CBSE Class 12 History Question Paper 2020 Set 61-4-2 Solutions

Strictly Confidential: (For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior School Certificate Examination-2020
Marking Scheme – HISTORY
(SUBJECT CODE : 027) (PAPER CODE : 61/4/2)
General Instructions: -

1. You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious
problems which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching
profession. To avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you must
read and understand the spot evaluation guidelines carefully. Evaluation is a 10-12
days mission for all of us. Hence, it is necessary that you put in your best efforts
in this process.
2. Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should
not be done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking
Scheme should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while
evaluating, answers which are based on latest information or knowledge and/or
are innovative, they may be assessed for their correctness otherwise and marks
be awarded to them.
3. The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each
evaluator on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the
instructions given in the Marking Scheme. The remaining answer books meant for
evaluation shall be given only after ensuring that there is no significant variation in the
marking of individual evaluators.
4. Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer ‘X”be marked.
Evaluators will not put right kind of mark while evaluating which gives an impression that
answer is correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which
evaluators are committing.
5. If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks
awarded for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the
left-hand margin and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
6. If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin
and encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
7. If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more
marks should be retained and the other answer scored out.
8. No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized
only once.
9. A full scale of marks 0-80 has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if
the answer deserves it.
10. Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e. 8 hours
every day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer books
per day in other subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).
11. Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the
Examiner in the past:-
 Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
 Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
 Wrong totaling of marks awarded on a reply.
 Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
 Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
 Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
 Wrong grand total.
 Marks in words and figures not tallying.
 Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
 Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick mark
is correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the X for
incorrect answer.)

 Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks
awarded.

12. While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it should
be marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.

13. Any unassessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error
detected by the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the
evaluation work as also of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all
concerned, it is again reiterated that the instructions be followed meticulously and
judiciously.

14. The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the Guidelines
for spot Evaluation before starting the actual evaluation.

15. Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over
to the title page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.

16. The Board permits candidates to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request in an
RTI application and also separately as a part of the re-evaluation process on payment of
the processing charges.

MARKING SCHEME HISTORY-027
CLASS XII
AISSCE, MARCH 2020
CODE NO. Set-61/4/2

Q.NO EXPECTED ANSWERS/ VALUE POINTS PAGE NO. MARKS
PART - A
1 Gold Coins issued by Kushanas – They were the first rulers to issue Pg 45 1
gold coins. Their gold coins were identical with those issued by Roman
and Parthian rulers.
Gold Coins issued by Guptas-Were most spectacular and known for
their purity and used for long distance transactions.
2 c – (1),(4),(3) and (2) Pg 173 1
3 Kautilya (Chanakya) Pg 32 1
OR
Chandragupta Maurya
4 Jajmani System Pg 205 1
5 John Marshall Pg 20 1
6 d- He did well being of society through Dhamma. Pg 47 1
7 c- 1,2 & 3 Pg 16 1
8 Sand stone Sculpture of Kushana King (Kanishka) Pg 37 1
For Visually impaired ….Coins/ Sculpture/ Inscriptions/ etc. (Any one)
9 a- Rajagraha Pg 31 1
10 a – He was Qazi during Muhammad Bin Tughlaq’s empire Pg 118 1
11 a- Montesquieu Pg 132 1
12 Mansabdari System Pg 214 1
13 d – (i)-b, (ii) – c, (iii) – a, (iv)- d Pg.
202,213
14 Jean Baptiste Tavernier Pg- 122 1
15 Fort Williams Pg 324
OR
Fort St. George
16 c-Joseph Noel Pg-309 1

17 d- Its data was uniformly collected from all provinces. Pg 220 1

18 a- (1)and( 2) only Pg 321 1

19 a- Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) Pg 339 1

1

20 a- Wajid Ali Shah was an unpopular ruler. Pg 296 1

PART- B

21 Ryotwari System and Ryots

i. The revenue was settled with the ryots.
ii. The revenue that was demanded was so high which ryots were
not able to pay. They deserted their villages and migrated.
iii. Collectors extracted payment from ryots with utmost severity.
iv. Inability to pay the loan led to seizure of crops and imposition
of fine on the whole village.
v. Ryots borrowed loans from money lenders at high rate of
interest.
vi. Ryots got into high debts.
vii. Limitation law, customary laws were violated.
viii. Any other relevant point
Any three points to be explained with examples

Pg 278
3
22 Features of the Virupaksha Temple
i. Devoted to god Virupaksha and goddess Pampadevi.
ii. The Hall in front of main shrine was built by Krishna Deva Raya
to mark his accession.
iii. Decorated with carved pillars.
iv. Eastern Gopuram was built by Krishnadeva Raya.
v. Hall in the temple was used for various purposes.
vi. Special images were kept in small central shrine.
vii. Any other relevant point Pg-186- 3
Any three to be described. 187

23 G.B. Pant on Separate Electorate
i. He openly rejected the separate electorate and declared that it was
not only harmful for the nation but also for the minorities
ii. It was considered as a suicidal demand
iii. It would permanently isolate the minorities and make them
vulnerable.
iv. It would deprive them of any effective say within the government.
v. Any other relevant point Pg 418 3
Any three to be explained.

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24 Principles of classification by archaeologists for piecing together the
past

i. Classification in terms of materials such as stone, clay, metal,
bone, Ivory etc.
ii. In terms of functions an artifact is a tool or an ornament.
iii. By investigating the context in which it was found.
iv. Archeologist researched through indirect evidences like traces of
cotton at Harappan site.
v. Archeologist have developed frame of reference in context of
place in cultural sequence and comparison with finds in
Mesopotamia.
vi. Any other relevant point
Any three points to be justified with examples Pg-22 3

OR
Harappan Script as an Enigmatic script

i. Script remains undeciphered till date
ii. Longestt inscription contain about 26 signs.
iii. It is not alphabetical
iv. It has too many signs between 375-400
v. Script was written from right to left.
vi. Any other relevant point

Any three points to be enumerated.
Pg-15 3
PART- C
25 V.S. Suthankar and reconstruction of Social history
i. Indian Sanskritist V.S. Suthankar tried to prepare critical
edition of Mahabharata.
ii. Collected manuscripts of text from different parts of the
country.
iii. Team compared verses from each manuscript
iv. Published the common verses in 13,000 pages.
v. Common elements in the Sanskrit versions of the story found in
the sub-continent
vi. Found regional variations in regional versions
vii. Variations were documented in footnotes and appendices
viii. Variations shaped early and later social history through local
ideas and practices

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ix. Issues of social history was explored by historians
x. Initially, it was believed that everything laid in the text was
practiced
xi. From the works in Pali, Prakrit and Tamil it was indicated that
ideas contained in normative Sanskrit texts were on the whole
recognized as authoritative.
xii. They were also questioned and rejected
xiii. Examples from Mahabharata like: Families based on kinfolk, Pg 54 8
the ideal of patriliny was important and valuable, rules of
marriage like polygamy and polyandry are reflected,
Mahabharata reinforced that Varna system was of divine origin
xiv. Any other relevant point

To be assessed as a whole.

OR

Life of untouchables
i. People outside the system were called as untouchables by the
Brahmans.
ii. They were considered impure.
iii. They used to do polluting activities like handling corpses and
dead animals.
iv. Were called as Chandalas.
v. Were placed at the bottom of hierarchy.
vi. Manusmriti laid down the duties of the Chandalas such as: They
had to live outside the village.
vii. They had to use discarded utensils.
viii. Wore clothes of dead and iron ornaments. Pg- 65 8
ix. They could not walk in villages and cities at night.
x. They had to sound clapper in the streets.
xi. They had to work as executioners and scavengers.
xii. They led the life of degradation
xiii. Any other relevant point

To be assessed as a whole.
26 Physical arrangement of Mughal Court
i. It focused on the sovereign, mirrored his status as the heart of
society.
ii. Takht gave physical form of sovereign as axis mundi.
iii. The canopy a symbol of kingship in India was believed to

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separate the radiance of sun from that of the sovereign.
iv. Chronicles lay down with great precision the rules defining status
amongst the Mughal elites. In court, status was determined by
spatial proximity to the king.
v. No one was allowed to move without the permission of king.
vi. Court courtesies were followed.
vii. Deeper prostration represented higher statu . The highest form of
submission was sijda or complete prostration. Under Shah Jahan,
these rituals were replaced with chahar taslim and zaminbos.
viii. Explicit protocols for governing diplomatic envoys.
ix. Jharokha Darshan
x. Diwan-i-am as public hall.
xi. Diwan-i-Khas for confidential discussions.
Pg- 237- 8
xii. Celebration of certain special occasions in the court
241
xiii. Celebration of three major festivals a year – solar and lunar
birthdays of the monarch and nauroz
xiv. Any other relevant point
To be evaluated as a whole

OR

Imperial officials as bouquet of flowers
i. Important pillar for smooth functioning of administration.
ii. Held together by loyalty towards kings.
iii. Turanis, Iranians, Arab, Turks, Tatars, Russians and other nobles
were part of empire.
iv. Rajputs and Indian Muslims joined the imperial service
v. Marital Alliances with various empires - for example Amber
vi. Members of Hindu castes inclined towards education and
accountancy were also promoted – e.g. Raja Todar Mal
vii. Iranians gained high offices under Jahangir
viii. Mansabdari system was followed.
ix. Nobles participated in military campaigns with armies and also
served as officers.
x. Emperor personally checked their titles and ranks and official
postings for all except lower ranks.
xi. They were powerful, wealthy and well reputed.
xii. Any other relevant point Pg- 244 -
To be evaluated as a whole 246 8

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27 “Though geographically and politically India is divided in to two, at
heart we shall ever be friends helping and respecting one another.”
Explain the statement given by Gandhiji-

i. Gandhiji had fought a lifelong battle for free and united India and
yet when the country was divided he urged that the two parts
should respect and befriend one another.
ii. Gandhiji wanted harmony between two nations and between
Hindus and Muslims.
iii. He did fasts to stop communal violence.
iv. He appealed to Sikhs, Hindus and Muslims to forget the past and
not to dwell on their sufferings.
v. He wanted peace.
vi. At his initiative, Congress passed a resolution on the right of
minorities.
vii. He wanted to provide equal rights to all Indians and India would
be a democratic secular state and all are equally entitled to the
secular protection of the state.
viii. He wanted to save people from aggression.
ix. According to D.G Tendulkar, “Gandhiji was concerned about
minorities in Pakistan.”
x. He wanted people to work collectively for the equality and no
domination by majority.
Pg- 365- 8
xi. Any other relevant point
366
To be evaluated as a whole.

OR

“Non Cooperation movement promoted harmony between religions
and created mass movement”

i. Hindus and Muslims collectively tried to end British rule.
ii. Movement unleashed a surge of popular movement.
iii. It entailed denial, renunciation and self discipline.
iv. Rowlatt Satyagraha and Khilafat movement promoted anti -
British feeling.
v. Students stopped going to schools and colleges.
vi. Lawyers refused to attend the law court.
vii. Working class went on strike
viii. The countryside showed discontent against the British
ix. Hill tribes in Andhra violated forest laws

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x. Farmers in Awadh did not pay taxes
xi. Peasants in Kumaun refused to carry loads for colonial officials
xii. Participation of women
xiii. Protest against local leadership
xiv. Peasants, workers and others interpreted and acted up on the call
to non - cooperate with colonial rules in ways best suited to their
interests
xv. Any other relevant point
To be evaluated as a whole Pg- 350- 8
351

28 What “Recovering” Women Meant

28.1 Explain any two reasons of massacre happened during partition of
India?
a) Communal frenzy
b) Preserving honour
c) Administration could not control riots
d) Any other relevant point
(Any two points) 2

28.2 Why were the social workers and police tracking down the young
couple?

a) To recover abducted women so as to rehabilitate them
b) Both belonged to different communities Sikh and Muslim. 2

Do you think the authorities were right in trying to take back the
28.3
girl? Explain reasons to support your answer.
a) The authorities were not supposed to interfere in the personal life
of married couple.
b) Because of their unnecessary interference the girl died. 2

(Views of the students should be taken into consideration) 2+2+2=
Pg-395 6

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29 The Therigatha

29.1 Explain the ideas of Punna with two examples.

i. She was against the Brahmanical rituals.
ii. She explained the essence of spirituality lies in eternal bliss.
iii. She laid emphasis on purity of soul.
(Any two points) 2

29.2 What justification did the Brahmana give for his daily dip in river .
i. Bathing rituals could prevent evils.
ii. Anything bad could be washed away by bathing in water. 2

Explain the core of Buddhist Philosophy that is conveyed through
29.3
their Gatha.
i. Buddha condemned caste system and rituals.
ii. Buddha urged people to seek enlightenment through spiritual
experience.
iii. The importance paid to conduct and values rather than rituals.
2
(Any two points) 2 Pg-93
+2+2=6
30 A Demon
Analyze how Karrikkal Ammiyar had depicted herself different
30.1
from the traditional nature of beauty.
a) She shed off her worldly beauty to attain the absolute devotion to
lord Shiva.
b) She described herself as protecting eyes, shrunken stomach,
jutting teeth and lengthy shins. 2
30.2 Analyze how this composition of Ammiyar pose a challenge to
patriarchal norms.
a) She defied patriarchal norms taking fearful image.
b) She rejected socially validated beauty.
c) She criticized the social order.
(Any two points) 2
30.3
Analyze any two aspects of renunciation of her social obligations.
a) Great devotion to lord Shiva and adopted path to extreme
asceticism
b) The incompatibility between virtues of women’s virtuosity.
c) She started wandering in the forests which she regarded as the
home of lord Shiva.
(Any two points) 2 Pg-145 2+2+2=
6

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31 See attached filled map: 1x6=6

For Visually Impaired candidates

a) Sacred places of Buddhism(any three places)
Nagarjunakonda , Sanchi , Amravati , Lumbini, Bharhut, Bodhgaya, 1x3=3
Ajanta.
OR
Imperial Mughal cities. (Any three places)
Agra, Lahore, Fatehpur Sikri, Shahjahanabad(Delhi).

1x3=3
b) Indian National Movement(any three places)
Champaran, Kheda, Ahmedabad, Banaras , Amritsar , Chauri Chaura,
Lahore, Bardoli , Dandi , Bombay , Karachi

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