CBSE Class 12 History Question Paper 2020 Set 61-4-3 Solutions

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Senior School Certificate Examination-2020
Marking Scheme – HISTORY
(SUBJECT CODE : 027) (PAPER CODE : 61/4/3)
General Instructions: -

1. You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious
problems which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching
profession. To avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you must
read and understand the spot evaluation guidelines carefully. Evaluation is a 10-12
days mission for all of us. Hence, it is necessary that you put in your best efforts
in this process.
2. Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should
not be done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking
Scheme should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while
evaluating, answers which are based on latest information or knowledge and/or
are innovative, they may be assessed for their correctness otherwise and marks
be awarded to them.
3. The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each
evaluator on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the
instructions given in the Marking Scheme. The remaining answer books meant for
evaluation shall be given only after ensuring that there is no significant variation in the
marking of individual evaluators.
4. Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer ‘X”be marked.
Evaluators will not put right kind of mark while evaluating which gives an impression that
answer is correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which
evaluators are committing.
5. If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks
awarded for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the
left-hand margin and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
6. If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin
and encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
7. If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more
marks should be retained and the other answer scored out.
8. No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized
only once.
9. A full scale of marks 0-80 has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if
the answer deserves it.
10. Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e. 8 hours
every day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer books
per day in other subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).
11. Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the
Examiner in the past:-
 Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
 Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
 Wrong totaling of marks awarded on a reply.
 Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
 Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
 Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
 Wrong grand total.
 Marks in words and figures not tallying.
 Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
 Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick mark
is correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the X for
incorrect answer.)

 Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks
awarded.

12. While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it should
be marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.

13. Any unassessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error
detected by the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the
evaluation work as also of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all
concerned, it is again reiterated that the instructions be followed meticulously and
judiciously.

14. The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the Guidelines
for spot Evaluation before starting the actual evaluation.

15. Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over
to the title page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.

16. The Board permits candidates to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request in an
RTI application and also separately as a part of the re-evaluation process on payment of
the processing charges.

MARKING SCHEME HISTORY-027
CLASS XII
AISSCE, MARCH 2020
CODE NO. Set-61/4/3

Q.NO EXPECTED ANSWERS/ VALUE POINTS PAGE NO. MARKS
PART - A
1 a- Rajagraha Pg 31 1
2 d- Its data was uniformly collected from all provinces. Pg 220 1
3 Jajmani System Pg 205 1
4 a- Montesquieu Pg 132 1
5 d – (i)-b, (ii) – c, (iii) – a, (iv)- d Pg. 1
202,213
6 c – (1),(4),(3) and (2) Pg 173 1
7 John Marshall Pg 20 1
8 d- He did well being of society through Dhamma. Pg 47 1
9 c- 1,2 & 3 Pg 16 1
10 Sand stone Sculpture of Kushana King (Kanishka) Pg 37 1
For Visually impaired ….Coins/ Sculpture/ Inscriptions/ etc. (Any
one)
11 Gold Coins issued by Kushanas – They were the first rulers to issue Pg 45 1
gold coins. Their gold coins were identical with those issued by
Roman and Parthian rulers.
Gold Coins issued by Guptas-Were most spectacular and known for
their purity and used for long distance transactions.
12 a – He was Qazi during Muhammad Bin Tughlaq‟s empire Pg 118 1
13 Kautilya (Chanakya) Pg 32 1
OR
Chandragupta Maurya
14 Francois Bernier Pg- 122 1
15 Mansabdari System Pg 214 1
16 c- Shah Mal Pg- 293 1

17 a- Both (A) and (R) all correct and (R) is the correct explanation of Pg 339 1
(A)
18 a- Wajid Ali Shah was an unpopular ruler. Pg 296 1

19 a- (1) and (2) only Pg 321 1

20 Fort Williams Pg 324 1
OR
Fort St. George

1

PART - B

21 Principles of classification by archaeologists for piecing together
the past

i. Classification in terms of materials such as stone, clay, metal,
bone, Ivory etc.
ii. In terms of functions an artifact is a tool or an ornament.
iii. By investigating the context in which it was found.
iv. Archeologist researched through indirect evidences like traces
of cotton at Harappan site.
v. Archeologist have developed frame of reference in context of
place in cultural sequence and comparison with finds in Pg-22 3

Mesopotamia.
vi. Any other relevant point
Any three points to be justified with examples

OR
Harappan Script as an Enigmatic script

i. Script remains undeciphered till date
ii. Longestt inscription contain about 26 signs.
iii. It is not alphabetical
iv. It has too many signs between 375-400 Pg-15 3
v. Script was written from right to left.
vi. Any other relevant point

Any three points to be enumerated.

22 Features of Vithala Temple:

i. Sculpture of Vishnu as principal deity.
ii. Several Halls and a unique shrine designed as a chariot.
iii. Chariot Street.
iv. Gopuram
v. Pillared pavilion.
vi. Streets were paved with stone slabs.
vii. Any other relevant point Pg- 188 3
Any Three points to be described.

2

23 Hindustani as the national language

i. Gandhiji felt that everyone should speak common language. It
was a popular language of a large section of India.
ii. Hindustani was a blend of Hindi and Urdu.
iii. Hindustani was a composite language.
iv. This multi cultural language was considered ideal for diverse
communities.
v. It was understood by people of various regions.
vi. It could unify Hindu and, Muslims and people of North and
south.
vii. Any other relevant point

Pg-425 3
Any Three points to be explained.
24 Ryotwari System and Ryots

i. The revenue was settled with the ryots.
ii. The revenue that was demanded was so high which ryots
were not able to pay. They deserted their villages and
migrated.
iii. Collectors extracted payment from ryots with utmost
severity.
iv. Inability to pay the loan led to seizure of crops and
imposition of fine on the whole village.
v. Ryots borrowed loans from money lenders at high rate of
interest.
vi. Ryots got into high debts.
vii. Limitation law, customary laws were violated.
viii. Any other relevant point
3
Any three points to be explained with examples Pg 278

PART - C

25 V.S. Suthankar and reconstruction of social history
i. Indian Sanskritist V.S. Suthankar tried to prepare critical
edition of Mahabharata.
ii. Collected manuscripts of text from different parts of the
country.
iii. Team compared verses from each manuscript
iv. Published the common verses in 13,000 pages.
v. Common elements in the Sanskrit versions of the story
found in the sub-continent

3

vi. Found regional variations in regional versions
vii. Variations were documented in footnotes and appendices
viii. Variations shaped early and later social history through local
ideas and practices
ix. Issues of social history was explored by historians
x. Initially, it was believed that everything laid in the text was
practiced
xi. From the works in Pali, Prakrit and Tamil it was indicated
that ideas contained in normative Sanskrit texts were on the
whole recognized as authoritative.
xii. They were also questioned and rejected
xiii. Examples from Mahabharata like: Families based on
kinfolk, the ideal of patriliny was important and valuable,
rules of marriage like polygamy and polyandry are reflected,
Mahabharata reinforced that Varna system was of divine
origin
xiv. Any other relevant point

To be assessed as a whole. Pg 54 8

OR

Life of untouchables
i. People outside the system were called as untouchables by the
Brahmans.
ii. They were considered impure.
iii. They used to do polluting activities like handling corpses and
dead animals.
iv. Were called as Chandalas.
v. Were placed at the bottom of hierarchy.
vi. Manusmriti laid down the duties of the Chandalas such as:
They had to live outside the village.
vii. They had to use discarded utensils.
viii. Wore clothes of dead and iron ornaments.
ix. They could not walk in villages and cities at night.
x. They had to sound clapper in the streets.
xi. They had to work as executioners and scavengers.
xii. They led the life of degradation
xiii. Any other relevant point

To be assessed as a whole.
Pg- 65 8

4

26 Akbar-Nama as a chronicle
i. Akbar Nama is based on a range of sources in actual records of
events, official documents and oral testimonies.
ii. It is divided into three books and third book is Ain-i-Akbari based
on manzil abadi, sipah abadi and mulk abadi.
iii. Abul Fazl worked for thirteen years for writing Akbar Nama and
repeatedly revised the draft.
iv. It was commissioned by Akbar.
v. Akbar-Nama contained paintings of battles, sieges, hunts, building
construction etc.
vi. Abul Fazl wrote in a language that was ornate and which attached
importance to diction and rhythm
vii. Abul Fazl shaped and articulated ideas associated with the reign of
Akbar.
viii. Akbar –Nama provided detailed description of Akbar‟s Empire.
ix. Political, Social, Economical, Geographical and cultural aspect of
Akbar‟s rule have been covered.
x. Composite culture has been covered.
xi. It placed Mughal kingship at the apex of hierarchy.
xii. Any other relevant point
Pg-231 8
To be assessed as a whole.

OR

Specific titles were assumed by the Mughal emperors and their
relationship with the continental powers.
i. Mughal emperors assumed general titles as Shahenshah(King of
Kings)
ii. Specific titles Jahangir (World seizer) was assumed
iii. Shahjahan (King of the world) was also assumed
iv. These titles and their meaning reiterated the claims of Mughal
emperors to uncontested territorial and political control.
v. The political and diplomatic relations between the Mughal kings
and neighboring countries of Iran and Turan hinged on the control
of frontiers defined by Hindukush mountains that separated
Afghanistan from Iran and Central Asia.
vi. Aim of Mughal foreign policy was to ward- off the potential
danger by controlling strategic outposts notably Kabul and
Qandhar.
vii. Qandhar was bone of contention between Safavids and Mughals.
Humayun and Akbar conquered it but Jahangir and Aurangzeb

5

failed.
viii. Relations between Mughals and Ottomans were diplomatic
because of trade and pilgrimage.
ix. Any other relevant point Pg- 248-
250 8
To be evaluated as a whole.
27 ”Mahatma Gandhi’s role was vital in the Non-cooperation
Movement”.
i. After the success of local movements- Champaran , Kheda and
Ahmedabad, Gandhiji started protest against Rowlatt Act,
Jalianwala Bagh Massacre by launching the Non
Cooperation Movement in 1920.
ii. It was Rowlatt Satyagraha that made Gandhiji a truly national
leader
iii. Features of Non Cooperation Movement (not to cooperate with
government at any level).
iv. Boycott of schools, college and law courts. National schools,
colleges were opened
v. Non payment of taxes
vi. Renunciation of titles and voluntary association with the
government
vii. If Non Cooperation Movement was effectively carried out said
Gandhiji, India would win swaraj with in a year.
viii. To further broaden the struggle he merged the Khilafat
movement with Non Cooperation Movement.
ix. Non Cooperation Movement was first mass movement which
made Gandhiji mass leader and also changed the course of
Indian history.
x. Gandhiji‟s followers were poor peasants, workers, students and
lawyers and also industrialists.
xi. Gandhiji successfully brought different factions together.
xii. After Chauri Chaura incident when Gandhiji withdrew the
movement, the movement collapsed. Therefore, it shows the Pg 348-
vital role of Gandhiji in the movement . 350 8

xiii. Louis Fisher American biographer of Gandhi wrote “Non
Cooperation Movement became the name of an epoch in the
life of India and Gandhiji… It was training for self rule.”
xiv. Any other relevant point

To be evaluated as a whole.

6

OR

“Quit India Movement became the mass movement”
i. After the failure of „Cripps Mission‟ Gandhiji launched Quit
India Movement and gave the slogan. “Do or Die”.
ii. Youth activists organized strikes
iii. They also organized acts of sabotage all over the country
iv. J.P. Narayan became active for underground resistance.
v. After Gandhiji‟s arrest, other leaders like Aruna Asaf Ali,
Sucheta Kriplani etc. became active and mobilized masses.
vi. In several districts, independent governments were proclaimed.
vii. In Satara, a parallel government Prati Sarkar was formed
viii. In Medinipur, independent government was proclaimed
ix. Youth left colleges and universities and went to jail
x. Many classes, castes and other categories joined the movement.
xi. British responded with much force
xii. Quit India Movement was violent but Gandhiji did not call off
the movement.
xiii. Gandhi ji tried to reduce gap between Congress and League in
1944.
xiv. Any other relevant point
Pg- 363- 8
To be evaluated as a whole.
364
28 A Demon

28.1 Analyze how Karrikkal Ammiyar had depicted herself different
from the traditional nature of beauty.

a) She shed off her worldly beauty to attain the absolute devotion
to lord Shiva.
b) She described herself as protecting eyes, shrunken stomach,
jutting teeth and lengthy shins. 2

Analyze how this composition of Ammiyar pose a challenge to
28.2
patriarchal norm.

a) She defied patriarchal norms taking fearful image.
b) She rejected socially validated beauty.
c) She criticized the social order.
(Any two points) 2

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28.3 Analyze any two aspects of renunciation of her social obligation

a) Great devotion to lord Shiva and adopted path to extreme
asceticism
b) The incompatibility between virtues of women‟s virtuosity.
c) She started wandering in the forests which she regarded as the
home of lord Shiva.
2+2+2 =6
(Any two points) 2 Pg-145
29 What Recovering Women Meant

29.1 Explain any two reasons of massacre happened during partition of
India
a) Communal frenzy
b) Preserving honour
c) Administration could not control riots
d) Any other relevant point
(Any two points) 2

Why were the social workers and police tracking down the young
29.2
couple?

a) To recover abducted women so as to rehabilitate them
b) Both belonged to different communities Sikh and Muslim. 2

29.3 Do you think the authorities were right in trying to take back the
girl? Explain reasons to support your answer.
a) The authorities were not supposed to interfere in the personal
life of married couple.
2+2+2=6
b) Because of their unnecessary interference the girl died. 2
Pg-395
(Views of the students should be taken into consideration)
30 The Therigatha

30.1 Explain the ideas of Punna with two examples?
i. She was against the Brahmanical rituals.
ii. She explained the essence of spirituality lies in eternal bliss.
iii. She laid emphasis on purity of soul.
(Any two points) 2
30.2 What justification did the Brahmana give for his daily dip in river
i. Bathing rituals could prevent evils.
ii. Anything bad could be washed away by bathing in water. 2

8

Explain the core of Buddhist Philosophy that is conveyed through
30.3
their Gatha?
i. Buddha condemned caste system and rituals.
ii. Buddha urged people to seek enlightenment through spiritual
experience.
iii. The importance paid to conduct and values rather than rituals.
(Any two points) 2 2 +2+2=6
Pg-93

31 See attached filled map: 1x6=6

For Visually Impaired candidates

a) Sacred places of Buddhism(any three places)
Nagarjunakonda , Sanchi , Amravati , Lumbini, Bharhut, Bodhgaya, 1x3=3
Ajanta.
OR
Imperial Mughal cities. (Any three places)
Agra, Lahore, Fatehpur Sikri, Shahjahanabad(Delhi).

1x3=3
b) Indian National Movement(any three places)
Champaran, Kheda, Ahmedabad, Banaras , Amritsar , Chauri Chaura,
Lahore, Bardoli , Dandi , Bombay , Karachi

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