NIOS Class 12 Question Paper 2021 (Jan Feb) Introduction to Law

This Question Paper consists of 33 questions [Section-A(21)+Section-B(6+6)] and 8 printed pages.
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Sl. No.
Roll No.
AZw H « $ _m§ H $
Code No.
H$mo S > Z§ .
60/SS/A
INTRODUCTION TO LAW
Set / go Q > A
H$mZyZ EH$ n[aM¶
(338)
Day and Date of Examination :
(narjm H$m {XZ d {XZm§ H $)
Signature of Invigilators : 1.
({ZarjH$m| Ho $ hñVmja)
2.
General Instructions :
1. Candidate must write his/her Roll Number on the first page of the Question Paper.
2. Please check the Question Paper to verify that the total pages and total number of questions contained in
the Question Paper are the same as those printed on the top of the first page. Also check to see that the
questions are in sequential order.
3. Making any identification mark in the Answer-Book or writing Roll Number anywhere other than the
specified places will lead to disqualification of the candidate.
4. Write your Question Paper Code No. 60/ SS /A , Set - A on the Answer-Book.
5. (a) The Question paper is in English/Hindi medium only. However, if you wish, you can answer in any
one of the languages listed below :
English, Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi, Bengali, Tamil, Malayalam, Kannada, Telugu, Marathi, Oriya, Gujarati,
Konkani, Manipuri, Assamese, Nepali, Kashmiri, Sanskrit and Sindhi.
You are required to indicate the language you have chosen to answer in the box provided in the
Answer-Book.
(b) If you choose to write the answer in the language other than Hindi and English, the responsibility
for any errors/mistakes in understanding the questions will be yours only.
gm_mÝ` AZw X o e :
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Om±M ^r H$a b| {H$ àíZ H«${‘H$ ê$n ‘| h¢&
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H$í‘rar, g§ñH¥$V Am¡a qgYr&
H¥$n¶m CÎma-nwpñVH$m ‘| {XE JE ~m°³g ‘| {bI| {H$ Amn {H$g ^mfm ‘| CÎma {bI aho h¢&
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{Oå‘oXmar Ho$db AmnH$s hmoJr&

60/SS/A-338-A] G-807 1  [ Contd......

INTRODUCTION TO LAW
H$mZyZ EH$ n[aM¶
(338)
Time : 3 Hours] [Maximum Marks : 100
g_` : 3 KÊQ>o] [nyUmªH$ : 100
Note : (i) This Question paper consists of two Sections, viz., 'A' and 'B'.
(ii) All the questions of Section 'A' are compulsory.
(iii) Section 'B' has two options. Candidates are required to attempt questions from one option only.
(iv) Marks allotted are indicated against each question.

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(ii) IÊS> "A' ‘| {XE JE g^r àíZ A{Zdm¶© h¢&
(iii) IÊS> "~' ‘| Xmo {dH$ën h¢& narjm{W©¶m| H$mo Ho$db EH$ {dH$ën Ho$ hr àíZm| Ho$ CÎma XoZo h¢&
(iv) à˶oH$ àíZ Ho$ gm‘Zo CgHo$ A§H$ {XE JE h¢&

SECTION-A

IÊS-A

1. Define the term Legislation. [2]

{dYmZ eãX H$mo n[a^m{fV H$a|&

2. What do you mean by pleading? [2]

"A{^dMZ' go Amn ³¶m g‘PVo hmo?

3. Why did the Parsis adopt the local customs of India? Give one reason. [2]

nma{g¶m| Zo ^maV Ho$ ñWmZr¶ ar{V [admOm| H$mo ³¶m| AnZm¶m? H$moB© EH$ H$maU ~VmBE&

60/SS/A-338-A] G-807 2  [ Contd......

4. Define 'Conciliation'. [2]

gwbh g‘Pm¡Vm ³¶m h¡?

5. Define Central Laws. [2]

Ho$ÝÐr¶ H$mZyZ H$mo n[a^m{fV H$s{OE&

6. Enlist the two defects in the existing Judicial System in India. [2]

dV©‘mZ ‘| ^maVr¶ ݶm{¶H$ ì¶dñWm Ho$ Xmo H${‘¶m| H$s gyMr ~ZmBE&

7. Define what is Judgment. [2]

{ZU©¶ H$mo n[a^m{fV H$ao&

8. List any two duties enshrined in the Constitution of India. [2]

^maVr¶ g§{dYmZ ‘| d{U©V {H$Ýht Xmo H$Îmì¶m| H$s gyMr ~ZmBE&

9. Define 'Custom' and also identify the essentials of a valid custom. [4]

ar{V-[admOm| H$mo n[a^m{fV H$a| Am¡a ar{V-[admOm| Ho$ A{Zdm¶© VËdm| H$s ^r nhMmZ H$a|&

60/SS/A-338-A] G-807 3  [ Contd......

10. List some activities of Public Interest Litigation (PIL). [4]

OZ{hV ¶m{MH$m Ho$ Hw$N> H$m¶©H$bmnm| {df¶m| H$s gyMr V¡¶ma H$a|&

11. Discuss the scope of decentralization with reference to 73rd Constitutional
Amendment Act. [4]

73 d§o g§{dYmZ g§emoYZ Ho$ gÝX^© ‘| {dHo$ÝÐrH$aU Ho$ Xm¶ao (H$m¶©joÌ) H$s MMm© H$a|&

12. Write about appointment of High Court Judges. [4]

Cƒ ݶm¶mb¶ Ho$ ݶm¶mYrem| H$s {Z¶w{º$ Ho$ ~mao ‘| {b{IE&

13. What are essential characteristic of a Federal State? [4]

g§KmË‘H$ amÁ¶ Ho$ Amdí¶H$ bjU ³¶m h¢?

14. What are fundamental rights? How many are they? Write about Right to equality.[4]

‘m¡{bH$ A{YH$ma ³¶m h¢? doo {H$VZo h¢? g‘mZVm Ho$ A{YH$ma Ho$ ~mao ‘| {b{IE&

15. How many types of writs are there to enforce fundamental rights? Write about 2
writs. [4]

‘m¡{bH$ A{YH$mam| Ho$ nmbZ Ho$ {bE {H$VZr [aQ> h¢? Xmo [aQ>m| Ho$ ~mao ‘| {b{IE&

60/SS/A-338-A] G-807 4  [ Contd......

16. Criminal matters start with FIR and ends at judgment or sentence. Write about
FIR, investigation, filing of charge sheet, Arguments and judgment. [6]

Anam{YH$ ‘m‘bm àmW{‘H$s (FIR) go ewê$ hmoH$a {ZU©¶ ¶m gOm gwZmZo VH$ hmoVm h¡& àmW{‘H$s, Om§M, Amamon
nÌ Xm{Ib H$aZm, VH©$-{dV©H$ VWm {ZU©¶ Ho$ ~mao ‘| {b{IE&

17. Write about some Directive principles of state policy which have been implemented
so far by 73rd, 86th amendments. [6]

Hw$N> amÁ¶ Ho$ {Z{V {ZXoeH$ {gÕmÝV {H«$¶mpÝdV hþE h¢ O¡go 73d|, 86d| g§{dYmZ g§emoYZ Ûmam, BZHo$ ~mao ‘|
{b{IE&

18. Write about proclamation of National Emergency by the President of India. [6]

^maV Ho$ amï´>n{V Ûmam amï´>r¶ AmnmV H$s KmofUm Ho$ ~mao ‘o§ {b{IE&

19. Write in short powers and jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. [6]

g§jon ‘| gdm©oƒ ݶm¶mb¶ H$s e{º$¶m± d joÌm{YH$ma {b{IE&

20. What is plea bargaining? What is importance of this in present time? [6]

ßbr ~maJoqZJ ³¶m h¡? dV©‘mZ g‘¶ ‘| BgH$m ³¶m ‘hËd h¡?

21. What do you know about marriage and divorce under the Muslim law? Write in
short. [6]

‘wpñb‘ H$mZyZ ‘| {ddmh VWm VbmH$ Ho$ ~mao ‘| Vw‘ ³¶m OmZVo hmo? g§jon ‘| {b{IE&

60/SS/A-338-A] G-807 5  [ Contd......

SECTION-B

IÊS>-~

OPTION-I

{dH$ën- I

(Environmental Law & Sustainable Development)

(n¶m© d aU H$mZy Z Am¡ a YmaUr¶ {dH$mg
{dH$mg))

22. What do you know about Bhopal Disaster? [2]

^monmb ÌmgXr Ho$ ~mao ‘| Amn ³¶m OmZVo hmo?

23. List any two functions of state pollution control board. [2]

amÁ¶ àXÿfU {Z¶§ÌU ~moS>© Ho$ H$moB© Xmo H$m¶© ~VmBE&

24. Where a person aggrieved by any order, decision or award of NGT can go in
appeal? [2]

¶{X H$moB© ì¶{º$ EZ.Or.Q>r. Ho$ {H$gr ^r AmXoe, {ZU©¶ ¶m AdmS>© go nr{‹S>V h¡ Vmo ³¶m dh Anrb H$a gH$Vm
h¡?

60/SS/A-338-A] G-807 6  [ Contd......

25. What is the need for 'Sustainable Development'? List any two factors that are
important for attaining sustainable development. [4]

"YmaUr¶ {dH$mg" H$s Amdí¶H$Vm ³¶m| h¡? YmaUr¶ {dH$mg Ho$ bú¶ H$mo àmá H$aZo Ho$ {bE {H$Ýht Xmo
‘hËdnyU© H$maH$m| H$m C„oI H$a|&

26. Discuss Role of PIL in ensuring clean Environment. [4]

OZ{hV dmXm| (PIL) H$s ñdÀN> n¶m©daU gw{ZpíMV H$aZo H$s ^y{‘H$m H$s MMm© H$a§o&

27. Write about composition and jurisdiction of NGT (National Green Tribunal). [6]

amï´>r¶ J«rZ {Q´>ã¶yZb (EZ. Or. Q>r.) H$s g§aMZm d ݶm{¶H$ joÌm{YH$ma Ho$ ~mao ‘| {bI§o&

OPTION-II

{dH$ën- II

(Consumer Protection Act & Right to Information)

(Cn^mo º $m gw a jm g§ ~ § { YV H$mZy Z Am¡ a gy M Zm H$m A{YH$ma
A{YH$ma))

22. Name the Consumer Court at District and National Level. [2]

{Obm VWm amï´>r¶ ñVa na Cn^moº$m AXmbV H$m Zm‘ ~VmE§&

23. Define Consumer Activism. [2]

Cn^mo³Vm g{H«$¶Vm H$mo n[a^m{fV H$a|&

60/SS/A-338-A] G-807 7  [ Contd......

24. Define the term consumer redressal. [2]

Cn^moº$m {ZdmaU H$mo n[a^m{fV H$a|&

25. What is false representation and hoarding, Destruction in unfair trade practice?[4]

AZw{MV H$mamo~ma ‘| JbV àñVwVrH$aU VWm O‘mImoar, {dÜd§g ³¶m h¡?

26. Write about Competition Commission of India and its two functions. [4]

^maVr¶ à{VñnYm© Am¶moJ VWm BgHo$ Xmo H$m¶mªo Ho$ ~mao ‘| {bIo§&

27. Draft a complaint against the supply of defective goods. [6]

XmofnyU© dñVwAm| H$s ny{V© Ho$ {Ibm’$ EH$ ¶m{MH$m V¡¶ma H$a|&

OR/AWdm

Explain the working of consumer courts.

Cn^moº$m AXmbVm| H$s H$m¶©àUmbr H$s ì¶m»¶m H$s{OE&



60/SS/A-338-A] G-807 8 