CBSE Class 12 Political Science Question Paper 2020 Set 59-1-1 Solutions

Strictly Confidential: (For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior School Certificate Examination-2020
Marking Scheme – POLITICAL SCIENCE
(SUBJECT CODE : 028) (PAPER CODE : 59/1/1)
General Instructions: -

1. You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious
problems which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching
profession. To avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you must
read and understand the spot evaluation guidelines carefully. Evaluation is a 10-12
days mission for all of us. Hence, it is necessary that you put in your best efforts
in this process.
2. Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should
not be done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking
Scheme should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while
evaluating, answers which are based on latest information or knowledge and/or
are innovative, they may be assessed for their correctness otherwise and marks
be awarded to them.
3. The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each
evaluator on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the
instructions given in the Marking Scheme. The remaining answer books meant for
evaluation shall be given only after ensuring that there is no significant variation in the
marking of individual evaluators.
4. Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer ‘X”be marked.
Evaluators will not put right kind of mark while evaluating which gives an impression that
answer is correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which
evaluators are committing.
5. If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks
awarded for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the
left-hand margin and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
6. If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin
and encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
7. If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more
marks should be retained and the other answer scored out.
8. No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized
only once.
9. A full scale of marks 0-80 has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if
the answer deserves it.
10. Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e. 8 hours
every day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer books
per day in other subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).
11. Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the
Examiner in the past:-
 Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
 Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
 Wrong totaling of marks awarded on a reply.
 Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
 Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
 Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
 Wrong grand total.
 Marks in words and figures not tallying.
 Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
 Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick mark
is correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the X for
incorrect answer.)

 Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks
awarded.

12. While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it should
be marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.

13. Any unassessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error
detected by the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the
evaluation work as also of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all
concerned, it is again reiterated that the instructions be followed meticulously and
judiciously.

14. The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the Guidelines
for spot Evaluation before starting the actual evaluation.

15. Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over
to the title page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.

16. The Board permits candidates to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request in an
RTI application and also separately as a part of the re-evaluation process on payment of
the processing charges.

SECTION – A
Q1. How long did East Pakistan and West Pakistan remain together as
one country?
OR
Which community dominates the politics of Sri Lanka ?
Ans From 1947 to 1971 1 Pg
OR 68
1 Pg
Sinhala community
72
Q2. Which one of the following States is not a Baltic Republic?
(A)Estonia
(B)Ukraine
(C)Latvia
(D)Lithuania
Ans (B) Ukraine 1 Pg
21
Q3. Which country among the following is not a member of SAARC ?
(A)India
(B)Myanmar
(C)Bangladesh
(D) Nepal
Ans (B) Myanmar 1 Pg
66
Q4. Correct the following statement and rewrite in your answer-book :
NATO came into existence in June 1949 and it was an association of
11 States.
Ans NATO came into existence in April1949 and it was an association of 12 ½ x 2=1 Pg 6
states.

Q5. Identify any one reason for the aspiration of democracy in South Asia.

Ans People of South Asia prefer democracy over other forms of government 1 Pg
and support the institutions of representative democracy. 67

Q6. Resistance to globalisation in India has come from which cultural
influence ? Give any one example.
Ans Western dresses or celebrations of festivals like Valentines Day 1 Pg
(Any one) 109
Q7. Identify the following statement about the global commons as true or
false :
The countries of the North are more concerned about the protection of

1

the global commons than the countries of the South.
True 1
Ans
Q8. Security is related to which types of threats?
Ans Threats related to human existence and the life of a country 1

Q9. Which was the first state created on the basis of language in free
India?
Ans Andhra Pradesh 1 Pg
19
Q10. How can you say that Congress was a broad-based social coalition by
the time of Independence?
Ans It had members from the rich and poor class, urban and rural areas 1 Pg
,workers and the industrialist and also the leaders having different 36
ideologies
Q11. In which two ways is the voting by EVM better than voting by ballot
papers?
• Easy to handle and transport .
• Counting can be done at a fast rate.
½ +½ Pg
Ans • Less chances of booth capturing =1 29
(Any two)
Q12. Give any two examples of international events where India took an
independent stand.
Ans I. Formation of NAM ½ +½ Pg
II. Refused to sign NPT and CTBT =1 66,7
48
Q13. Correct the following statement and rewrite in your answer-book :
Pg
A full-scale war between India and Bangladesh broke out in November
76
1971
Ans A full scale war between India and Pakistan broke out in December 1971. ½ +½ Pg
=1 76
Q14. Mention any two things which the New Congress had but its big
opponents lacked in 1971.
Ans Congress hand an ½ +½
I. Agenda =1 Pg
II. An issue 96
III. A positive slogan but opposition was lacking on these fronts.
(Any two)

2

Q15. Select the correct political party which came to power at the centre in
1977.
(A)Janata Party
(B)Bharatiya Jana Sangh
(C)Communist Party of India
(D)Indian National Congress
(A) Janata Party
Ans
1
Q16. "The Emergency and the period around it can be described as a
period of constitutional crisis." Analyse the main reason behind this
statement.
Ans Reason - A constitutional battle on the issue of jurisdiction of Parliament 1 Pg
andJudiciary. 124

Q17. Write the full name of the political party called BKU.
Ans Bharatiya Kisan Union 1
Q18. Who among the following led the National Front Government in
1989,with the outside support of the Left Front and the BJP ?
(A) Chandrashekhar
(B) H.D. Deve Gowda
(C) I.K. Gujral
(D) V.P. Singh
Ans (D) V .P. Singh 1
Q19. Why are the large scale migrants to the North-East seen as
encroachers?

Ans North East faced the problem of ‘outsiders’ encroaching upon the jobs and 1 Pg
resources related to local people and their areas. 165
Q20. Which one of the following coalitions formed the government at the
Centre in 1989 ?
(A) NDA
(B) United Front
(C)National Front
(D) UPA
Ans (C) National Front 1
SECTION – B
Q21 What best can be done to maintain the balance of power as a
component of traditional notion of external security ?
Ans • One can build its own military power.
• Can develop relations with big powers. 1+1=2 Pg
• Can develop its economic and technological power. 102
(Any two)
3

Q22 Analyse any two causes of the split in the Congress Party in 1969.
Ans Reasons -
i. Differences between Syndicate and Indira Gandhi
ii. Revolutionary steps taken by Indira Gandhi were not liked by the Pg
Syndicate. 2x1=2 92-
iii. Election for the post of President in 1969 where Indira Gandhi 93
supported VV Giri who was not the official candidate of the
Congress Party.
(Any two)
Q23 Mention any two recommendations suggested by the Mandal
Commission.
Ans I. 27% reservation for OBCs in jobs and educational institutions. Pg
II. Land reforms were also recommended for the upliftment of OBCs 2x1=2 182

SECTION – C
Q24 In which four ways are the smaller states helpful to the Superpowers
as their allies?
Ans I. For the vital resources such as oil and minerals.
II. For territory to be used for launching weapons.
III. To get location from where to spy on other countries. Pg
IV. To strengthen the ideology. 4x1=4 7
V. To get economic input for new developments.
(Any four)
Q25 Analyse any three constraints on American power. In your view, which
constraint can get more importance in the future?
Ans i. Institutional architecture of the American State itself.
ii. Open nature of the American Society.
iii. Members of the NATO- As US has enormous interest for its economy
to grow. Allies and the members of the NATO can get more importance Pg
because the growth of the economy is very important for each and every 3+1=4 43-
country. 44
• A candidate may choose any one of the above options and ‘one mark ’
to be awarded for writing.
any one option
Q26 Explain any four consequences of the partition of India in 1947.
OR
Explain any four reasons for the dominance of Congress Party in the
first three general elections in India.
Ans I. Large scale transfer of population from one area to the other. 4x1=4 Pg
II. Killings and atrocities on both the sides. 10
III. Divide on the basis of religion.
IV. Cities like Lahore, Amritsar and Kolkata were divided.
V. People had to face immense sufferings
(Any four)
OR

4

I. I. Congress had the legacy of the National movement.
II. II. It was the only organised party in India 4x1=4
III. III. Had the chrismatic leaders like Nehru Pg
iv. Has the organisation spread all over the country. 29-
v. Division of votes among different political parties also helped the 30
Congress to get the majority.
(Any four)
Q27 Examine any four factors that have influenced India's foreign policy.
Ans Factors that influenced India's foreign policy. Pg
• National Interests and own concerns. 4x1=4 65,
• The collapse of colonialism and rise of new countries. 78
• The twin challenges of welfare and democracy.
• Democratic and International environment .
• International treaties on nuclear programmes.
( Any four)
SECTION D
Q28 Study the picture given below carefully and answer the questions that
follow :

i. Why has the bicycle been chosen as a symbol to represent
China ?
ii. What do the symbols within the two wheels of the bicycle stand
for?
iii. What message is conveyed by the given picture ?
Ans I. Cycle is the popular mean of transport in China.
II. Symbol used in the front wheel of the cycle is part of the symbol of
the communist party of China and the symbol shown in the rear
wheel represent dollar which is related to America. Symbols 1+2+2= Pg
combined together represent the socialist economy of China and 5 60
capitalist economy of the US.
III. Picture conveys the message of duality in Chinese economy.
Q28 Note:
The following questions are for the Visually Impaired Candidates only,
in lieu of Q. No. 28.
(28.1) Explain any two points of distinction between the economic
policies adopted by China and USA.
(28.2) Mention any three new economic policies of China which made
it grow at a faster rate.
Ans For visually impaired candidates. 2+3=5
28.1 China’s economic policy was socialist and state controlled/party
controlled. USA’s economic policy was capitalist , liberal and

5

democractic policy.
28.2 i)Open door policy
ii) Privatisation of Agricuture.
iii) Privatisation of Industries.
iv) Creation of SEZs.
v) Accession to WTO.
(Any three)
Q29 Study the passage given below carefully and answer the questions
that follow :
The UN was founded as a successor to the League of Nations. It was
established in 1945 immediately after the Second World War. The
organisation was set up through the signing of the United Nations
Charter by ............... states. It tried to achieve what the League could
not between the two world wars. The UN's objectives are ............
(a)How many countries signed the UN Charter in 1945 ?
(b)Highlight any two objectives for which the UNO was formed.
(c)Mention any two achievements of the United Nations which the
League of Nations could not achieve between the two World Wars.
Ans a) 51 countries. 1+2+2=
b) (i)To prevent international conflicts. 5
(ii)To improve the prospects of social and economic
development.
c) (i) Creation of Security Council to give importance to big
powers.
(ii) Various Welfare activities of the UN.
Q30 Read the passage given below carefully and answer the questions that
follow :
It is not necessary that all planning always has to be centralised; nor
is it that planning is only about big industries and large projects. The
'Kerala Model’ is the name given to the path of planning and
development charted by the State of Kerala. There has been a focus in
this model on........... Despite low per capita incomes, and a relatively
weak industrial base, Kerala achieved nearly total literacy, long life
expectancy, low infant and female mortality, low birth rates and high
access to medical care.
(a) What is meant by centralised planning ?
(b) In which two ways is decentralisation better than centralisation ?
(c) The ‘Kerala Model’ of planning and development focused on which
areas ? Mention any two areas

Ans a) Centralised planning is planning under the control of Central 1+2+2=
Government. 5
b) 1)Decentralisation is the spirit of Democracy.
2) Decentralisation provides chance to more people to participate
and deliberate.
6

OR
Any other point.
(c) Areas on which ‘Kerala Model’ focused.
• Education
• Health
• Land reform
• Effective food distribution
• Poverty alleviation
(Any two)
Q31 In the given political outline map of India (on page 17), five States
have been marked as A , B, C , D and E .Identify these States on the
basis of information given below and write their correct names in your
answer book along with the respective serial number of the
information used and the concerned alphabets given in the map as
per the following format :

Sr. no. of the Concerned Name of the
information used alphabet State
in the map
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(i)The State where DMK Party came into existence.
(ii)The State where the Naxalite Movement began in 1967.
(iii)The State associated with the former President of Congress, S.
Nijalingappa
(iv)The State from where the phrase 'Aya Ram, Gaya Ram' originated.
(v)The State in which the Congress Party did not get majority in the
Assembly elections of 1967, but formed the government with the help
from others.
Ans Sr. no. of the Concerned alphabet Name of the
information used in the map State

7

(i) D Tamil nadu
(ii) A West Bengal 5x1=5
(iii) E Karnatka
(iv) B Haryana
(v) C Rajsathan
Q31 The following questions are for the Visually Impaired Candidate only,
in lieu of Q. No. 31.
The following Note:
(31.1) Write the full name of DMK Party.
(31.2) Which party got majority in the 1967 Assembly elections
inGujarat ?
(31.3) S. Nijalingappa belonged to which State?
(31.4)The phrase 'Aya Ram, Gaya Ram' got initiated from which State?
(31.5) Name the State associated with the former Prime Minister,
Charan Singh.
Ans For Visually disabled- 5x1=5
31.1 Dravad Muntetra Kazhagam
31.2 Congress Party
31.3 Karnatak
31.4 Haryana
31.5 Uttar Pradesh
SECTION E
Q32 "Movements and protests strengthen democracy." Do you agree with
this statement? Support your answer with any three suitable
examples. OR
“Regional demands from different parts of India exemplify the
principle of unity with diversity." Support the statement with any three
suitable examples.
Ans Candidate may or may not agree with the statement, but he/she will have to Pg
support his/ her answer by giving three examples. 167
3x 2=6
168
e.g. If a candidate agrees with the statement then he/she may give
examples like the given below:
i) Movement against outsiders in Assam by AASU, Indian democracy
successfully accommodated this movement and tried to fulfil their
aspirations within the constitutional framework.
ii) Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) made the government to think about
the relation between Natural resources and local Inhabitants.NBA
compelled the government to work for the demands and rehabilitation of
displaced population.
iii) Bhartiya Kisan Union and Farmer’s movement also made the
Government aware about problems faced by farmers and to find their
solutions.
If a candidate does not agree with the statement- he /she may give the
following examples.
8

Sometimes movements and protest get violent and put unconstitutional
demands-that weaken the democracy. They also adopt unconstitutional
methods to achieve their desired goals.
For Example
• Khalistan Movement in Punjab
• Movement in Kashmir to get more autonomy and freedom.
• Naxlite Movement in West Bengal which spread to other parts of the
India.
Candidate should explain the consequences of their examples.
(Any other movement or Protest can be given as an example)
OR
In India regional demands from different parts of India have proved to be
positive in the direction of Unity in diversity. For example-
(i) A large and diverse democracy in India has been dealing with
regional aspirations on a regular basis.
(ii) Reorganisation of states on the basis of culture and language fulfilled 3 x 2 = 6
the aspirations of the people of different and diverse parts of the
country.
(iii) Regional agitations and movement were not treated as law and order
problem but tensions were reduced by negotiated settlement – which
contributed to strengthen the unity of nation. (Assam Accord, Rajjiv-
longowal agreement and special status to different regions)
(iv) Regional imbalance in economic development was addressed to
fulfill their aspirations.
(v) Different tribes were provided with autonomy to preserve their
practices and customary laws.
Or (Any other relevant example) (Any three)
Q33 Describe any three targets to be achieved according to the proposed
reforms of the global trading system in the report brought out by
UNCTAD in 1972.
OR
Describe any three positive features and three weaknesses of the
Soviet System.
Ans Three targets brought out by UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on
Trade and Development)1972. 3x2=6 Pg -
i) Give LDCs control over their resources exploited by the developed 11
Western countries.
ii) Obtain access to western markets so that LDCs could sell their products
and therefore, make trade more beneficial for the poorer countries.
iii) Reduce the cost of technology from the Western countries.
iv) Provide LDCs with greater role in international economic
institutions.(Any three)
OR
Three positive features of soviet system:
i) Soviet system led to emergence of Soviet Union as a great power.
ii) Soviet Union emerged as a big economy. 3+3=6 Pg-
iii) It developed complex communication network, vast energy 18
resources including oil, Iron and Steel, machinery production and
9

transport sector.
iv) Big Industrial sector producing from pin to cars.
v) Fulfilled basic needs of the people.
(Any Three)
Weakness
i) Authoritarian and excessively bureaucratic system.
ii) Lack of democracy.
iii) Absence of freedom of speech and expression.
iv) Due to lack of competition soviet Union lagged behind capitalist world
in technology and quality of goods.
v)Communist party was not accountable to people.
(Any other relevant point) (Any Three)

Q34 Explain any four environmental concerns that have become issues of
global politics.
OR
Explain any four effects of globalisation on the culture of a country.
Ans Four environmental concerns that have become issues of Global politics:- 4x 1½ =6 Pg -
i) Throughout that world, cultivable area is barely expanding any more, and 110
a substantial portion of existing agricultural land is loosing fertility.
ii) Water bodies have suffered extensive depletion and pollution, severly
restricting food production.
iii) According to UNDP, Human Development Report 2006 1.2 billion people
in developing countries have no access to safe drinking water and 2.6
billion have no access to sanitation, resulting in death of more than three
million children every year.
iv) Loss of Natural Forest- Natural forests which help to stablise the climate,
moderate water supplies and harbor biodiversity on land are being cut
down.
v) Depletion of ozone layer poses a real danger to ecosystems and human
health.
vi) Increasing coastal pollution.
(Any four)
OR
Effects of globalisation on culture of a country:
i) Cultural homogenization with imposition of Western culture.
ii) “Mc Donaldisation “ of the World culture shows dominate of American Pg-
culture. 4x 1½ =6 142
iii) Shrinking of rich cultural heritage of the entire globe particularly that of 143
poor countries.
iv) Globalisation is also leading to influence of one culture on another and
expanding our choice of food and clothes.
Masala Dosa has reached to West and “Khadi Kurta” with blue jeans is new
fashion.
(Any four points) (Any other point)

10