NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Geography (Practical Work In Geography) Field Surveys [Old Book]

NCERT
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 12th

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Book : Geography practical book Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 5 Social Science Geography

Class : 12th

Subject : Geography

Chapter : 5

Chapter Name : Field Surveys

Q1 Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below :

(i) Which one of the following helps most in planning for a field survey ?

(a) Personal Interviews

(b) Secondary Information

(c) Measurements

(d) Experimentation

(ii) Which one of the following is taken up at the conclusion of a field survey ?

(a) Data entry and Tabulation

(b) Report Writing

(c) Computation of Indices

(d) None of the above

(iii) What is most important at the initial stages of field survey ?

(a) Outlining the Objectives

(b) Collection of Secondary Information

(c) Defining the spatial and thematic coverages

(d) Sample Design

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Book : Geography practical book Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 5 Social Science Geography

(iv) What level of information is acquired during a field survey ?

(a) Macro level information

(b) Maso level information

(c) Micro level information

(d) All of the above levels of information

Answers

(i) (a) Personal Interviews

(ii) (b) Report writing

(iii) (a) outlining the objectives

(iv) (a) Macro level information

Page : 84 , Block Name : Multiple Choice Questions

Q2 Answer the following questions in about 30 words :

(i) Why is a field survey required ?

(ii) List the tools and techniques used during a field survey?

(ii) Tools and Techniques in field survey involve :

(iii) What type of coverages need to defined before undertaking a field survey ?

(iv) Describe survey design in brief.

(v) Why is the well-structured questionnaire important for a field survey ?

Answer.

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Book : Geography practical book Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 5 Social Science Geography

(i) Field surveys involves collection of data regarding patterns of distributions as observed at
local levels of the problem at hand as per pre-decided considerations. Eg Census data
collection by door to door surveys. This facilitates the collection of authentic information that is
not always possible via secondary sources. Therefore field surveys are required.

(ii)

(i) Looking at Recorded and Published Data of the identified problem.

(ii) Field Observation - Observing the characteristics and associations of geographic
phenomena.

(iii) Measurement - using appropriate equipment to measure the characteristics precisely.

(iv) Interviewing - Sharing and inquiring correct information from each individual about his/her
living either through pre-structured questionnaires and schedules or through participatory
appraisal methods.

(iii) Before undertaking a field survey it is important to define the spatial, temporal and thematic
aspects clearly. Defining spatial aspect leads to proper identification and extent of region to be
covered. Defining temporal aspect helps to study problem more effectively and bring forth
changes in levels. Defining the thematic aspect helps to narrow down on the determinants and
characteristics to focus on.

(iv) A survey is a collection of questions to gather data from people about their choices,
preferences ,decisions, conditions etc. Survey design is the process of making such surveys
and undertaking survey research. Survey design plays an instrumental role and its effective
formulation that is asking good questions is very crucial. A good survey design should Identify
the correct questions, make questions simple to ask and understand, keep survey brief and
relevant, avoid technical jargon etc.

(v) A well structured questionnaire is important because :

1. It uses exact wording and that helps to get accurate information from respondents.
2. Arranging questions in a proper and logical manner is one of the characteristics of a well
structured questionnaire and this helps during collection, analysing and conclusion of the
entire process.

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Book : Geography practical book Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 5 Social Science Geography

3. Makes the experience easy, simple and hassle-free.
4. Helps to reduce errors and bias of both investigator and respondents.

Page : 84 , Block Name : Short Answer

Q3 Design a field survey on any one of the following problems :

(a) Environmental Pollution

(b) Soil Degradation

(c) Floods

(d) Energy Issues

(e) Land Use Change Detection

Answer. Field Survey on the problem of Floods

Objectives​ : To identify and record areas experiencing recurrent floods.

Coverage ​:

Spatial - A flood prone area of Brahmaputra Valley.

Temporal - To check average responses to heavy rainfall. The problem pertains to flood.
Thematically the assessment for agricultural production and crop land use rainfall and
vegetation status needs to be carried out.

Secondary Information Sources​ : Maps and data pertaining to the rainfall, crop production and
population for flood affected areas in Brahmaputra Valley.

Map​ : 1: 50000 and large scale topographical maps of the flood affected areas are needed.

Observation​ : Information about the heavy rainfall and damage of crops. Photographs and
sketches of the area can give more information.

Measurement​ : The map shows the regions of the flood.

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Book : Geography practical book Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 5 Social Science Geography

Interviewing​ : We interviewed some people of the affected area and collect information related
to flood, crops, livestock and domestic water supply, etc.

Tabulation​ : After completing the survey, the information data were tabulated for easy
processing and interpretation.

Page : 84 , Block Name : Long Answer

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