Kerala PG Nursing 2023 Question Paper with Answer Key

FINAL ANSWER KEY

Exam: PGNSEPTEMBER2023
Date of Test: 16-09-2023

Question1:-Which of the following is a small muscle attached to the base of each hair follicle responsible for causing goos
A:-Temporalis muscle
B:-Sartorius muscle
C:-Arrector pili muscle
D:-Trapezius muscle
Question2:-Which of the following sutures is a fibrous joint that connects the parietal bones to the occipital bone at the ba
A:-Sagittal suture
B:-Lambdoid suture
C:-Squamous suture
D:-Coronal suture
Question3:-Which of the following is a thickening of connective tissue that covers the apex of each human lung?
A:-Parietal pleura
B:-Visceral pleura
C:-Endothoracic fascia
D:-Sibson's fascia
Question4:-Which of the following are specialized macrophages that line the liver sinusoids and remove bacteria, damage
blood?
A:-Kupffer cells
B:-Alveolar macrophages
C:-Langerhans cells
D:-Microglia
Question5:-Which of the following is the narrow medial strip that separates the cerebellum into two hemispheres that is re
movement?
A:-Archicerebellum
B:-Flocculus
C:-Vermis
D:-Paleocerebellum
Question6:-Which of the following muscles is responsible for contracting the urinary bladder to expel urine?
A:-Pubococcygeus muscle
B:-Internal urethral sphincter
C:-External urethral sphincter
D:-Detrusor muscle
Question7:-Which of the following is a type of immature red blood cell that is characterized by a large nucleus and basop
A:-Reticulocyte
B:-Pronormoblast
C:-Early normoblast
D:-Mature red blood cell
Question8:-Which of the following hormones is released by the small intestine in response to fat and protein digestion and
and bile?
A:-Gastrin
B:-Secretin
C:-Ghrelin
D:-Cholecystokinin (CCK)
Question9:-The lung capacity that remains after a normal exhalation is called:
A:-Functional residual capacity
B:-Inspiratory reserve volume
C:-Expiratory reserve volume
D:-Tidal volume

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Question10:-The dimensionless quantity that is used to characterize the transition from laminar to turbulent flow of blood
A:-Mach number
B:-Froude number
C:-Euler number
D:-Reynolds number
Question11:-The increase in metabolic rate that occurs after eating is called:
A:-Resting metabolic rate (RMR)
B:-Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
C:-Specific dynamic action (SDA)
D:-Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE)
Question12:-Which of the following cells are found in the seminiferous tubules of the testes and provide support and nour
A:-Spermatocytes
B:-Leydig cells
C:-Spermatogonia
D:-Sertoli cells
Question13:-Which of the following tests is used to detect the presence of bile salts in urine?
A:-Hay's test
B:-Fouchet's test
C:-Benedict's test
D:-Icto test
Question14:-Which of the following is the inactive form of an enzyme that requires a cofactor to become active?
A:-Holoenzyme
B:-Apoenzyme
C:-Substrate
D:-Inhibitor
Question15:-Which of the following is a neurological disorder caused by thiamine deficiency, characterized by confusion,
A:-Alzheimer's disease
B:-Parkinson's disease
C:-Multiple sclerosis
D:-Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
Question16:-Which of the following is the process of interconversion of two or more chemical species that differ only in th
atoms?
A:-Tautomerism
B:-Isomerism
C:-Resonance
D:-Hydration
Question17:-Which of the following is a small molecule that that cannot elicit an immune response on their own, but can d
molecule?
A:-Antibody
B:-Hapten
C:-T cell receptor
D:-MHC complex
Question18:-Which of the following is a rapidly progressing, necrotizing infection caused by Clostridium perfringens?
A:-Anthrax
B:-Tetanus
C:-Botulism
D:-Gas gangrene
Question19:-Which of the following scientists discovered the bacterium that causes plague?
A:-Alexander Yersin
B:-Robert Koch
C:-Louis Pasteur
D:-Jonas Salk

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Question20:-Which of the following is a tissue or organ transplant between individuals of the same species but with differe
A:-Allograft
B:-Autograft
C:-Xenograft
D:-Syngeneic graft
Question21:-Which of the following is a bacteriostatic drug used in the treatment of tuberculosis?
A:- Pyrazinamide
B:- Isoniazid
C:- Rifampin
D:- Ethambutol
Question22:-Which of the following is a delayed-type hypersensitivity skin test used to diagnose leprosy?
A:-Tine test
B:-Fernandez test
C:-Mantoux test
D:-Mitsuda test
Question23:-Which of the following amino acids is the first amino acid in all proteins?
A:- Valine
B:- Methionine
C:- Leucine
D:- Isoleucine
Question24:-Which of the following is the medical term for the presence of excessive amounts of fat in the stool?
A:- Steatorrhea
B:- Diarrhea
C:- Constipation
D:- Dysentery
Question25:-Which of the following is a method of water defluoridation?
A:- Electrodialysis
B:- Lime soda process
C:- Adsorption method
D:- Nalgonda technique
Question26:-Which of the following is the chemical name for vitamin E?
A:- Niacin
B:- Retinol
C:- Ascorbic acid
D:- Tocopherols
Question27:-Which of the following is a type of learning in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a biologicall
response?
A:- Operant conditioning
B:- Classical conditioning
C:- Observational learning
D:- Insight learning
Question28:-Which of the following psychologists is most associated with the theory of the id, ego, and superego?
A:- Sigmund Freud
B:- Carl Jung
C:- Alfred Adler
D:- Erik Erikson
Question29:-Which of the following psychologists developed the first practical intelligence test?
A:- Lewis Terman
B:- Alfred Binet
C:- David Wechsler
D:- William Stern

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Question30:-Which of the following is a principle of learning proposed by Edward Thorndike?
A:- Law of multiple factors
B:- Law of readiness
C:- Law of exercise
D:- Law of effect
Question31:-Which of the following psychologists is most associated with the hierarchy of needs?
A:- Erik Erikson
B:- Carl Jung
C:- Alfred Adler
D:- Abraham Maslow
Question32:-Which of the following psychologists is most associated with the founding of experimental psychology?
A:- Wilhelm Wundt
B:- Sigmund Freud
C:- Carl Jung
D:- F. Skinner
Question33:-Which of the following sociologists is most associated with the concept of class struggle?
A:- Talcott Parsons
B:- Max Weber
C:- Émile Durkheim
D:- Karl Marx
Question34:-Which of the following philosophers said that "Man is by nature a social animal"?
A:- Aristotle
B:- Plato
C:- Socrates
D:- Thomas Hobbes
Question35:-Which of the following is a term used to describe the disorientation and anxiety that people experience when
A:- Acculturation
B:- Ethnocentrism
C:- Cultural relativism
D:- Culture shock
Question36:-Which of the following sociologists is best known for his theory of social Darwinism?
A:- Charles Darwin
B:- Herbert Spencer
C:- Thomas Malthus
D:- Karl Marx
Question37:-Which of the following is a term used to describe the number of males per 100 females in a population?
A:- Sex ratio
B:- Gender ratio
C:- Sexual dimorphism
D:- Sexual reproduction
Question38:-Which of the following is a key factor in social integration?
A:- Common values and norms
B:- Shared sense of identity
C:- Strong social institutions
D:- All of the above
Question39:-A nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing anxiety. The nurse plans to use a nursing theory to guide
be most appropriate?
A:-Sister Callista Roy's Adaptation Model
B:-Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory
C:-Virginia Henderson's Nursing Need Theory
D:-Florence Nightingale's Environmental Theory
Question40:-What is the theme for International Nurses Day 2023?

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A:-Our Nurses . Our Future
B:-Nurses: A Voice to Lead: Invest in Education, Care and Respect
C:-Nurses: A Force for Health: Investing in the Future of Nursing
D:-Nurses: The Heart of Healthcare
Question41:-What is the correct ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths for an adult victim of cardiac arrest?
A:-5:1
B:-15:2
C:-10:2
D:-30:2
Question42:-Which of the following is the correct order of steps for surgical hand washing as per the current recommenda
Prevention ?
A:-Scrub hands with antiseptic soap for 5 minutes, rinse hands with water, dry hands with a sterile towel.
B:-Wash hands with soap and water for 1 minute, rinse hands with water, dry hands with a sterile towel.
C:-Apply antiseptic soap, scrub hands for 2 minutes, rinse hands with water, dry hands with a sterile towel.
D:-Apply antiseptic soap, scrub hands for 1 minute, rinse hands with water, dry hands with a paper towel.
Question43:-A patient with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is experiencing fatigue. Which of the following is the most app
A:-Risk for unstable blood glucose level
B:-Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
C:-Impaired skin integrity
D:-Deficient fluid volume
Question44:-A nurse is preparing to administer an IV infusion of 1000 mL of normal saline over 8 hours. The drop factor o
per minute should the nurse set the IV pump to deliver?
A:-33 drops/min
B:-42 drops/min
C:-28 drops/min
D:-20 drops/min
Correct Answer:-Question Cancelled
Question45:-A patient is at risk for developing a bed sore. Which of the following interventions is the most important to pre
A:-Keeping the skin clean and dry
B:-Using a pressure-relieving mattress
C:-Repositioning the patient every 2 hours
D:-Applying a moisture barrier cream
Question46:-A patient has a remittent fever. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the fever?
A:-Infective endocarditis
B:-Tuberculosis
C:-Sepsis
D:-Malaria
Question47:-A nurse is calculating the dosage of acetaminophen for a 4-year-old child. The adult dose is 1000 mg every
Clark's rule?
A:-150 mg every 6 hours
B:-200 mg every 6 hours
C:-300 mg every 6 hours
D:-250 mg every 6 hours
Question48:-A patient has suffered a second-degree burn to their hand. Which of the following is the most important inter
A:-Covering the burn with a sterile dressing.
B:-Applying a cool compress to the burn.
C:-Cleaning the burn with soap and water.
D:-Giving the patient pain medication.
Question49:-A patient is receiving nasogastric feeding. Which of the following is the most important intervention to preven
A:-Flushing the tube with water before and after feeding.
B:-Administering the feeding slowly over 30 minutes.
C:-Using a feeding pump to deliver the feeding.
D:-Checking the tube placement before each feeding.

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Question50:-A patient's temperature is 38.5 degrees Celsius. What is this temperature in degrees Fahrenheit?
A:-98.6 degrees Fahrenheit
B:-100.4 degrees Fahrenheit
C:-99.5 degrees Fahrenheit
D:-101.3 degrees Fahrenheit
Question51:-A nurse is assessing a patient's apical and radial pulses. The apical pulse is 80 beats per minute and the rad
pulse deficit?
A:-28 beats per minute
B:-18 beats per minute
C:-8 beats per minute
D:-38 beats per minute
Question52:-A nurse is assessing a patient's pulse. The nurse notes that the pulse is bounding and forceful, with a rapid u
called?
A:-Traube's sign
B:-Water hammer pulse
C:-Quincke's pulse
D:-Corrigan's pulse
Question53:-A nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing shortness of breath. The nurse instructs the patient to sigh
A:-To help the patient relax.
B:-To decrease the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood.
C:-To loosen mucus in the airways.
D:-To increase the amount of oxygen in the blood.
Question54:-A nurse is preparing to place a patient in Trendelenburg position. What is the purpose of this position?
A:-To increase blood flow to the brain.
B:-To decrease blood flow to the brain.
C:-To increase blood flow to the legs.
D:-To decrease blood flow to the legs.
Question55:-A nurse is assessing a patient's nails and notes that they have Beau's lines. What is Beau's lines?
A:-Vertical ridges in the nails.
B:-Spoon-shaped nails.
C:-Horizontal ridges in the nails.
D:-Clubbing of the nails.
Question56:-A nurse is caring for a patient who has phlebitis. Which of the following interventions is the most important?
A:-Apply warm compresses to the affected area.
B:-Monitor the patient for signs of infection.
C:-Administer pain medication.
D:-Elevate the affected extremity.
Question57:-A nurse is palpating the xiphisternum of a patient. Which of the following is the most likely finding?
A:-A hard, bony prominence.
B:-A soft, fleshy area.
C:-A tender, painful area.
D:-A clicking sensation.
Question58:-A nurse is performing Rothera's test on a patient. What is the expected finding?
A:-Pain in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen.
B:-Pain in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen.
C:-Pain in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen.
D:-No pain.
Question59:-A nurse is caring for a patient who is passing melena. What is the most likely cause of the melena?
A:-Upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
B:-Lower gastrointestinal bleeding.
C:-Liver disease.
D:-Intestinal obstruction.

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Question60:-A nurse is caring for a patient who has sordes. What is the best way to remove sordes?
A:-Brushing the tongue with a soft toothbrush.
B:-Using a tongue scraper.
C:-Gargling with salt water.
D:-Applying a topical antibiotic.
Question61:-A nurse is preparing to administer an astringent enema to a patient. What is the purpose of an astringent ene
A:-To soften the stool.
B:-To clean the bowel.
C:-To cause the bowel to contract and empty.
D:-To relieve constipation.
Question62:-A nurse is caring for a patient who is using lozenges. What is the main purpose of lozenges?
A:-To relieve pain.
B:-To soothe a sore throat.
C:-To help break up mucus.
D:-To prevent infection.
Question63:-A nurse is caring for a patient who has an idiosyncrasy to a medication. What is the best way to manage this
A:-Discontinue the medication and notify the prescriber.
B:-Administer the medication as prescribed and monitor the patient closely.
C:-Administer the medication at a lower dose.
D:-Administer the medication with food.
Question64:-A nurse is caring for a patient who is undergoing a procedure that requires insufflation. What is the purpose
A:-To expand the lungs.
B:-To remove air from the lungs.
C:-To improve the visibility of the area.
D:-To create a space for the procedure.
Question65:-A nurse is caring for a patient who is diagnosed with anasarca. What is the most likely cause of the anasarca
A:-Liver failure.
B:-Heart failure.
C:-Kidney failure.
D:-Hypothyroidism.
Question66:-A nurse is caring for a patient who is infected with a contagious disease. What is the purpose of concurrent d
A:-To clean and disinfect the patient's environment.
B:-To prevent the spread of infection to other patients.
C:-To kill microorganisms on objects that have been contaminated with the patient's body fluids.
D:-To remove all traces of the infection from the patient's body.
Question67:-A nurse is caring for a patient who is at risk for Curling's ulcer. What is the most effective way to prevent this
A:-Administering antacids.
B:-Elevating the head of the bed.
C:-Avoiding smoking.
D:-Providing frequent small meals.
Question68:-A nurse is preparing to administer a medication using a hypospray. What is the most important safety precau
A:-Avoid contact with the needle.
B:-Inspect the hypospray for leaks.
C:-Administer the medication slowly.
D:-Check the expiration date of the medication.
Question69:-A nurse is caring for a patient with an acoustic neuroma. What is the most common symptom of this conditio
A:-Dizziness.
B:-Hearing loss.
C:-Headache.
D:-Facial nerve palsy.
Question70:-A nurse is caring a patient with Myasthenia Gravis. Which of the following is the most important nursing inter
A:-Administering medications as prescribed.

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B:-Helping the patient with activities of daily living.
C:-Encouraging the patient to rest.
D:-Monitoring for signs of respiratory distress.
Question71:-A nurse is caring for a patient who is diagnosed with anhydrosis. What is the main clinical manifestation of a
A:-Dry skin.
B:-Increased sweating.
C:-Fever.
D:-Decreased sweating.
Question72:-A nurse is caring for a patient with Prinzmetal's angina. What is the most effective treatment for this condition
A:-Calcium channel blockers.
B:-Beta-blockers.
C:-Aspirin.
D:-Nitroglycerin.
Question73:-A nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone cardiac catheterization. Which of the following is the most
A:-Keep the patient's affected extremity immobilized.
B:-Assess the patient's pain level.
C:-Monitor the patient's vital signs.
D:-Encourage the patient to drink plenty of fluids.
Question74:-A nurse is preparing to defibrillate a patient. What is the first step in the procedure?
A:-Turn on the defibrillator.
B:-Attach the paddles to the patient's chest.
C:-Clear the area around the patient.
D:-Assess the patient's rhythm.
Question75:-A nurse is caring for a patient with bronchiectasis. What is the most common symptom of this condition?
A:-Coughing up mucus.
B:-Chest pain.
C:-Shortness of breath.
D:-Wheezing.
Question76:-A nurse is caring for a patient with pulmonary edema. Which of the following interventions is the most import
A:-Monitoring the patient's vital signs.
B:-Placing the patient in a sitting position.
C:-Administering oxygen.
D:-Administering diuretics.
Question77:-A nurse is auscultating the lungs of a patient and hears crackles. What is the most likely cause of the crackle
A:-Narrowed airways.
B:-Air in the lungs.
C:-Fluid in the lungs.
D:-Thickened airways.
Question78:-A nurse is preparing to use a proctoscope to examine a patient's rectum. What is the first step that the nurse
proctoscope to examine a patient's rectum. What is the first step that the nurse should take?
A:-Lubricate the proctoscope.
B:-Position the patient in the left lateral decubitus position.
C:-Drape the patient's legs.
D:-Explain the procedure to the patient.
Question79:-A nurse is caring for a patient with a colostomy. What is the most important factor to consider when choosing
A:-The size of the stoma.
B:-The skin condition around the stoma.
C:-The activity level of the patient.
D:-The type of stool.
Question80:-A nurse is caring for a patient with GERD. Which of the following interventions is the most important to preve
A:-Administering antacids.
B:-Avoiding foods and drinks that trigger symptoms.

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C:-Elevating the head of the bed.
D:-Losing weight if overweight or obese.
Question81:-A nurse is caring for a patient with cystitis. Which of the following is the most common symptom of cystitis?
A:-Pain in the lower back.
B:-Frequent urination.
C:-Cloudy urine.
D:-Burning sensation when urinating.
Question82:-A nurse is caring for a patient with neurogenic bladder. What is the most important nursing intervention to pre
A:-Encourage fluid intake.
B:-Empty the bladder regularly.
C:-Catheterize the bladder regularly.
D:-Monitor for signs of infection.
Question83:-A nurse is caring for a patient with nephrotic syndrome. What is the most important nursing intervention to pr
A:-Monitor fluid intake and output.
B:-Administer diuretics as prescribed.
C:-Encourage bed rest.
D:-Provide a low-protein diet.
Question84:-A nurse is caring for a patient with nystagmus. What is the most important nursing intervention?
A:-Administering anti-vertigo medication.
B:-Keeping the patient's head in a neutral position.
C:-Encouraging the patient to rest.
D:-Monitoring the patient's vital signs.
Question85:-A nurse is caring for a patient with halitosis. What is the most likely cause of the halitosis?
A:-Dry mouth.
B:-Sinus infection.
C:-Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
D:-Tooth decay.
Question86:-A nurse is using a Snellen's chart to assess a patient's visual acuity. What is the normal result for a patient w
A:-20/40
B:-20/20
C:-20/60
D:-20/80
Question87:-A nurse is caring for a patient with gout. Which of the following is the most important nursing intervention?
A:-Administering pain medication.
B:-Teaching the patient about gout.
C:-Applying cold compresses to the affected joint.
D:-Elevating the affected joint.
Question88:-A nurse is caring for a patient with a Pott's fracture. What is the most common complication of this injury?
A:-Malunion.
B:-Bone infection.
C:-Nerve damage.
D:-Avascular necrosis.
Question89:-A nurse is caring for a patient who has a fat embolism. What is the most likely cause of the fat embolism?
A:-A heart attack.
B:-A head injury.
C:-A long bone fracture.
D:-A stroke.
Question90:-A nurse is caring for a patient with myxedema. What is the most likely cause of the patient's symptoms?
A:-Hypothyroidism.
B:-Hyperthyroidism.
C:-Diabetes mellitus.
D:-Addison's disease.

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Question91:-A nurse is caring for a patient with a buffalo hump. What is the most likely cause of the buffalo hump?
A:-Addison's disease.
B:-Cushing's syndrome.
C:-Acromegaly.
D:-Hypothyroidism.
Question92:-A nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes who is experiencing the Somogyi effect. What is the best way to
A:-Administer a higher dose of insulin.
B:-Notify the prescriber.
C:-Increase physical activity.
D:-Administer a snack before bed.
Question93:-A nurse is caring for a patient with erysipelas. What is the most important nursing intervention?
A:-Elevating the affected area.
B:-Administering antibiotics.
C:-Applying a cool compress to the affected area.
D:-Keeping the affected area clean and dry.
Question94:-A nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone a fasciotomy. What is the main purpose of this procedure?
A:-To relieve pressure in the muscle compartment.
B:-To remove dead tissue.
C:-To repair damaged muscles.
D:-To prevent infection.
Question95:-A nurse is caring for a patient with psoriasis. What is the most important nursing intervention to prevent infec
A:-Avoid scratching the affected areas.
B:-Apply topical steroids to the affected areas.
C:-Take oral medications to suppress the immune system.
D:-Keep the skin clean and moisturized.
Question96:-A nurse is preparing a patient for uroflowmetry. What is the most important instruction to give the patient?
A:-Drink plenty of fluids before the test.
B:-Empty your bladder before the test.
C:-Relax and try not to strain during the test.
D:-Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart during the test.
Question97:-A nurse is caring for a patient with priapism. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
A:-Administer an analgesic.
B:-Notify the doctor immediately.
C:-Encourage the patient to urinate.
D:-Apply a cold compress to the penis.
Question98:-A nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing metrorrhagia. What is the most likely cause of the metrorr
A:-Endometriosis.
B:-Fibroids.
C:-Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
D:-Uterine cancer.
Question99:-A nurse is preparing a patient for fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). What is the most important instruct
A:-Lie still and relax your muscles.
B:-Tell me if you feel any pain.
C:-Hold your breath while the needle is inserted.
D:-Keep your eyes closed during the procedure.
Question100:-A nurse is caring for a patient with cervical cancer. Which of the following is the main cause of cervical canc
A:-Obesity.
B:-Smoking.
C:-Human papillomavirus (HPV).
D:-Lack of exercise.
Question101:-A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving radiation therapy for cancer. What is the most important nurs

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A:-Keeping the skin clean and dry.
B:-Applying a lotion to the skin.
C:-Avoiding scratching the skin.
D:-Using a radiation shield.
Question102:-A nomogram is a graphical representation of a mathematical formula. Which of the following is a common u
A:-To calculate the dosage of a drug based on a patient's weight.
B:-To determine the risk of a patient developing a side effect from a drug.
C:-To predict the onset of a drug's effects.
D:-To compare the effectiveness of different drugs.
Question103:-Acyclovir is an antiviral drug that is used to treat herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. Which of the follow
A:-It stimulates the production of antibodies against HSV.
B:-It binds to the surface of HSV and prevents the virus from entering the cell.
C:-It inhibits the replication of HSV by blocking the activity of its DNA polymerase.
D:-It increases the production of interferon, which is a natural antiviral protein.
Question104:-Levothyroxine is a synthetic thyroid hormone that is used to treat hypothyroidism. Which of the following is
A:-It inhibits the production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland.
B:-It binds to the thyroid hormone receptor and activates it.
C:-It stimulates the production of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).
D:-It blocks the effects of thyroid hormone.
Question105:-Cetirizine hydrochloride is an antihistamine that is used to treat allergies. Which of the following is the mech
A:-It blocks the effects of histamine at the H1 receptor.
B:-It inhibits the production of histamine.
C:-It stimulates the production of antibodies against histamine.
D:-It increases the production of interferon, which is a natural antihistamine.
Question106:-Warfarin sodium is an anticoagulant that is used to prevent blood clots. Which of the following is the mecha
A:-It inhibits the production of vitamin K.
B:-It blocks the effects of vitamin K on blood clotting factors.
C:-It stimulates the production of blood clotting factors.
D:-It increases the production of vitamin K.
Question107:-Mannitol is a sugar alcohol that is used as a diuretic and to reduce intracranial pressure. Which of the follow
A:-It blocks the effects of vasopressin, which is a hormone that causes water retention.
B:-It inhibits the production of urine.
C:-It increases the osmotic pressure of the blood, which draws water out of the tissues and into the bloodstream.
D:-It increases the production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which is a hormone that causes water retention.
Question108:-A biopsy is a medical procedure in which a small piece of tissue is removed from the body for examination.
of biopsy?
A:-Fine needle aspiration biopsy
B:-Incisional biopsy
C:-Needle biopsy
D:-Excisional biopsy
Question109:-A patient presents with a rash on their skin that is red, raised, and itchy. The rash is also accompanied by fe
following is the most likely diagnosis?
A:-Measles
B:-Roseola
C:-Rubella
D:-Chickenpox
Question110:-Integrins are cell surface receptors that mediate the attachment of cells to the extracellular matrix. Which of
A:-They bind to specific molecules in the extracellular matrix.
B:-They transmit signals from the extracellular matrix to the cell.
C:-They help cells to migrate.
D:-All of the above.
Question111:-Rudolf Virchow was a German pathologist who is considered the father of modern pathology. Which of the f

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contributions to pathology?
A:-He discovered the cell theory.
B:-He discovered the bacteria that causes tuberculosis.
C:-He invented the microscope.
D:-He developed the concept of cellular pathology.
Question112:-Sepsis is a serious condition in which the body's response to infection damages its own tissues and organs
cause of sepsis?
A:-Bacterial infection
B:-Viral infection
C:-Fungal infection
D:-Parasitic infection
Question113:-A body mass index (BMI) of 25.0 to 29.9 is classified as:
A:-Underweight
B:-Normal weight
C:-Overweight
D:-Obese
Question114:-Which of the following is the most important consideration when mopping up a biohazard spill?
A:-Wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) to prevent exposure to the biohazard
B:-Using a disinfectant solution that is effective against the specific biohazard
C:-Mopping up the spill from the outside in to prevent the spread of the biohazard
D:-Disposing of the mop and bucket in a biohazard container
Question115:-Which of the following is a common disease that can be caused by exposure to contaminated sewage?
A:-Cholera
B:-Dysentery
C:-Typhoid fever
D:-All of the above
Question116:-The orthotolidine test is used to measure the:
A:-Free chlorine in water
B:-Combined chlorine in water
C:-Total chlorine in water
D:-pH of water
Question117:-Which of the following is a non-service type latrine?
A:-Pour-flush latrine
B:-Pit latrine
C:-Ventilated improved pit latrine (VIP) latrine
D:-Septic tank
Question118:-Under the Employees' State Insurance (ESI) scheme, the employer's contribution is:
A:-0.75% of the employee's gross salary
B:-12% of the employee's gross salary
C:-4.0% of the employee's gross salary
D:-3.25% of the employee's gross salary
Question119:-The Dutch cap is a type of ________.
A:-emergency contraceptive
B:-hormonal method
C:-barrier method
D:-permanent method
Question120:-Gossypol is a naturally occurring compound found in cottonseed. It has been used as a male contraceptive
side effects. Which of the following is a serious side effect of gossipol?
A:-Liver damage
B:-Kidney damage
C:-Heart problems
D:-All of the above

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Question121:-The index case in an outbreak is:
A:-The person who has the most severe symptoms of the disease
B:-The person who introduced the disease into the community
C:-The first person to be diagnosed with the disease
D:-The person who is the most contagious
Question122:-Which of the following is a picornavirus?
A:-Poliovirus
B:-Hepatitis A virus
C:-Rotavirus
D:-HIV
Question123:-Which of the following is the main function of HLA molecules?
A:-To present antigens to T cells
B:-To destroy infected cells
C:-To produce antibodies
D:-To regulate the immune response
Question124:-Kernig's sign is a diagnostic test for which of the following conditions?
A:-Meningitis
B:-Encephalitis
C:-Brain tumor
D:-Cerebral palsy
Question125:-Australia antigen is a marker for which of the following?
A:-Hepatitis B
B:-Hepatitis C
C:-HIV
D:-Syphilis
Question126:-Culex mosquitoes are known to transmit which of the following diseases?
A:-Malaria
B:-Dengue fever
C:-West Nile virus
D:-Zika virus
Question127:-Annual parasitic incidence (API) is calculated as:
A:-Total number of positive slides for parasite in a year / Total population
B:-Total number of positive slides for parasite in a year / Total number of cases
C:-Total number of cases in a year / Total population
D:-Total number of cases in a year / Total number of positive slides for parasite
Question128:-A break point in community health is a point at which:
A:-The community's health status improves significantly.
B:-The community's health status is at risk of declining.
C:-The community's health status reaches a plateau.
D:-The community's health status declines significantly.
Question129:-The Trained Nurses' Association of India (TNAI) is headquartered in which city?
A:-New Delhi
B:-Chennai
C:-Kolkata
D:-Mumbai
Question130:-Which of the following was NOT a recommendation of the Bhore Committee?
A:-Integration of preventive and curative services at all administrative levels
B:-Development of Primary Health Centres (PHCs) in 2 stages
C:-Establishment of a Central Health Board
D:-Privatization of the healthcare system
Question131:-Which of the following is the most effective way to prevent the spread of COVID-19?
A:-Getting vaccinated

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B:-Wearing a mask
C:-Washing your hands frequently
D:-Avoiding close contact with people who are sick
Question132:-Which of the following is the most common side effect of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine?
A:-Fever
B:-Rash
C:-Allergic reaction
D:-Pain at the injection site
Question133:-A patient with a Bartholin's cyst undergoes marsupialization. Which of the following is the most important nu
A:-Instruct the patient to keep the area clean.
B:-Apply ice packs to the area.
C:-Encourage fluids.
D:-Monitor for bleeding.
Question134:-A patient is scheduled for a pudendal nerve block. Which of the following is the most important nursing inte
A:-Obtain consent.
B:-Instruct the patient to empty their bladder.
C:-Administer a sedative.
D:-Prepare the patient for a lithotomy position.
Question135:-A nurse is preparing to use an Oldham's perforator for a surgical procedure. Which of the following is the m
A:-Lubricate the tip of the perforator with sterile saline.
B:-Assemble the perforator according to the manufacturer's instructions.
C:-Check the expiration date of the perforator.
D:-Apply pressure to the site after the procedure.
Question136:-A pregnant woman is diagnosed with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The nurse is reviewing the wom
ponderal index (PI) is 2.0. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
A:-Monitor the woman's blood pressure.
B:-Refer the woman to a perinatal specialist.
C:-Encourage the woman to eat a healthy diet.
D:-Administer corticosteroids to the woman.
Question137:-A patient with prolactinoma is taking bromocriptine. Which of the following is the most important nursing inte
A:-Monitor for headache.
B:-Instruct the patient to take the medication with food.
C:-Monitor for orthostatic hypotension.
D:-Encourage the patient to drink plenty of fluids.
Question138:-A woman with a contracted pelvis is scheduled for a cesarean section. Which of the following is the most im
A:-Provide emotional support.
B:-Administer pain medication.
C:-Monitor for bleeding.
D:-Encourage early ambulation.
Question139:-A woman is in labor for more than 18 hours. Which of the following is the most important nursing interventio
A:-Perform an amniotomy.
B:-Encourage the woman to ambulate.
C:-Administer oxytocin.
D:-Monitor the woman's vital signs.
Question140:-A 38-year-old woman at 39 weeks of gestation is being evaluated for induction of labor. The nurse performs
cervix 4 cm dilated, 75% effaced, and firm. The presenting part is at -1 station. The Bishop score is:
A:-5
B:-7
C:-6
D:-8
Question141:-A partograph is a graphic record of the progress of labor. Which of the following is the most important inform
A:-Uterine contractions

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B:-Fetal heart rate
C:-Maternal blood pressure
D:-Cervical dilation
Question142:-Cullen's sign is a bluish discoloration around the umbilicus. It is a sign of:
A:-Peritonitis
B:-Pancreatitis
C:-Ruptured ectopic pregnancy
D:-Intestinal obstruction
Question143:-Eclampsia is a serious condition that occurs in pregnant women with preeclampsia. Which of the following
A:-Proteinuria
B:-Seizures
C:-Hyperreflexia
D:-Headache
Question144:-Palmer's sign is a sign of pregnancy. It is characterized by:
A:-Regular rhythmic uterine contractions.
B:-Softening and compressibility of the lower uterine segment.
C:-Bluish discoloration of the vulva and vagina.
D:-Painless enlargement of the breasts.
Question145:-Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) is a blood test that is used to screen for neural tube defects (NT
is a normal level of MSAFP?
A:-2.5 to 25 ng/mL
B:-50 to 80 ng/mL
C:-10 to 40 ng/mL
D:-100 to 150 ng/mL
Question146:-Vernix caseosa is a white, cheesy substance that covers the skin of a newborn baby. Which of the following
A:-Protects the baby's skin from the harsh environment.
B:-Helps the baby to regulate their temperature.
C:-Lubricates the baby's skin during birth.
D:-All of the above.
Question147:-Which of the following is the most important factor to consider when using an infantometer to measure an i
A:-The infant's position
B:-The infant's weight
C:-The infant's age
D:-The infant's clothing
Question148:-Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of imipramine in children?
A:-Seizure disorder
B:-Heart disease
C:-Diabetes
D:-None of the above
Question149:-Which of the following is a benefit of lactoferrin for infants?
A:-It helps protect against infections
B:-It helps regulate iron absorption
C:-It helps promote gut health
D:-All of the above
Question150:-Which of the following is a nursing diagnosis for failure to thrive?
A:-Disturbed sensory perception
B:-Deficient fluid volume
C:-Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements
D:-Impaired social interaction
Question151:-Which of the following is NOT a benefit of kangaroo mother care (KMC)?
A:-It helps to regulate the infant's body temperature
B:-It helps to prevent jaundice

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C:-It helps to improve the infant's breathing
D:-It helps to promote breastfeeding
Question152:-A newborn baby is assessed at 1 minute after birth and receives an APGAR score of 8. Which of the follow
A:-Continue to monitor the baby closely.
B:-Administer oxygen by mask.
C:-Initiate chest compressions.
D:-Provide warmth to the baby.
Question153:-A 6-month-old infant with a cleft lip is scheduled for cheiloplasty. Which of the following nursing intervention
postoperative period?
A:-Administer pain medication.
B:-Apply ice packs to the lip.
C:-Encourage fluids.
D:-Monitor for bleeding.
Question154:-A 2-month-old infant with Hirschsprung's disease is scheduled for Duhamel's pull through surgery. Which o
important in the immediate postoperative period?
A:-Administer pain medication.
B:-Monitor for bleeding.
C:-Encourage fluids.
D:-Apply a colostomy bag.
Question155:-A 2-year-old child presents to the emergency department with inspiratory stridor. Which of the following is t
A:-Croup
B:-Epiglottitis
C:-Foreign body aspiration
D:-Bacterial tracheitis
Question156:-A preterm infant is born with hyaline membrane disease. Which of the following nursing interventions is the
A:-Maintain fluid balance.
B:-Provide oxygen therapy.
C:-Monitor respiratory status.
D:-Administer surfactant.
Question157:-A patient with rheumatic fever is diagnosed with Aschoff bodies in the heart. Which of the following nursing
A:-Administer antibiotics.
B:-Provide pain medication.
C:-Monitor for heart failure.
D:-Encourage fluids.
Question158:-A patient with epilepsy is taking phenytoin. Which of the following nursing interventions is most important?
A:-Monitor for nystagmus.
B:-Monitor for gingival hyperplasia.
C:-Monitor for rash.
D:-Monitor for liver function.
Question159:-A mother brings her 8-year-old daughter to the clinic with complaints of head lice. Which of the following is
A:-Teach the mother how to use a lice comb.
B:-Prescribe a topical medication for head lice.
C:-Advise the mother to shave her daughter's head.
D:-Tell the mother that head lice are not a serious problem.
Question160:-A patient with leukemia is receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following is the most important nursing inte
A:-Monitor for nausea and vomiting.
B:-Monitor for bleeding.
C:-Monitor for pain.
D:-Monitor for infection.
Question161:-A nurse is assessing an infant for hydrocephalus. Which of the following findings is indicative of Macewen's
A:-A soft, bulging fontanelle
B:-A sunken fontanelle

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C:-A cracked pot sound on percussion
D:-A high-pitched cry
Question162:-A child with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) presents to the emergency department with complaints of he
the most likely cause?
A:-Shunt obstruction
B:-Shunt infection
C:-Shunt malfunction
D:-Increased intracranial pressure
Question163:-Which of the following is an example of clang association?
A:-"I tied the rope soap the slope nope."
B:-"The sky is blue, the grass is green, the birds are singing."
C:-"I am sad, I am crying, I feel hopeless."
D:-"I am angry, I am yelling, I want to hit something."
Question164:-Which of the following is NOT an example of a compulsion?
A:-Checking locks and appliances repeatedly
B:-Washing hands excessively
C:-Counting objects repeatedly
D:-Avoiding people who are different
Question165:-Which of the following is a characteristic of catalepsy?
A:-The person is able to move freely
B:-The person is rigid and unresponsive
C:-The person is in a state of deep sleep
D:-The person is experiencing hallucinations
Question166:-Which of the following is a characteristic of flat affect?
A:-The person's facial expression is blank and expressionless
B:-The person's voice is monotone and lacks emotion
C:-The person's movements are slow and deliberate
D:-All of the above
Question167:-Which of the following is a characteristic of confabulation?
A:-The person is aware that they are making up stories
B:-The person makes up stories to fill in gaps in their memory
C:-The person's stories are usually believable
D:-The person's stories are usually bizarre and implausible
Question168:-Which of the following is a characteristic of stupor?
A:-The person is awake but unresponsive
B:-The person is asleep but can be easily awakened
C:-The person is in a state of deep coma
D:-The person is experiencing hallucinations
Question169:-Which of the following is a characteristic of Othello syndrome?
A:-The person is experiencing delusions of infidelity
B:-The person is experiencing hallucinations of infidelity
C:-The person is experiencing anxiety and depression
D:-All of the above
Question170:-Which of the following is a side effect of electro convulsive therapy (ECT)?
A:-Memory loss
B:-Confusion
C:-Headache
D:-All of the above
Question171:-Which of the following is the theme for World Mental Health Day 2023?
A:-Mental Health is a Universal Human Right
B:-Make Mental Health & Well-Being for All a Global Priority
C:-Mental Health in an Unequal World

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D:-Celebrating the Power of Community Kindness
Question172:-Which of the following is a characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?
A:-Difficulty with social interaction and communication
B:-Restricted interests and repetitive behaviors
C:-Both A and B
D:-Neither A nor B
Question173:-Which of the following is a characteristic of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)?
A:-High fever
B:-Muscle rigidity
C:-Altered mental status
D:-All of the above
Question174:-Which of the following is a risk factor for bestiality?
A:-Mental illness
B:-Substance abuse
C:-Childhood sexual abuse
D:-All of the above
Question175:-Which of the following is a characteristic of coprolalia?
A:-Involuntary utterance of obscene words or phrases
B:-Involuntary repetition of words or phrases
C:-Involuntary utterance of words or phrases that are not obscene
D:-None of the above
Question176:-Which of the following is a key concept of milieu therapy?
A:-Clients should be isolated from each other to prevent them from triggering each other's symptoms
B:-The nurse-client relationship is the most important factor in treatment
C:-Medication is the only effective treatment for mental illness
D:-The environment can be used as a therapeutic tool
Question177:-Which of the following philosophical approaches to education emphasizes the development of the mind and
A:-Idealism
B:-Realism
C:-Pragmatism
D:-Existentialism
Question178:-Which of the following teaching approaches is based on the belief that there is no one best way to teach, a
the students, the content, and the context?
A:-Perennialism
B:-Eclecticism
C:-Essentialism
D:-Progressivism
Question179:-Which of the following teaching methods is based on the belief that the teacher should ask questions to he
A:-Perennialism
B:-Maieutic theory
C:-Essentialism
D:-Progressivism
Question180:-Which of the following is a type of motivation that is characterized by the belief that one cannot control their
A:-Intrinsic motivation
B:-Learned helplessness
C:-Extrinsic motivation
D:-Achievement motivation
Question181:-Which of the following is a model of curriculum development that emphasizes the importance of learner-cen
A:-Gagne's nine events of instruction
B:-Tyler's rationale
C:-Bloom's taxonomy
D:-Taba

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Question182:-When was the Indian Nursing Council established?
A:-1956
B:-1950
C:-1953
D:-1947
Question183:-Which of the following is a type of assessment that is used to provide feedback to students and teachers so
A:-Formative evaluation
B:-Summative evaluation
C:-Diagnostic evaluation
D:-Placement evaluation
Question184:-Which of the following is a type of error that occurs when a teacher underrates the performance of students
A:-Central tendency error
B:-Generosity error
C:-Leniency error
D:-Harshness error
Question185:-Which of the following is a type of motivation that is based on the desire to feel capable and effective?
A:-Power
B:-Achievement
C:-Affiliation
D:-Competence
Question186:-Which of the following is the primary purpose of in-service education for nurses?
A:-To update nurses on new medical advances
B:-To provide nurses with opportunities for professional development
C:-To comply with regulatory requirements
D:-To improve the quality of care provided by nurses
Question187:-Which of the following principles of management is the clear line of authority from the top to the bottom of t
A:-Unity of command
B:-Span of control
C:-Scalar chain
D:-Impersonality
Question188:-Which of the following is an example of implied consent?
A:-A patient who participates in a research study is giving implied consent to treatment.
B:-A patient who signs a consent form is giving implied consent to treatment.
C:-A patient who calls to make an appointment is giving implied consent to treatment.
D:-A patient who is unconscious is giving implied consent to treatment.
Question189:-Which of the following nursing care delivery methods is a modification of team nursing and focuses on the
assignments?
A:-Case method
B:-Primary nursing
C:-Modular nursing
D:-Team nursing
Question190:-Which of the following is a type of mismatch between the expectations and resources associated with a role
A:-Role stress
B:-Role ambiguity
C:-Role overload
D:-Interpersonal conflict
Question191:-Which of the following is a management theorist who developed a system of management that emphasizes
A:-Rensis Likert
B:-Abraham Maslow
C:-Frederick Herzberg
D:-Douglas McGregor

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Question192:-Which of the following is a theory of human communication that analyzes transactions between people in te
child?
A:-Behavioral psychology
B:-Transactional analysis
C:-Psychodynamic psychology
D:-Cognitive psychology
Question193:-Which of the following is a standardized system for collecting essential nursing data?
A:-Problem-oriented medical record (POMR)
B:-Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC)
C:-Nursing Minimum Data Set (NMDS)
D:-Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC)
Question194:-Which of the following is a management approach that focuses on setting specific goals and objectives for
A:-Total quality management (TQM)
B:-Management by objectives (MBO)
C:-Continuous quality improvement (CQI)
D:-Benchmarking
Question195:-Which of the following bibliographic databases is most commonly used by nurses to search for nursing rese
A:-MEDLINE
B:-PsycINFO
C:-CINAHL
D:-ERIC
Question196:-Which of the following is a type of clinical research design in which neither the participants nor the experim
treatment?
A:-Randomized controlled trial
B:-Blinded clinical trial
C:-Double bind control research
D:-Placebo-controlled trial
Question197:-Which of the following is a qualitative research method that involves repeated rounds of questionnaires or s
experts?
A:-Grounded theory
B:-Delphi technique
C:-Nominal group technique
D:-Focus group
Question198:-Which of the following is a measure of the extent to which a test appears to measure what it is supposed to
A:-Content validity
B:-Construct validity
C:-Face validity
D:-Concurrent validity
Question199:-Which of the following statistical tests is used to determine whether there is a significant association betwee
A:-ANOVA
B:-T-test
C:-F-test
D:-Chi-square test
Question200:-Which of the following measures the dispersion of data around the average?
A:-Median
B:-Mode
C:-Standard deviation
D:-Average

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