CBSE Class 12 Psychology Question Paper 2019 Solutions

M.M.: 70 PSYCHOLOGY PAPER CODE 63 (SET - 4) March, 2019

MARKING SCHEME
NCERT Book for reference Dec. 2017

Q.No Page Distribution
No of Marks
PART - A
1. Gifted 13 1
OR
(a) The ability to learn from past experiences
8 1
(c) Creative problem solving
(both a and c are correct)

2. Type - D 31 1
3. Rationalisation, Reaction formation (both are correct) 35 1
4. Emotion oriented, Avoidance oriented 61 1
(both may be marked correct)
5. Fundamental attribution error….….….….….….….…. True 122 1
An attitude change ….….….….….….……………… …False
Due to absence of sub division of questions 5/8, both responses
of True or False should be accepted as correct.
6. Self – Efficacy 164 1
7. Cognitive therapy 99 1
8. True 120 1
OR
False
Due to absence of sub division of questions 5/8, both responses
of True or False should be accepted as correct. 117

9. Objectivity, Scientific orientation, standardized interpretation 187 1
(any one of them)
10. Group Polarisation 138 1
PART – B
11. A new discipline called behaviour Medicine has emerged, which 173 2
seeks to alleviate stress due to diseases through modification in
behaviour.
OR
The concept emphasizes that instead of use of prescribed drugs
to alleviate stress, behaviour modification is need.

Q.No Page Distribution
No of Marks
OR
A belief system, convinces the person that she/he will continue
to remain poor. It is carried over from one generation of the poor 167 1+1
to the next.
12 Less conformity is found under private expression than it is seen 142 2
under public expression.

13 Karen Horney – women are more likely to be affected by social 38-39
and cultural factors than by biological factors.
1+1
Freud – has used males as the prototype of all human
personality development. He overlooked female experiences
and perspectives. Freud treated women as inferior.
14 Cognitive distortions are ways of thinking which are general in 99 1
nature but which distort reality in a negative manner. They lead
to errors of cognition about social reality.
e.g. I am ugly. I am stupid etc. 1

15. The state of physical, emotional and psychological exhaustion is 59 2
known as burnout.
OR
 Increase in the production of certain hormones –
adrenaline and cortisol, changes in the heart rate, blood 57 1+1
pressure levels.
 Sleep disturbances.
 Release of epinephrine and nor-epinephrine.
 Slowing down of the digestive system.
 Expansion of air passage in the lungs.
 Increased heart rate.
 Constriction of blood vessels. ½+½+½+½
(Any four points from above)
16. Intrapersonal communication involves communicating with 183 ½
yourself.
e.g. – thought processes, personal decision making, focusing on
self, talking aloud to oneself.
½
Interpersonal communication refers to the communication that
takes place between two or more persons who establish a ½
communicative relationship.
E.g. – Face to face or mediated conversations, interview and ½
small group discussions.

PART – C
Q.No Page Distribution
17  Characteristics of the existing attitude valence, 114-
extremeness, simplicity or complexity and centrality. 117
 Source characteristics – credibility and attractiveness.
 Message characteristics – rational, emotional appeal,
motives, mode.
1+1+1
 Target characteristics – persuasibility, strong prejudices,
self-esteem and intelligence.
(any three points with explanation)
OR
If attitude change is explained using 2 step concept, using
source and target factors relating to an example.. 2

18. Role of culture – Asian Culture (Buddhism, Mindfulness) 186 3
OR
Box No. 186
1+1+1
 Recognise that both the sender as well as the receiver have
equal responsibility in
 making effective communication.
 Refrain from forming an early judgment about information
that is being
 communicated. Be open to all ideas.
 Be a patient listener. Do not be in a hurry to respond.
 Avoid ego speak. That is, do not talk only about what you
want to talk about. Give
 consideration also to others and to what they say.
 Be careful to the emotional responses which certain words
are likely to bring about.
 Be aware that your posture affects your listening.
 Control distractions.
 If in doubt, try to paraphrase. Also check with the sender
whether s/he has been
 correctly understood by you.
 Visualise what is being said. That is, try to translate the
message in the form of a concrete action.
(Any three points from the above)

Q.No Page Distribution
OR
 Body Language or non verbal communication is important 186- 2
(gestures, posture, eye contact clothing style together that
is in cluster) 187 +
 Congruency – verbal & non verbal 1
(any relevant points)
19 1. Prejudices are usually negative attitude. 118 1
2. Cognitive component of prejudice is stereotype.
1
3. Affective component of prejudice is frequently
accompanied by hatred & dislike. 1

4. Behavioral component of prejudice is discrimination.
5. Discrimination can be shown without prejudice.
6. Whenever discrimination and prejudice exists, conflicts
are likely to arise within the group.
7. Discriminatory behavour can be curbed by law.
8. Any relevant answer.
(Any 3 points from above).
20 1. Intensity, predictability, controllability 157
2. Simple mental task – people adapt and get used
3. Unpredictable noise – disturbing
4. Difficult task – task performance
5. Interesting
6. Emotional, cognitive,
(any three points from above)
1+1+1
PART – D
21 PASS model 09 1
Interdependent functioning of 3 neurological systems, +
Attention/ arousal, simultaneous and successive processing and
3
planning.
(Detailed explanation)
22 Organised, two or more individuals, interact, interdependent, 130- 1
common motives, role relationship, norms that regulate 132
+
behaviour.
 Security, Status , Self esteem, Satisfaction of psycho 3
social needs, Goal achievement
 Provide knowledge
(Explain any 3)

Q.No Page Distribution
OR
1
 Members interact with each other
+
136
 Norms, Role, Status , Cohesiveness
3
(Explain any three)

23 Sudden temporary alterations of consciousness that blot out 78 1
painful experiences. +
Severance of connection between ideas and emotions, feelings 3
of unreality, loss or shift of identity

 Dissociative Amnesia

 Dissociative identity disorder

 Depersonalzation/ Derealisation

(Explanation of the above. In case only the names of disorders
½
are written without explaining, marks to be given).

OR

Oppositional Defiant disorder display age – inappropriate
amounts of stubbornness, are irritable, defiant disobedient and 84 2
behave in a hostile manner. Individuals with ODD do not see
themselves as angry, oppositional, or defiant and often justify
their behaviour as reaction to circumstances/ demand,
problematic interactions with others.
(Any 4 points to be written).
Conduct disorder and antisocial bahaviour refer to age –
inappropriate action, and attitudes that violate family 2
expectations, societal norms, and the personal or property rights
of others. Include aggressive actions that cause or threaten
harm to people or animals, non aggressive conduct that causes
property damage, major deceitfulness or theft and serious role
violations. Children show many different types of aggressive
behaviour. Such as verbal aggression, physical aggression
hostile aggression and proactive aggression.
(Any 4 points to be written.

Q.No Page Distribution
No of Marks
24 Albert Ellis Rational Emotive therapy. 99 3

A, B, C analysis, to be explained +

 (Antecedent, belief and consequence) and example 1
explaining the three points.

 Non directive questioning – Gentle without probing, leads
to reduction in psychological distress.

25 Sources of Psychological stress 55 4
 Frustration
 Conflict
 Pressure – (Internal and external)
 In case the student mentions, these are internal sources
of stress, and not written one or more the above points,
he/she will be given one mark.
OR
 Life events 2
 Daily Hassels If written
 Traumatic event

26 19-20 2
All creative people are intelligent

 Creativity and intelligence in positively correlated. +

 All intelligent people may not be creative creativity tests 2

measure.

Second parts of the questions

 Imagination

 Spontaneity.

 They are open ended

 Focus on divergent thinking,

 No right or wrong answers

 Originality.

(any two points from above)

Q.No Page Distribution
26 –
27  Self concept – How we perceive ourselves and ideas we
hold about our competencies to find out about one’s self 27 1½
concept best is to ask the person himself.

 Self Esteem – value judgement of oneself. 1½
Some have a high self esteem.

Some have a low self esteem.

 Self efficacy – extent to which people believe they control
1½
their outcomes rather than by luck or fate.

(The 2nd part is not in the text book therefore all children
1½
will get Marks)
OR
 Used for assessment in educational and industrial setting.
 Generally taken by people who know the assessee. 47
 They attempt to put individuals into certain categories in
terms of their behavioural qualities.
3
 The categories may involve different numbers or
descriptor.

 In order to use ratings effectively, the traits should be
clearly defined in terms of carefully started behavioural
anchors.

(Any 3 points to be explained from the above points.
Limitations

1) Halo effect. 1
2) Middle category and extreme response. 2
(Explanation of the above)

Q.No Page Distribution
No of Marks
28 a) Deviance Two approaches 70 2

b) Distress OR  Deviation from social norms.

c) dysfunction  Maladaptive behaviour

d) danger

(Explanation of the above)

(Second part, ‘historical background’, not in curriculum 2018-19 4
therefore everyone would get marks).

OR

Psychological models – These factors include maternal
deprivation faulty parent child relationships, maladaptive family
74-75
structures and severe stress.

Model
1½
 Psychodynamic
1½
 Behavioural model
1½
 Cognitive model
1½
 Humanistic model

(Explanation of all 4 models 1½ for each model

OR

Psychological models–These factors include maternal
1
deprivation faulty parent child relationships, maladaptive family
½+½+
structures and severe stress.
½+½+