CBSE Class 12 Question Paper 2026 Solution Design Thinking & Innovation

FOR CBSE CLASS 12 EXAM PREPARATION

CBSE Class 12 2026
Question Paper
Solution · Design
Thinking, Innovation
EXAM YEAR TYPE

CBSE Class 12 2026 Question Paper Solution
SUBJECT

Design Thinking, Innovation

Notes · Sample Papers · Previous Year Papers · Mock Tests

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Marking Scheme

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Strictly Confidential
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(For Internal and Restricted use only)
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Senior Secondary School Examination, 2026 (XIIth)
SUBJECT NAME : DESIGN THINKING & INNOVATION (Q.P. CODE : 372)

General Instructions: -
1 The CBSE has decided to introduce On Screen Marking (OSM) for the evaluation of
Class XII answer Book with the 2026 Examination.
2 You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct

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assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious

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problems which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and
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teaching profession. To avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation,
you must read and understand the spot evaluation guidelines carefully.
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“Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality
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of the examinations conducted, evaluation done and several other aspects. Its
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leakage to public in any manner could lead to derailment of the examination
system and affect the life and future of millions of candidates. Sharing this
policy/document to anyone, publishing in any magazine and printing in
Newspaper/Website, etc. may invite action under various rules of the Board
and IPC.”
4 Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should
not be done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking
Scheme should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while
evaluating, answers which are based on latest information or knowledge and/or
are innovative, they may be assessed for their correctness otherwise and due
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marks be awarded to them. In Class-XII, while evaluating two competency-
based questions, please try to understand given answer and even if reply is not

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from marking scheme but correct competency is enumerated by the candidate,
due marks should be awarded.
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The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers.
These are in the nature of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer.
The students can have their own expression and if the expression is correct, the due
marks should be awarded accordingly.
6 The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each
evaluator on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the
instructions given in the Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should
be zero after deliberation and discussion. The remaining answer books meant for
evaluation shall be given only after ensuring that there is no significant variation in
the marking of individual evaluators.
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7 Evaluators will mark ( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS ‘X’
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be marked. Evaluators will not put right (✓) while evaluating which gives an
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impression that answer is correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common

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If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part in

ag the OSM Portal. Marks awarded for different parts of the question will be totaled up
by the OSM System.
9 If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin
in the OSM Portal. This may also be followed strictly.

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10 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more
marks should be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra
Question”.
11 No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized
only once.
12 A full scale of marks __________ (example 0 to 80/70/60/50/40/30 marks as given in
Question Paper) has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if the
answer deserves it.
13 Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e., 8
hours every day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25
answer books per day in other subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).This is
in view of the reduced syllabus and number of questions in question paper.
14 Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the
Examiner in the past :-
● Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick
mark is correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with
the X for incorrect answer.)
● Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks
awarded.
15 While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it
should be marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0) Marks.
16 The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the
“Guidelines for Spot Evaluation” before starting the actual evaluation.
17 The candidates are entitled to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on
payment of the prescribed processing fee. All Examiners/Additional Head
Examiners/Head Examiners are once again reminded that they must ensure that
evaluation is carried out strictly as per value points for each answer as given in the
Marking Scheme.

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DESIGN THINKING & INNOVATIONa(Subject Code-848)
(PAPER CODE : 372) (P3720848)
Max. Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 60
Q.No. EXPECTED OUTCOMES/VALUE POINTS Marks
SECTION – A
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS (24 marks)
Answer any 4 questions out of given 6 questions.
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(1 × 4 = 4 marks)
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1. (i) Football 1
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(Unit-1, Page No. : 17) 1

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(ii) (B) Paranoid Personality disorder. 1
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1
(iii) Stress is a state of feeling upset, annoyed and
hopeless. 1
It also refers to a time period where one feels 1
nothing is working right. 1
(Unit-2, Page No. : 26)
(iv) (D) Range of cells
(Unit-3, Page No. : 46)
(v) (A) Vision
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(Unit-4, Page No. : 79)
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(vi) UNEP – United Nations Environment

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program. (Unit-5, Page No. : 112) s
2. (i)
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(b) Substitute. (S in aSCAMPER = 1
Substitute.)
(ii) (c) Prototyping. Building a working 1
model is prototyping.
(iii) (c) Visual explanation of the design. 1
Final presentations need clear
visuals to explain ideas.
(iv) (c) Sustainable thinking. Step well
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carvings showing water use reflect

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historical sustainability.

m (v) (b) Sensory engagement. Tactile textures 1
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a (vi) (b) Plot the sequence of activities on a
timeline
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3. (i) (b) Understand user behaviour deeply. 1
Shadowing captures real usage and context.
(ii) (a) Ideation. Color-coded post-its and 1
mind maps are ideation techniques.

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(iii) (b) By encouraging designers to consider
environmental impact of materials, energy use and
maintenance 1
(iv) (c) It brings unique insights and ideas to
explore different perspective 1
(v) (c) Market trends and patterns.
Secondary research reveals broader patterns and
1
benchmarks.
(vi) (c) Criticize ideas immediately to save
time

4. (i) (d) Improvements based on user 1
suggestions
(ii) (c) Iterating and improving ideas. Peer 1
suggestions fuel iteration.
(iii) (a) Prototyping 1
(iv) (c) Utility patents. Patents on how 1
something works are utility patents.
(v) (c) Inclusive design. Meeting all genders 1
and needs is inclusive design.
(vi) (c) User understanding. Empathy
1
mapping improves understanding of users.
5. (i) (c) Prototyping process. 3D renderings 1
and cardboard models are prototype artifacts.
(ii) (c) Keep slides concise, use visuals, practice 1
delivery and engage the evidence interactively
(iii) (c) To check market viability. Studying 1
finances/tests the business case.
(iv) (a) Undefined ideas. Abstract drawings 1
express nascent/undeveloped ideas.
(v) (c) Cultural behaviour patterns. Social 1
design must be grounded in culture.
(vi) (b) Visual demonstration of the concept. 1
SECTION - B
(Subjective Type Questions)
Answer any 3 out of the given 5 questions on
Employability Skills.

(3 x 2 = 6 marks)
6. The various Factors that affect active listening are
as follows :
(i) Eye contact – It is a form of body language.
It is one of the most important aspects in the
communication process.
(ii) Gestures – These indicate to the speaker if
you are listening or not.
(iii) Avoiding distractions – Need to identify (2)
things that distract you in order to listen
attentively.

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(iv) Giving feedback-Can be both positive and
negative but in both the cases should not
offend the other person.
(Unit-1, Page No. : 4)

(4 Heading- ½ marks each)
OR
(2 points – ½ marks for heading, ½ marks for
explanation)
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7. Antisocial (1×2)
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Borderline
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(i) Disregard for others
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(i)
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Emotional instability
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(ii) Lacks empathy or guilt (ii) Feels
guilty, acts impulsively
(Unit-2, Page No. : 35)

8. (i) They are interesting as they have features like
images, videos, animation and music.
(ii) Making changes in digital presentations is
easy.
(iii) A digital presentation can be shown to a
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much larger audience by projecting on a (0.5x4)
screen.
(iv) The presentation can be printed and
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distributed to the audience.
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(Unit-3, Page No. : 63)

9. (i) Initiative – An entrepreneur must be able to
initiate action and take advantage of an
opportunity.
(ii) Motivation – It is necessary for success in
every walk in life. Once you get motivated to
do something, you will not rest until you complete
it. (2)
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(iii) Self-Confidence – For achieving success in
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life, a person needs to have confidence in
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oneself.
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10.. Two ways to reduce greenhouse gases are : (1×2)
(i) Reduce the use of Fossil fuels by finding
alternate energy sources like CNG.
(ii) Using energy more efficiently in buildings,
transportation and industry reducing the overall
demand for energy. Ex. – LED bulbs.

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Short answers (20 – 30 words each – pick any 4)
– 2 marks each.

11. Examples of secondary resources in research 2
Secondary resources in research can improve
books, publications, newspaper, Interviews, with
experts and online content like articles and
websites.
12. Ways a traditional library becomes a creative hub 2
Answer : And maker-spaces, flexible seating,
workshops, digital access points, exhibit space for
student projects, and event programming to
encourage community creativity.

13. Empathy important in the design thinking process 2
Empathy helps designers understand the needs,
wants and pain points of the users, leading to more
user- centered solutions.

14. How SCAMPER supports creative exploration 2
Answer : SCAMPER prompts systematic idea
shifts (Substitute, Combine, Adapt, Modify, Put to
another use, Eliminate, Reverse) to generate
alternatives and reframe problems.

15. User feedback on prototypes important in the 2
design thinking process
User feedback on prototype helps identify
problems, improve the design and ensure the final
product meets user needs effectively.

16. Emphasized when presenting to different 2
stakeholders groups
Tailor content focus : technical details for peers,
business impact for industry experts, user benefits
for clients, learning outcomes for instructors.

Longer answers (50-80 words each – 4 marks
each)

17. Empathy and user research in modular desk design 4
Answer : Aditya’s measurements, observation and
interviews exemplify empathy-driven research: he
noticed real constraints (tiny desk, switching
materials), understood workflows and frustrations,
and translated them into features-modular shelves,
device holders, and adjustable surfaces. Empathy

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ensured the design addressed actual needs
(comfort, organisation, workflow) rather than
assumed problems, increasing the likelihood of
adoption and satisfaction.

18. Basic plan for a sustainable community kitchen – 4
at least four sustainability features
Answer : Features : (1) Solar-powered cooking /
heating to cut fossil fuel use;
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(2) Rainwater harvesting and filtration for
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cleaning; (3) Compost bins for food waste and
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supply of garden fertilizers; (4) Locally sourced,
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low-maintenance materials and shaded, permeable
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seating to reduce heat and runoff. Include
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accessible layout and educational signage on
sustainable practices.

19. How spatial-social mapping influences public 4
space design
Answer : Mapping showed demand for shaded
seating near greenery and avoidance of hot central
zones; designers can re-locate seating to cooler
edges, and shaded corridor, plant trees, create
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acoustic buffers, and redesign materials to reduce
heat. Data-driven placements optimize comfort,
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increase usage, and guide budget prioritisation for
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landscaping and shade structures.

20. Method to evaluate and refine
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ideation (prioritisation  sketches)
Answer : Use an impact-Feasibility matrix : score
each idea on user impact and technical/financial
feasibility, shortlist top quadrants, create rapid low-
fidelity sketches or prototypes for those, and run
quick user tests. Iterate based on feedback, re-
score and select concepts for development. This
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combines objective scoring with fast validation.
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21. How scenario building and concept videos improve 4
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stakeholder engagement
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abstraction, demonstrate usability and impact, and
foster empathy. Videos help decision-makers
visualize implementation, speed approval, and
attract support / partners by presenting clear,
shareable narratives and evidence of user
acceptance.

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22. Differentiate design vs utility patents; steps to file
a design patent in india
Answer : A utility patent protects 1
functional/technical inventions (how something
works); a design patent (or registered design)
protects the ornamental / visual appearance (shape,
pattern).
Steps to file a design patent in India (concise) :
1. Conduct a design search to ensure novelty. 3
2. Prepare drawings/photographs clearly
showing the design.
3. File application with the Controller General
of Patents, Designs & Trade Marks (include
representation and statement).
4. Request examination and respond to
objections if any.
5. On acceptance, the design is registered and
published.

-oOo-

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