CBSE Class 12 Political Science Question Paper 2020 Set 59-3-1 Solutions

Strictly Confidential: (For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior School Certificate Examination-2020
Marking Scheme – POLITICAL SCIENCE
(SUBJECT CODE : 028) (PAPER CODE : 59/3/1)
General Instructions: -

1. You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious
problems which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching
profession. To avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you must
read and understand the spot evaluation guidelines carefully. Evaluation is a 10-12
days mission for all of us. Hence, it is necessary that you put in your best efforts
in this process.
2. Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should
not be done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking
Scheme should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while
evaluating, answers which are based on latest information or knowledge and/or
are innovative, they may be assessed for their correctness otherwise and marks
be awarded to them.
3. The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each
evaluator on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the
instructions given in the Marking Scheme. The remaining answer books meant for
evaluation shall be given only after ensuring that there is no significant variation in the
marking of individual evaluators.
4. Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer ‘X”be marked.
Evaluators will not put right kind of mark while evaluating which gives an impression that
answer is correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which
evaluators are committing.
5. If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks
awarded for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the
left-hand margin and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
6. If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin
and encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
7. If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more
marks should be retained and the other answer scored out.
8. No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized
only once.
9. A full scale of marks 0-80 has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if
the answer deserves it.
10. Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e. 8 hours
every day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer books
per day in other subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).
11. Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the
Examiner in the past:-
 Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
 Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
 Wrong totaling of marks awarded on a reply.
 Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
 Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
 Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
 Wrong grand total.
 Marks in words and figures not tallying.
 Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
 Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick mark
is correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the X for
incorrect answer.)

 Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks
awarded.

12. While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it should
be marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.

13. Any unassessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error
detected by the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the
evaluation work as also of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all
concerned, it is again reiterated that the instructions be followed meticulously and
judiciously.

14. The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the Guidelines
for spot Evaluation before starting the actual evaluation.

15. Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over
to the title page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.

16. The Board permits candidates to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request in an
RTI application and also separately as a part of the re-evaluation process on payment of
the processing charges.

SECTION – A
Q1 Which event does 9/11 refer to in the context of contemporary world
politics?
OR
Who took over the administration of Pakistan after its first
Constitution was framed?
Ans 9/11 refers to the terrorist attack on World Trade Centre WTC on 1 Pg 35
September 11 2001
OR 1 Pg 68
General Ayub khan
Q2. Complete the following sentence in a meaningful way:
On the global political stage, the consequences of the end of the
Second World War was the rise of __________
Ans Two new powers 1 Pg 4
Q3 Fill in the blanks with suitable words:
Cuba was an ally of the Soviet Union and received
both________and_______aid from it.
Ans Diplomatic and financial 2x ½=1 Pg 2
Q4 After the collapse of Communism, what was the major economic
change in the post-Communist countries?
Ans i)Socialism was replaced by capitalism 1 Pg 24
ii) Public sector was replaced by privatisation
(Any one)
Q5 Which one among the following objectives for the formation of
ASEAN is incorrect?
a) A forum of interaction among the ASEAN members.
b) To create a defence policy to be followed by its members.
c) To create a common market in the region.
d) To stop territorial disputes.
Ans (b)To create defence policy to be followed by its members. 1 Pg 55
Q6. Name the leader of the Indian freedom movement who was popularly
known as ‘Frontier Gandhi’.
Ans Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan 1 Pg 8
Q7. Identify whether the following statement about the Earth Summit,
1992 is true or false.
For the first time, environmental issues within the arena of global
politics were firmly consolidated at the Earth Summit in 1992.
Ans True 1 Pg 120
Q8. Correct the following statement and rewrite it in your answer-book :
An alliance building is a coalition of NGOs that coordinates their

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actions to defend against non-traditional security.
Ans Alliance building is a coalition of states that co-ordinate their actions to 1 Pg 102
defend against military attack.
Q9. Suggest any one measure that should be taken to make the WTO
more acceptable to the developing countries.
Ans i) Transparency in its procedure 1 Pg 93
ii) It should not be pushed by big powers .(Any One)
Q10 Highlight any one of the major changes introduced in the voting
methods in India towards the end of 1990s.
Ans Use of EVM 1 Pg 29
Q11 Which political party of India worked mainly from within the fold of
the Indian National Congress from 1935 to 1941 before parting
ways?
(A)Socialist Party
(B)Bharatiya Jana Sangh
(C)Swatantra Party
(D)Communist Party of India
Ans (D) Communist Party of India 1 Pg 37

Q12 Complete the following statement in a meaningful way :
The 'Bombay Plan' wanted India to take major initiatives in
___________investment.
Ans Industrial or Economic 1 Pg 51
(Anyone or Both)
Q13 Which one of the following ideas was not part of the early phases of
India's development policy?
(A) Liberalisation
(B) Planning
(C) Alleviation of rural poverty
(D)Social justice
Ans (A) Liberalisation 1 Pg 49
Q14 Analyse the role of defection in Indian politics.
Defection plays the role of making and unmaking of governments in the
Ans states likes installing non Congress government in state of Haryana
,Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. 1 Pg 49
Q15. Which one of the following Constitutional principles related to
Article 51 is incorrect?
(A)Promote international peace and security.
(B)Maintain good economic relations between nations.

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(C)Respect for international law and treaties.
(D)Encourage settlement of international disputes by arbitration.
(B) Maintain good economic relations between the Nations. 1 Pg 66
Ans
Q16 Indira Gandhi took time to settle down as Prime Minister. In your
opinion, what was the main reason behind this?
Ans (i) The senior Congress leaders expected that
Indira Gandhi would depend on them due to her inexperience in Pg 85
administration and politics 1
(ii) The economic situations in the country had further deteriorated during
her tenure.
( Anyone)
Q17 What was the main reason for the Kargil conflict to draw worldwide
attention ?
Ans One year prior to the Kargil conflict both India and Pakistan attained 1 Pg 76
nuclear capability.
Q18 "Popular movements should not be discouraged." Support the
statement by giving any one appropriate argument.
Ans (i) Popular movements reduce possibility of deep social conflicts
and disaffection from democracy Pg 142
1
(ii) They suggest new forms of active participation and broaden the
idea of participation in Indian democracy.
( Any One)
Q19 When did Goa become a State of the Indian Union ?
Ans 1987 1 Pg 169
Q20 Mention the full name of the alliance that formed the government at
the Centre in 2014 and who headed that government ?
Ans National Democratic Alliance (NDA) led by BJP ‘s Mr Narendra Modi. ½+½ Pg 190
=1
SECTION – B
Q21 Justify with the help of any two examples that technology gives a
boost to globalization.
Ans The two examples :-
i. Improved communication and transportation promote globalisation.
ii. New technology of printing and internet facility also promote
globalization.
(or any other relevant point) (Any two) 2x1=2 Pg-138
Q22 Examine any two areas of disagreement with respect to the model of
economic development adopted in India after independence.
Ans The areas of disagreement:-
i. State did not spend any significant amount for public education and
healthcare. Pg-
ii. State controlled more things that led to inefficiency and corruption. 2x1=2 56,

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(or any other relevant point) (Any two) 57
Q23 Mention any two weaknesses of India's democracy that came to light
during the Emergency of 1975.
Ans The weakness of India’s democracy :- Pg-
i. Administration and parties could not function independently. 118
ii. Citizens are not confirmed that during emergency they have full 2x1=2
freedom to engage in protest activities or not.
iii. Inability of the judiciary to protect civil liberties effectively.
(Any Two)
SECTION – C
Q24 Describe any two aspects each of cordiality and tension in
therelationship between India and China.
Ans •Two aspects of cordial relationship between India and China:- Pg 68
i. India was one of the first countries to recognize the communist
government in China.
ii. Panchsheel agreement in 1954.
iii. In 1988, Prime Minister Rajeev Gandhi visited China. 2+2=4 Pg 62
iv. Bilateral trade between India and China has increased from $338
million in 1992 to more than $70 billion in 2016.
(Any Two)
• Two aspects of Tension:-
i. Tibet issue in 1950.
ii. China occupied the Aksai-Chin area .
iii. The Chinese invasion in 1962 on both the disputed regions Pg 72
of India.
(Any Two)
Q25 Why has the democratic system not been stable in Pakistan? Explain
any two reasons.
Ans Reasons:-
i. The social dominance of military, clergy and the landowning
aristocracy.
ii. Pakistan’s conflict with India. 2x2=4 Pg-69
iii. Lack of genuine international support for democratic rule in
Pakistan.
iv. Global Islamic terrorism.
(Any Two to be explained)
Q26 Why did the Soviet System become so weak and the economy
stagnated by the end of 1990. Explain any two reasons.
OR
In which two ways did the non-aligned posture serve India's interest
very directly? Explain.
Ans Reasons:-
i.The soviet economy used much of its resources in maintaining a
nuclear and military arsenal.

4

ii.The development of its satellite states in Eastern Europe led to a huge 2x2=4 Pg-
economic burden. 20,21
iii.Ordinary citizens became more knowledgeable about the economic
advance of the west.
iv.The communist party was not accountable to the people.
(Any Two to be explained)

Or
Two Ways:- 2x2=4 Pg-12
i.Non-alignment allowed India to take international decisions and stances
that served its interests.
ii.India was often able to balance one superpower against the other.
Q27 When did the phase of coalition politics begin in India? Highlight
anythree negative outcomes of the coalition governments.
Ans • 1989
Pg -
• Negative outcomes:- 1+3=4 177,
i. Emphasis on pragmatic consideration rather than ideological 190,
positions. 192
ii. The political competition during the nineties is divided between the
coalition led by BJP and the coalition led by the Congress.
iii. Regional parties looked after the interest of their own states.
SECTION – D
Q28 Read the passage given below carefully and answer the questions
that follow :
It is important to remember that India chose to involve other
members of the non-aligned group in this mission. During the Cold
War, India repeatedly tried to activate those regional and
international organisations, which were not a part of the alliances led
by the superpowers. Nehru reposed great faith in ‘a genuine
Commonwealth of free and cooperating nations’ that would play a
positive role in softening, if not ending, the Cold War.
(a) Which two superpowers led their alliances?
(b) What type of positive role was expected from the free and
cooperating nations?
(c) Why did India want to involve other members of the non-aligned
group in the said mission ?
Ans (i)The USA and USSR

(ii)(a) Decolonised states sharea historical affiliation and can become a
powerful force if they come together. 1+2+2 Pg 12 ,
(b)Resolve to democratise the international system by thinking about an =5 13
alternative world order to redress existing inequities (or any other role).

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(iii) (a)India wanted to involve other members of NAM in this mission to
unite and strengthen the group.
(b)Active involvement would have an effective impact on the alliances.

Q29 Read the passage given below carefully and answer the questions
that follow :
Just before independence, it was announced by the British that with
the end of their rule over India, paramountcy of the British crown
over Princely States would also lapse. This meant that all these
States, as many as 565 in all, would become legally independent.
The British government took the view that all these States were free
to ............ This decision was left not to the people but to the princely
rulers of these States. This was a very serious problem and could
threaten the very existence of a united India.
(a) What is meant by ‘Princely States’?
(b) Highlight the three options given to the Princely States to decide
their own fate?
(c) Why were the options given to the Princely States considered as
a threat? Explain with examples.
Ans (i) Several large and small states ruled by princes with control over their
internal affairs and as long as they accepted British Supremacy were
called Princely States
(ii)(a)Princely states after becoming the legally independent were free to
join either India
(b)Princely states were given option of joining either Pakistan.
(c)Princely states were given option to remain independent day wished
so.
(iii)(a)After independence, there was a possibility of India getting further 1+2+2 Pg-
divided into small countries , therefore rulers were unwilling to give =5 14,16
democratic rights to their populations.
(b) The prospects of democracy for the people in the states looked bleak.
(c) Some rulers like Nawab of Bhopal were averse to joining Constituent
Assembly
(Any other relevant point)
Q30 Study the cartoon given below carefully and answer the questions
that follow :

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GLOBAL WARMING
(a)What is meant by global warming?
(b)Why are the fingers shown in the cartoon designed like chimneys ?
(c)What message does the world shown as a lighter, convey to the
mankind?
Ans (i) Overall rise in the temperature of the world due to various types of 1+2+2 Pg119
pollutions. =5
(Any other definition).

(ii) Because chimneys represent industries emitting pollutants and
poisonous gases which are harmful to the environment and human health. Pg-119
(iii) The world shown as a lighter indicates that the corrective actions
are taken by the world to protect the natural resources of the Earth. There
has been growing focus on environmental issues at the United Nations
Conferences on Environment and development .The problem of pollution
is being addressed all by all countries of the world. Pg-120
Q30 Note: The following questions are for the Visually Impaired
Candidates only in lieu of Q. No. 30.
(30.1) Why have the issues of environment and natural resources
become a part of world politics? Give any two reasons.
(30.2) Suggest any three measures to protect your surroundings
from pollution.
Ans For visually impaired candidates Pg 119
(30.1) (i)(a) Climate change, biodiversity forestry cannot be managed by Pg122
one country.
(b)The special needs of saving the environment and making it sustainable 2+3=5
must be taken into account in the development application and
interpretation of rules of international law
( any other relevant point)
(30.2)Measures:-
(a)Follow National auto Fuel policy. Pg-124
(b) Use renewable resources of energy.
(c)Promote awareness about global warming, environmental degradation
and promoting steps to manage the environment .
(Any other relevant measure).

Q31 In the given political outline map of India (on page 17), five States
have been marked as (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E). Identify these States
on the basis of the information given below and write their correct
names in your answer-book along with the respective serial number
of the informationused and the concerned alphabet given in the map
as per the followingformat:
Sr. no. of the Concerned Name of

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information used alphabet the
in the map State
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(i) The State where the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi took place.
(ii)The State related to B.P. Mandal who chaired the Second
Backward Classes Commission.
(iii) The region that became a separate State in 1986.
(iv) The State where the Left Parties won the majority of LokSabha
seats in 2004.
(v)The State where 'Operation Blue Star' took place.

Ans Sr. no. of the Concerned Name of the Pg-175,
information alphabet State 182
used in the map 162
5x1=5 191
(i) C Tamil Nadu 159

(ii) E Bihar
(iii) B Arunachal Pradesh
(iv) D Kerala

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(v) A Punjab
Note: In part (iii) students will be given marks on writing
“Arunachal Pradesh “ although the year “1986” is written wrongly
in Q Paper as it should be “1987”.
Q31 (31.1)In which State did the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi take
place?
Note: The following questions are for the Visually Impaired
Candidates only, in lieu of Q. No. 31.
(31.2)B.P. Mandal was related to which State ?
(31.3)Name the State from where L.K. Advani started his Rath
Yatra.
(31.4)The former Prime Minister, H.D. DeveGowda was elected
from which State ?
(31.5)The Golden Temple is situated in which State?
Ans For visually impaired candidates Pg-175
1. Tamil Nadu 182
2. Bihar 5x1=5 162
3. Somnath in Gujarat 191
4. Karnataka 159
5. Punjab
SECTION E
Q32 Highlight any six criteria proposed for the new permanent and
non-permanent members of the UN Security Council.
OR
Distinguish between the internal and external notions of
traditional security.
Ans ( i) A major economic power 6x1=6 Pg 89
(ii) A major military power
(iii) A substantial contributor to the UN budget
(iv)A big nation in terms of its population
(v) A nation that respects democracy and human rights.
(vi) A country that would make the council more representative of
the world's diversity in terms of geography,economic systems and
culture. Pg104
OR
Internal notion of Traditional security
(i)Internal military conflicts
(ii)Separatist movements
(iii)Internal violence and wars (Any other relevant points)

External notion of traditional security
(i)External military threats 3+3=6 Pg 103

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(ii)Deterance , defence and balance of power
(iii) Alliance building
(iv) Threat of war
(Any three)
Q33 Analyse India's changing relationship with the United States
of America after the end of the Cold War.
OR
Analyse any four factors responsible for the rise of the
Chinese economy.
Ans (i) After the disintegration of the USSR, relations with the U.S. 4x1½ =6 Pg 45
started to improve.
(ii) India and the US joined hands to combat terrorism after 9/11.
(iii) India -US civil nuclear deal was signed after the end of the cold
war.
(iv) India's step to liberalise its economy and integrating it with
global economy has attracted economic partnership of the US.
OR
(i)China ended its political economic isolation in 1972.
(ii)Modernisation in agriculture industry science and technology in
military growth.
(iii)Open door policy announced by China in 1978. Pg 58
(iv)Privatisation of agriculture led to a remarkable rise in 4x1½ =6 59
agricultural production and rural incomes
(Any other relevant point).
Q34. Describe any six events of the year 1967 which made it a
landmark year in India's political and electoral history.
OR
Describe the circumstances responsible for the declaration of
Emergency in India on 25th June, 1975.
Ans (i) The Country witnessed the worst Hindu Muslim riots and 6x1=6 Pg 86
public protests. 87
(ii) Anti congress parties were formed resulting in electoral 88
adjustment of sharing seats in others.
(iii) The result of electoral verdict jolted the Congress at the
centre and in states.
(iv) Coalitions led to form joint legislative parties.
(v) Role played by defections in making and unmaking of
governments.
(vi) Decline in India's economy due to depletion of foreign
exchange lead to trigger in India’s political situation.
OR
(i) Conflict between the government and judiciary.
(ii) Rising prices and low growth rate.

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(iii) Students movement in Bihar and Gujarat.
(iv) Railway strike of 1974. 6x1=6 Pg 108
(v) Massive demonstration organised by opponent party to
Congress.
(vi) Judgement of Allahabad high court against election
result of Indira Gandhi
(Any other relevant point) (any six)

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