MAHA SET 2018 Question Paper 3 Psychology

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A
Paper-III
PSYCHOLOGY
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2

PSYCHOLOGY
Paper III

III
Time Allowed : 2½ Hours] [Maximum Marks : 150
Note : This Question Paper contains Seventy Five (75) multiple choice questions.
Each question carries Two (2) marks. Attempt All questions.
(75) (2)

1. Alanon is a group intervention 1.
approach for families of people

with :
(A)
(A) mental retardation
(B)
(B) alcoholism

(C) cancer (C)

(D) alzheimer’s disease (D)

2. Tendency of a person to be less 2.
productive in a group than working

individually is known as :

(A) Group pressure (A)

(B) Group conformity (B)

(C) Social loafing (C)

(D) Social support (D)

3 [P.T.O.

3. An inclusive approach to education : 3.

(A) “Mainstreams” special children (A)

(B) Accommodates a diverse range (B)

of learners

(C) Integrates special children (C)

(D)
(D) Creates a special division for

special children

4. According to Bronfenbrenner’s 4.

approach to human development,

Macrosystem represents :

(A) broader influences on an (A)

individual
(B)
(B) binds children to parents,

student to teachers etc.

(C) larger cultural influences on an (C)

individual

(D) immediate influences on an
(D)
individual

4

5. A method that social psychologists 5.
use to measure subjective well-being
of an individual is to :

(A) use a questionnaire (A)

(B) use a lie detector (B)

(C) ask a friend (C)

(D) ask a parent (D)

6. Effort to fend off stressful situations 6.
before they occur are called :

(A) Emotion-focused coping
(A)
(B) problem-focused coping
(B)
(C) Self-efficacy (C)
(D) Proactive coping (D)

7. The cultural test bias hypothesis 7.
states :

(A) group differences reflect (A)
artifacts of the test

(B) difference in performance is due (B)
to differences in culture

(C) the bias resides in cultural (C)
aspects like poverty

(D) we need to test the entire (D)
culture to assess bias

5 [P.T.O.

8. Strictly speaking, a typical true-false 8.

personality scale is an example of

a(n) scale :

(A) nominal
(A)
(B) ordinal
(B)
(C) ratio
(C)
(D) interval (D)

9. For an experiment comparing 9.
more than two treatment conditions

you should use analysis of

variance rather than separate t-tests

because :

(A) A test based on variance is
(A)
more sensitive

(B) You are less likely to make a
(B)
mistake in the computation of

ANOVA
(C) II
(C) ANOVA has less risk of

Type II error
(D) I
(D) ANOVA has less risk of a

Type I error

6

10. Which of the following pair of 10.
psychotherapeutic orientations
adopt a basically optimistic view of
life ?

(A) Cognitive-behavioural and (A)
experimental

(B) Cognitive-behavioural and
(B)
psychoanalytic

(C) Experimental and existential
(C)
(D) Existential and psycho-
analytic (D)
11. Which of the following traits are 11.
more associated with creativity ?

(1) Low intelligence and (1)
persistence.
(2)
(2) Moderate to high intelligence
and curiosity.
(3)
(3) Non-conformity and persistence.

Codes :

(A) (1) and (2) (A) (1) (2)

(B) (2) and (3) (B) (2) (3)

(C) (1) and (3) (C) (1) (3)

(D) (1), (2) and (3) (D) (1), (2) (3)

7 [P.T.O.

12. Creativity is otherwise known as : 12.

(A) Imaginative thinking (A)

(B) Insightful thinking (B)

(C) Autistic thinking (C)

(D) Convergent thinking (D)

13. In ‘simple heuristics’, rather than 13.

aiming for the best solution to a

problem, people tend to choose the

first alternative that gives an

acceptable solution to the problem.

This is known as :

(A)
(A) a judgement call

(B)
(B) satisficing

(C) choosing among alternatives (C)

(D) solution-focused coping (D)

8

14. Skinner believed that reinforcement 14.
was necessary for an operant

behaviour to be acquired.

Observational learning, however,

demonstrates that a behaviour can

also be acquired as a result of :

(A) Punishment (A)

(B) Classical conditioning
(B)
(C) Observing another individual’s
(C)
behaviour and the reinforce-

ment of his behaviour

(D) Instinctive drift (D)

15. Behaviour modification programmes 15.
may be designed to :

(A) increase response strength (A)

(B) reduce response strength (B)

(C) either increase or decrease (C)

response strength

(D) neither increase nor decrease (D)

response strength

9 [P.T.O.

16. “Automatic thoughts” is a term 16.
encountered in the following model
of psychotherapy : (A)
(A) Mindfulness based approaches
(B) Hypnotherapy (B)
(C) Cognitive behaviour therapy (C)
(D) dialectical behaviour therapy (D)
17. Match List I with List II and select 17. I II
the correct answer using codes
given below :
I
List I
(Theorists)
(P)
(P) Alderfer
(Q)
(Q) Herzberg
(R)
(R) Vroom
(S)
(S) Maslow
II
List II
(Theories)
(1) Hierarchy of needs (1)

(2) Valence (2)

(3) Two-factors (3)

(4) ERG needs (4)

Codes :
(P) (Q) (R) (S) (P) (Q) (R) (S)
(A) (4) (3) (2) (1) (A) (4) (3) (2) (1)
(B) (3) (4) (1) (2) (B) (3) (4) (1) (2)
(C) (1) (2) (3) (4) (C) (1) (2) (3) (4)
(D) (2) (1) (4) (3) (D) (2) (1) (4) (3)
10

18. A : OECD attempts to study the 18. A :
economic importance of education.
R : Educational attainments have
R :
a significant effect on countries’
economic performance.
(A) A and R are both true and R (A) A R
is the correct explanation for A R A
(B) A and R are both true but R (B) A R
is not the correct explanation
R A
for A
(C) A R
(C) A is true but R is false
(D) A is false but R is true (D) A R

19. In general, when it comes to infants 19.
cognitive development, it appears
that Piaget :
(A) overestimated infants (A)

(B) underestimated infants (B)
(C) was more accurate about (C)
cognitive development
(D) overestimated the role of
culture (D)

20. Reciprocal helping and kin selection 20.
are two main kinds of helping,
according to the :
(A) arousal : cost-reward model (A)
(B) empathy-altruism hypothesis (B)
(C) negative state relief model (C)
(D) evolutionary perspective (D)
11 [P.T.O.

21. People are most likely to be in a state
21.
of cognitive dissonance if they :

(A) Experience no physiological

around (A)

(B) Engage in attitude-inconsistent
(B)
behaviour

(C) Engage in attitude-consistent (C)

behaviour
(D)
(D) Experience negative un-

foreseeable consequences

22. Ordinal scales : 22.

(A) involve rank (A)

(B) have true zero (B)

(C) have equal intervals (C)

(D) have an arbitrary zero (D)

12

23. A psychologist who claims that Test 23.

X can predict a behaviour with 100% 100%

accuracy, most likely is breaking the

ethical principle of :

(A) competence (A)

(B) integrity (B)

(C) respect of privacy (C)

(D) concern for others’ welfare (D)

24. A repeated measure experiment and 24.

an independent measure experiment

both produce t -statistics with

df = 20. Which experiment used (df = 20)

more subjects ?

(A) They both used n = 21 subjects (A) n = 21

(B) They both used n = 22 subjects (B) n = 22

(C) Independent measures (C)

(D) Repeated measures (D)

13 [P.T.O.

25. The notion that abnormality is due 25.

to denial of thoughts and feelings

because self-actualization has been

thwarted is found in the :

(A)
(A) Psychodynamic approach

(B)
(B) Existential-humanistic approach

(C) Behavioural approach (C)

(D) Biological-medical approach (D)

26. Guilford’s tests are typically 26.

characterized by :

(A) Highly creative instructions (A)

(B) One correct answer per item (B)

(C) Very brief time periods (C)

(D) Lack of a theoretical framework (D)

14

27. If an “if P then Q” clause the ‘Q’ 27.

term is called :

(A) A conditional (A)

(B) The antecedent (B)

(C) A connective (C)

(D) The consequent (D)

28. The easier it is for people to 28.

remember on instance in which they

were betrayed by a friend, the more

they except such an event to recur,

this best illustrates the impact of :

(A)
(A) The heuristic principle

(B)
(B) The example principle

(C)
(C) The analogical problem solving

(D) Means-end analysis (D)

15 [P.T.O.

29. At preschool Priyanka has learned 29.
that she must wash her hands before

snack-time in order to get a snack.

At home, she has started to wash

her hands before eating. Priyanka’s

behaviour illustrates the process of :
(A)
(A) Stimulus generalization
(B)
(B) Response generalization
(C)
(C) Response discrimination

(D) Stimulus discrimination (D)

30. When a child asks for a candy only 30.
when at the grocery store with their

grandmother and not when with

their mother, the presence of their

grandmother is acting as a :

(A) Discriminating stimulus
(A)
(B) Observational learning

(C) Variable-interval reinforcement (B)

schedule
(C)
(D) Fixed-ratio reinforcement

schedule (D)

16

31. Read the following statements and 31.

choose the correct answer from the
(1)
options given below :

(1) A pneumoencephalogram is also
(2)
called an air encephalogram

(2) The procedure involves a

lumbar puncture (3)

(3) CSF is withdrawn and replaced

with air, oxygen or helium
(4)

(4) Pneumoencephalograms do not

show the ventricular system

Codes :
(A) (1) (2)
(A) (1) and (2) only

(B) (1), (2) (3)
(B) (1), (2) and (3) only

(C) (1), (3) (4)
(C) (1), (3) and (4) only

(D) (1), (2), (3) and (4) (D) (1), (2), (3) (4)

17 [P.T.O.

32. Down’s syndrome is associated 32.

with :
(A) 21

(A) Trisomy 21

(B)
(B) Cri du chat syndrome

(C) XXY
(C) XXY chromosome combination

(D) XO chromosome aberration (D) XO

33. Religious leaders are more likely
33.

to be :
(A)

(A) Charismatic

(B)
(B) Transformational

(C)
(C) Authoritarian

(D) Task oriented (D)

18

34. Match List I with List II and select 34. I II
the correct answer using codes
given below :
I
List I

(Theorists)
(P)
(P) Freud
(Q)
(Q) McDougall
(R)
(R) Kohlberg
(S)
(S) Mayer
II
List II

(Concepts)
(1)
(1) Curiosity instinct
(2)
(2) Life instinct
(3)
(3) Emotional development

(4) Moral development (4)

Codes :

(P) (Q) (R) (S) (P) (Q) (R) (S)

(A) (3) (4) (1) (2) (A) (3) (4) (1) (2)

(B) (1) (2) (3) (4) (B) (1) (2) (3) (4)

(C) (2) (1) (4) (3) (C) (2) (1) (4) (3)

(D) (4) (3) (2) (1) (D) (4) (3) (2) (1)

19 [P.T.O.

35. Preschoolers are able to learn the 35.

meaning of words after only a brief

encounter. This is also known as :

(A) Synaptic explosion (A)

(B) Word unification (B)

(C) Social speech (C)

(D) Fast mapping (D)

36. Which one of the following is 36.

the recent perspectives in Social

Psychology ?
(A)
(A) Social neuroscience

(B)
(B) Behavioural

(C)
(C) Evolutionary

(D) Cross-cultural (D)

20

37. Angiography is used to examine the 37.

following in the brain :

(A) Myelin distribution (A)

(B) Vascular system (B)

(C) Cell degeneration (C)

(D) Sugar absorption (D)

38. Lumbar punctures can be used to 38.

diagnose :
(1)

(1) Bacterial meningitis
(2)
(2) Viral infections
(3)
(3) Brain abcess and tumor
(4)
(4) Multiple sclerosis

Codes :
(A) (1) (2)
(A) (1) and (2) only

(B) (2) (3)
(B) (2) and (3) only

(C) (2), (3) (4)
(C) (2), (3) and (4)

(D) (1), (2), (3) and (4) (D) (1), (2), (3) (4)

21 [P.T.O.

39. Which of the following are the 39.
ethical practice(s) observed while
using psychological tests ?

(1) Maintaining the test results
(1)
confidential.
(2)
(2) Obtaining informed consent
from participants.
(3)
(3) Communicating test results to
adults only.

Codes :

(A) (1) only (A) (1)

(B) (2) only (B) (2)

(C) (1) and (2) (C) (1) (2)

(D) (2) and (3) (D) (2) (3)

40. Which one of the following is not a 40.
requirement for the use of Pearson’s
correlation coefficient ?
(A)
(A) Linear relationship
(B)
(B) Random sampling
(C)
(C) Normal distribution

(D) Large sample size (D)

22

41. Carl Roger’s belief that “people 41.

possess an innate push toward

positive growth and change” is

called :

(A) Self-fulfillment (A)

(B) Need for achievement (B)

(C) Striving for superiority (C)

(D) Unconditional positive regard (D)

42. In regard to the relationship 42.
between Torrance test scores and

intelligence test scores :

(A) there is a pattern of very high

correlation (A)

(B) the relationship is substantial

but only in children
(B)

(C) there is a pattern of low
(C)
correlations
(D)
(D) there is a significant relation-

ship but only in the elderly

23 [P.T.O.

43. Cognitive consonance occurs when : 43.

(A) A person devaluates importance
(A)
of cognition

(B) Two cognitions have nothing in
common (B)

(C) A cognition contradicts an (C)
initial thought or belief

(D) State of harmony and internal
(D)
consistency arising from
compatibility among a person’s
attitudes, behaviour etc.

44. Which of the following mnemonics 44.
are used for improvement of
memory ?

(1) Imagery (1)

(2) Method of loci (2)

(3) Organization (3)

(4) Closure (4)

Codes :

(A) (1) and (2) (A) (1) (2)

(B) (1) and (3) (B) (1) (3)

(C) (2) and (3) (C) (2) (3)

(D) (3) and (4) (D) (3) (4)

24

45. An operantly conditioned response
45.

that is very durable and relatively

hard to extinguish is said to show :

(A) High association with rein-

forcement (A)

(B) Low association with rein-
(B)
forcement

(C)
(C) High resistance to extinction

(D) Low resistance to extinction (D)

46. When noise presentation is 46.

responded to with a “no” (for signal

presence) it is called a :

(A) hit (A)

(B) correct rejection (B)

(C) miss (C)

(D) fabe alarm (D)

25 [P.T.O.

47. Weber’s fraction is a measure of : 47.

(A) Absolute threshold (A)

(B) Difference threshold (B)

(C) Sensory adaptation (C)

(D) Approximate threshold (D)

48. Folie à deux is a type of : 48.

(A) Anxiety disorder
(A)
(B) Depressive disorder
(B)
(C) Delusional disorder
(C)
(D) Sleep disorder (D)
49. Which of the following are the 49.
components of training programme
evaluation ?
(1)
(1) Reaction
(2)
(2) Learning
(3)
(3) Positive attitude
(4)
(4) Result

Codes :

(A) (1) and (2) (A) (1) (2)

(B) (2) and (3) (B) (2) (3)

(C) (1), (2) and (3) (C) (1), (2) (3)

(D) (1), (2) and (4) (D) (1), (2) (4)
26

50. Which of the following is not true 50.
about the dialogic teaching ?

(A) It is collective (A)

(B) It is individualistic (B)

(C) It is reciprocal (C)

(D) It is cumulative (D)

51. According to Kohlberg, moral 51.
development proceeds from a
concern with :
(1)
(1) Rewards and punishment
(2)
(2) Through a focus on social
conventions and rules

(3) Toward a sense of Universal (3)

Moral Principle (4)

(4) The development of super-ego

Select the correct option from the
codes given below :

Codes :
(A) (1), (3) (4)
(A) (1), (3) and (4) only
(B) (2), (3) (4)
(B) (2), (3) and (4) only
(C) (1), (2) (3)
(C) (1), (2) and (3) only

(D) (1), (2) and (4) only (D) (1), (2) (4)

27 [P.T.O.

52. Which period of development is
52.

characterized by establishing

independence, developing an

identity and thinking more

abstractly ?

(A)
(A) Middle childhood

(B)
(B) Late childhood

(C) Adolescence (C)

(D) Early adulthood (D)

53. Electromyography is the electrical 53.

analysis of :

(A) Muscles (A)

(B) Bones (B)

(C) Muscles and bones (C)

(D) Blood flow (D)

28

54. If X 1, X 2 and X3 are predictor 54. X1, X2 X3

variables and Y is the criterion Y

variable, which one of the following

will produce the coefficient of

multiple correlation ?
(A) X1 Y

(A) Correlation of X1 with Y
(B) X1, X2 X3

(B) Correlation of X1, X2 and X3
(C) X 1 , X 2 , X 3 Y

(C) Correlation of X1, X2, X3 and Y

(D) Correlation of X1, X2 and X3 (D) X1, X2 X3 Y

with Y

55. The existential-humanistic approach 55.

typically states that humans have

an inborn drive to :

(A) Maintain equilibrium (A)

(B) Self-actualize (B)

(C) Reduce tension (C)

(D) Increase ego-strength (D)

29 [P.T.O.

56. An external goal that has the
56.

capacity to motivate behaviour is

referred to as :

(A)
(A) An incentive

(B)
(B) A drive

(C) A homeostatic mechanism (C)

(D) An expectancy (D)

57. Which component of an emotion
57.

refers to the bodily arousal of that

emotion ?
(A)
(A) Cognitive

(B)
(B) Physiological

(C)
(C) Affective

(D) Behavioural (D)

30

58. A person’s knowledge about the 58.

world is also known as their :

(A) Semantic memory (A)

(B) Implicit memory (B)

(C) Consciousness (C)

(D) Long-term memory (D)

59. Loss of memory for events that a 59.

person experienced prior to some

traumatic injury to the brain is

called :
(A)
(A) Proactive interference

(B)
(B) Retractive interference

(C)
(C) Anterograde amnesia

(D) Retrograde amnesia (D)

31 [P.T.O.

60. In signal detection a liberal criterion 60.
will produce points :

(A) Below no bias line
(A)
(B) Near no bias line
(B)
(C) Above no bias line (C)
(D) Far below no bias line (D)

61. Paraphilias are disorders pertaining 61.
to :

(A) Sexual functioning (A)

(B) Sleep (B)

(C) Appetite (C)

(D) Social behaviours (D)

62. Visioning exercise in organization 62.
has the primary objective of :

(A) Improving visual acuity among
employees
(A)
(B) Enhancing leadership effective-
ness (B)

(C) Training employees to enhance (C)
commitment to organization

(D) Bridging the gap between
(D)
individual and organization’s
goals
32

63. Which of the following is not true 63.

about the principle of growth and

development ?
(A)
(A) Development is predictable
(B)
(B) Development is spiral and non-
(C)
linear

(C) It moves from specific to general

(D)
(D) Development is non-spiral and

linear

64. According to Erikson, individuals in 64.
late adulthood engage in looking

back over their lives, evaluating

their experiences, and coming to

terms with decisions. This is also

known as :

(A) ego transcendence Vs . ego
(A)
preoccupied
(B)
(B) acceptance of growing old

(C) generativity Vs. stagnation (C)

(D) ego integrity Vs. despair (D)

33 [P.T.O.

65. Who developed the first major theory 65.

that emphasized the role of social

and cultural context in cognition and

language development ?

(A) Lev Vygotsky (A)

(B) Noam Chomsky (B)

(C) Roger Brown (C)

(D) Freud (D)

66. Evoked potentials are also called : 66.

(A) nuclear potentials (A)

(B) seizure potentials (B)

(C) cognitive potentials (C)

(D) event related potentials (D)

34

67. MRI or magnetic resonance
67.

imaging :

(1)
(1) Depends on hydrogen proton

alignment. (2)

(2) Provides superior pictures
(3)
than CT.

(3) Results from a combination of

radio waves and magnetic
(4)

field.

(4) Requires radioactive isotopes.

Codes : (A) (1) (2)

(A) (1) and (2) only
(B) (2) (3)

(B) (2) and (3) only
(C) (1), (2) (3)
(C) (1), (2) and (3) only

(D) (1), (2) (3) (4)
(D) (1), (2) (3) and (4)

35 [P.T.O.

68. An analysis of variance is conducted
68.

on the data in a 3 × 3 factorial
3×3
design (two factors, each having

three levels) involving one

dependent variable. For this

analysis, what would be the total

number of interaction terms ?
(A)
(A) One
(B)
(B) Two

(C)
(C) Six

(D) Nine (D)

69. Popular responses on the Rorschach 69.

are always :

(A) Infrequent (A)

(B) Space responses (B)

(C) F+ responses (C) F+

(D) F– responses (D) F–

36

70. Which of the following behaviour is 70.

consistent with a drive theory of

motivation ?

(A)
(A) Eating an apple when hungry

(B) Eating dessert after a large (B)

meal

(C) Looking up information in the
(C)
encyclopedia

(D) ‘A’ Grade
(D) Studying hard to earn an ‘A’ on

the test

71. Cannon-Bard theory of emotion 71.

focuses on which determinants of

emotion ?
(A)
(A) Psychological
(B)
(B) Behavioural

(C)
(C) Cognitive

(D) Neural (D)

37 [P.T.O.

72. One of the most effective ways to 72.

make our memory distinctive is to

use :

(A) Mental cues (A)

(B) Mental rehearsal (B)

(C) Mental imagery (C)

(D) Mental concentration (D)

73. Which of the following is not a 73.

memory stage included in the

Atkinson-Shiffrin’s model of

memory ?
(A)
(A) Long-term memory

(B)
(B) Short-term memory

(C)
(C) Semantic memory

(D) Sensory memory (D)

38

74. The law of Pragnanz states that of 74.

all available possibilities :

(A) the most familiar will be
(A)
perceived

(B) the best, simplest, most stable (B)

will be perceived
(C)
(C) the largest will be perceived

(D)
(D) the smallest will be perceived

75. Researchers have demonstrated 75.

that poor children perceive coins

as :

(A) Smaller than they actually are (A)

(B) Larger than they actually are
(B)
(C) About the same size as they

actually are (C)

(D) Sometimes larger and
(D)
sometimes smaller than they

actually are

39 [P.T.O.

ROUGH WORK

40

41 [P.T.O.

42

43 [P.T.O.

44

45 [P.T.O.

46

47 [P.T.O.

ROUGH WORK

48

49 [P.T.O.