atmosphere trap the
sun’s heat.This process makes Earth much warmer than it would be without an atmosphere.
19.1 Sundari
19.2 Royal Bengal Tiger, crocodiles, ghariyals etc.
19.3 The deltas of the Ganga, the Mahanadi, the Krishna, the Godavari and the Kaveri
20. What, Where & Why
1.​ Some questions are concerned with the identification of the patterns of natural
and cultural features as found over the surface of the earth. These are the
questions about “what”?
2.​ Second type of questions are related to the distribution of the natural and
human/ cultural features over the surface of the earth. These are the questions
about where?
3.​ .The third question is related to the explanation or the causal relationships
between features and the processes and phenomen.
​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ OR
Geomorphology is the main branch of physical geography. It is the science of earth surface
processes and landforms. In other words it is the scientific study of surface involving
interpretative description of landforms, their origin and development and nature and
mechanism of geomorphological processes which evolve the landforms.
It is the study of distribution and characteristics and global impact of ocean and seas. It is
concerned with the study of various types of oceanic component and processes related to
ocean floor depths, currents, corals reefs and continental drifts etc.
Soil geography is the study of distribution of soil as a and natural resources on the earth
surface. It is not only studies the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil but also

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their utility, management and impact of living organisms. It is therefore further subdivided
into two sub branches namely.( or any other relevant point)

21.Land breezes arise from land, while sea breezes arise from the sea or other large bodies of
water. The vital difference is due to the property of water to retain heat and warm up on a
longer duration as compared to land. The offshore winds are known as a land breeze, and
onshore winds are known as a sea breeze.
Land breeze is also known as off- shore wind and takes place during the night and early
morning and in winter or autumn season. Land breezes result in the formation and
development of clouds. In simple words a land breeze is the flow of wind from the land
towards the sea. During the night time, the land cools down quickly as compared to the day
because there is no sun to heat surrounding air and the sea surface.
Sea Breeze also known as on - shore wind takes place during the day time and in spring and
summer season. Sea Breeze occurs due to unequal heating of land and water as during a day
the land surface heats up faster than the sea surface which results in the relatively heather air
above the land than the water. As we all know that warmer air is lighter than the cooler air
and as a result the warmer air goes up, which means here the warmer air is above the land and
this will rise up and the coller air is flowing towards the land surface and taking the space of
the warmer air.
22.Tides are useful, especially to the people belonging to the coastal communities and such
related areas. Tides also bring in a lot more fish closer to the shores, making it easier for the
fishermen. Tides can also be harnessed to generate energy. High Tides helps in navigation. (
or any other relevant point.)
23.While the sun rises earlier in the east, say Nagaland and also sets earlier but the watches at
Kohima and New Delhi show the same time Because India follows one standard time for all
over its land It is time shown at standard meridian of India. As the longitudinal gap between
Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat is about 30 degrees, the time lag between these two states is
two hours. Since Arunachal Pradesh is situated in the east, the sun rises earlier here compared
to Gujarat in the west. But the watch shows the same time because of standard meridian of
India.
24. Evidence of Movement of Continents:
(i) Jig-Saw-Fit: The shorelines of Africa and South America have a remarkable and
unmistakable match.
(ii) Rocks of same age across the oceans: The belt of ancient rocks of 2,000 million years
from Brazil coast matches with the rocks from western Africa.
(iii) Tillite: The Gondwana system of sediments from India is known to have its counter parts
in Africa, Falkland Island, Madagascar, Antarctica, and Australia. At the base, the system has
thick tillite indicating extensive and prolonged glaciations.
(iv) Placer Deposits: The gold bearing veins are in Brazil and it is obvious that the gold
deposits of the Ghana are derived from the Brazil plateau when the two continents lay side by
side.
(v) Fossils: The skeletons of Mesosaurus, a small reptile, are found only in the Southern Cape
Province of South Africa and Iraver formations of Brazil. The two localities presently are
4,800
km apart with an ocean in between them.
OR
There are three types of plate boundaries. They are:

●​ Divergent Boundaries: New crust is generated as the plates pull away from
each other. The sites where the plates move away from each other are called
spreading sites. Example: Mid-Atlantic Ridge.Along these boundaries,
earthquakes are common and magma (molten rock) rises from the Earth's

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mantle to the surface, solidifying to create new oceanic crust. The
Mid-Atlantic Ridge is an example of divergent plate boundaries.
●​ Convergent Boundaries: The crust is destroyed as one plate dived under
another. The location where the sinking of a plate occurs is called a subduction
zone. There are three ways in which convergence can occur. When two
tectonic plates collide, a convergent plate boundary is formed. Convergent
Boundaries are also called destructive boundaries.
●​ The impact of colliding plates can cause one or both plates' edges to bow up
into mountain ranges, or one plate to bend down into a deep undersea trench.
●​ Along convergent plate borders, a chain of volcanoes frequently occurs, and
severe earthquakes are prevalent.
●​ A convergent plate boundary is an example of the Pacific Ring of Fire.
●​ Oceanic crust is frequently pulled down into the mantle near convergent plate
borders, where it begins to melt.
●​ Magma rises through and into the opposite plate, hardening into granite, the
rock that forms the continents.
●​ As a result of convergent borders, continental crust is formed while oceanic
crust is destroyed.
●​ The common examples of convergent boundaries are the subduction zonesthat
are formed when the heavier plate slides beneath the lighter plate, creating a
deep trench.
●​ The dense mantle material is transformed into buoyant magma, which rises
through the crust to the Earth's surface.
●​ The rising magma has created a chain of active volcanoes known as volcanic
arc over millions of years.
●​ Convergent plate boundaries cause mountain formation and theformation of
island arcs in addition to Subduction Zones.
●​ These are:
●​ Between an oceanic and continental plate;
●​ Between two oceanic plates; and
●​ Between two continental plates.
●​ Transform Boundaries: The crust is neither produced nor destroyed as the
plates slide horizontally past each other. Transform Boundaries are formed
when tectonic plates travel horizontally past each other but parts of the plates
become stuck where they touch.
●​ Two plates slide past each other in this type of interaction, and no new
landforms are created or destroyed; only the present landform is deformed.
●​ Plate interaction happens without generating or destroying crust, therefore
these limitations are conservative.
●​ As a result, they don't build beautiful landforms like mountains or oceans, but
the slowing motion frequently causes big earthquakes, such as the devastating
1906 earthquake in San Francisco.
●​ Stress builds up in these places of contact, forcing the rocks to crack or slip,
lurching the plates forward, and creating earthquakes.
●​ Faults are the places where things break or slip.
●​ In the Ring of Fire, the majority of Earth's faults can be found along transform
borders.

25. Valleys, Gorges, Canyon-

●​ As we discussed above, valleys are formed as a result of running water.
●​ The rills which are formed by the overland flow of water later develop into
gullies.
●​ These gullies gradually deepen and widen to form valleys.

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●​ A gorge is a deep valley with very steep to straight sides.
●​ A canyon is characterized by steep step-like side slopes and may be as deep as a
gorge.

Potholes, Plunge pools-
●​ Potholes are more or less circular depressions over the rocky beds of hills
streams.
●​ Once a small and shallow depression forms, pebbles and boulders get collected
in those depressions and get rotated by flowing water. Consequently, the
depressions grow in dimensions to form potholes.

Incised or Entrenched Meanders-

●​ They are very deep wide meanders (loop-like channels) found cut in hard rocks.
●​ Over time, they deepen and widen to form gorges or canyons in hard rock.
●​ The difference between a normal meander and an incised/entrenched meander
is that the latter is found on hard rocks.

River Terraces-
●​ They are surfaces marking old valley floors or flood plains.
●​ They are the result of vertical erosion by the stream.
●​ When the terraces are of the same elevation on either side of the river, they are
called as paired terraces.
●​ When the terraces are seen only on one side with none on the other or one at
quite a different elevation on the other side, they are called unpaired terraces.

Alluvial Fans-
●​ They are found in the middle course of a river at the foot of a slope/mountain.
●​ When the stream moves from the higher level and breaks into a foot slope plain
of low gradient, it loses the energy needed to transport much of its load.
●​ Thus, they get dumped and spread as broad low to high cone-shaped deposits
called alluvial fans.
●​ The deposits are not roughly very well sorted. ( any other relevant features as
per NCERT)

26. The elements that affect the climate of India are as follows: Some elements are Latitude ,
Relief, Air pressure, Seasonal winds. Though the tropic of cancer divides the country into
two halves and affecting the climate of the country, there are also some other factors that
affect the country.

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27. India can be divided into the following physiographic divisions: (i) The Northern and
Northeastern Mountains (ii) The Northern Plain (iii) The Peninsular Plateau (iv) The Indian
Desert (v) The Coastal Plains (vi) The Islands. ( description as per NCERT)

28. The control of water pollution starts with understanding its causes. Major contributors
include By industrial effluents, agricultural runoff, urbanisation,improper waste disposal
addressing these root causes, we can implement effective steps to control water pollution and
protect our water sources. The effects are far-reaching, impacting ecosystems, wildlife, and
human health. Contaminated water can lead to diseases, disrupt food chains, and contribute to
biodiversity loss.

Implementing Control measures -

1.Wastewater treatment
2.Purification
3.Plastic waste reduction
4.Use of Septic Tanks
5.Stormwater Management
( or any other relevant point)

29. A) Australia
B) South American plate
C) Pacific
D)Sahara
E) Red sea
F) Labrador current
G) The Western Ghat

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