NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science (Geography) Chapter 2 Inside Our Earth
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Book Name: Our Environment
Subject: Geography
Chapter Number: 2
Chapter Name: Inside Our Earth
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Book Name: Our Environment
Subject: Geography
Chapter Number: 2
Chapter Name: Inside Our Earth
You can also bookmark this page by clicking + Save to Library icon and refer to these NCERT Solutions anytime from your account. More Detail
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Page 1
NCERT
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 7TH
aglase .co
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 7TH
aglase .co
Page 2
Book : Our Environment Ncert Solutions | Chapter-2 Geography
Class : 7th
Subject : Geography
Chapter : 2
Chapter Name : Inside Our Earth
Q1 What are the minerals found in your state? Collect some samples to show in your
class.
Answer. DIY
Page : 10 , Block Name : Let’s do
Q1 Answer the following questions.
(i) What are the three layers of the Earth?
(ii) What is a rock?
(iii) Name three types of rocks.
(iv) How are extrusive and intrusive rocks formed?
(v) What do you mean by a rock cycle?
(vi) What are the uses of rocks?
(vii) What are metamorphic rocks?
Answer. (i) The three layers of the Earth are the crust, the mantle and the core.
(ii) A rock refers to any natural mass of mineral matter that makes up the Earth’s crust.
(iii) Igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks are the three types of rocks.
(iv) Extrusive rocks are formed when the molten magma present inside the Earth’s
interior comes out onto the Earth’s surface, cools down and becomes solid. When molten
magma cools down and solidi�es deep within the Earth’s crust, intrusive rocks are
formed.
(v)The transformation of one type of rock into another, under certain conditions and in a
cyclical manner is referred to as the rock cycle. For example, igneous rocks, formed as a
result of the solidi�cation of molten magma, may break down into small particles, which
may then be transported and deposited to form sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary and
igneous rocks transform into metamorphic rocks when subjected to heat and pressure.
These metamorphic rocks may themselves get broken down to form sedimentary rocks,
or they may melt under great heat and pressure to form molten magma, which would
then once again solidify to form igneous rocks.
(vi) Some of the uses of rocks are as follows:
(a) For building roads, houses and buildings
(b) For making jewellery
Page 1 of 4 Aglasem Schools
Class : 7th
Subject : Geography
Chapter : 2
Chapter Name : Inside Our Earth
Q1 What are the minerals found in your state? Collect some samples to show in your
class.
Answer. DIY
Page : 10 , Block Name : Let’s do
Q1 Answer the following questions.
(i) What are the three layers of the Earth?
(ii) What is a rock?
(iii) Name three types of rocks.
(iv) How are extrusive and intrusive rocks formed?
(v) What do you mean by a rock cycle?
(vi) What are the uses of rocks?
(vii) What are metamorphic rocks?
Answer. (i) The three layers of the Earth are the crust, the mantle and the core.
(ii) A rock refers to any natural mass of mineral matter that makes up the Earth’s crust.
(iii) Igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks are the three types of rocks.
(iv) Extrusive rocks are formed when the molten magma present inside the Earth’s
interior comes out onto the Earth’s surface, cools down and becomes solid. When molten
magma cools down and solidi�es deep within the Earth’s crust, intrusive rocks are
formed.
(v)The transformation of one type of rock into another, under certain conditions and in a
cyclical manner is referred to as the rock cycle. For example, igneous rocks, formed as a
result of the solidi�cation of molten magma, may break down into small particles, which
may then be transported and deposited to form sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary and
igneous rocks transform into metamorphic rocks when subjected to heat and pressure.
These metamorphic rocks may themselves get broken down to form sedimentary rocks,
or they may melt under great heat and pressure to form molten magma, which would
then once again solidify to form igneous rocks.
(vi) Some of the uses of rocks are as follows:
(a) For building roads, houses and buildings
(b) For making jewellery
Page 1 of 4 Aglasem Schools
Page 3
Book : Our Environment Ncert Solutions | Chapter-2 Geography
(c) For cutting and drilling purposes
(d) The fossilised remains of plants and animals present in rocks help in scienti�c
research.
(e) The different minerals that make up different rocks are used as fuels, medicines,
fertilisers, and in various industries.
(vii) Metamorphic rocks are the rocks that get formed under great heat and pressure.
Igneous and sedimentary rocks, when subjected to heat and pressure, get transformed
into metamorphic rocks.
Page : 10 , Block Name : Exercise
Q2 Tick the correct answer.
(i) The rock which is made up of molten magma is
(a) Igneous (b) Sedimentary (c) Metamorphic
(ii) The innermost layer of the earth is
(a) Crust (b) Core (c) Mantle
(iii) Gold, petroleum and coal are examples of
(a) Rocks (b) Minerals (c) Fossils
(iv) Rocks which contain fossils are
(a) Sedimentary rocks (b) Metamorphic rocks (c) Igneous rocks
(v) The thinnest layer of the earth is
(a) Crust (b) Mantle (c) Core
Answer. (i) - (a)
(ii) - (b)
(iii) - (b)
(iv) - (a)
(v) - (a)
Page : 10 , Block Name : Exercise
Q3 Match the following.
Page 2 of 4 Aglasem Schools
(c) For cutting and drilling purposes
(d) The fossilised remains of plants and animals present in rocks help in scienti�c
research.
(e) The different minerals that make up different rocks are used as fuels, medicines,
fertilisers, and in various industries.
(vii) Metamorphic rocks are the rocks that get formed under great heat and pressure.
Igneous and sedimentary rocks, when subjected to heat and pressure, get transformed
into metamorphic rocks.
Page : 10 , Block Name : Exercise
Q2 Tick the correct answer.
(i) The rock which is made up of molten magma is
(a) Igneous (b) Sedimentary (c) Metamorphic
(ii) The innermost layer of the earth is
(a) Crust (b) Core (c) Mantle
(iii) Gold, petroleum and coal are examples of
(a) Rocks (b) Minerals (c) Fossils
(iv) Rocks which contain fossils are
(a) Sedimentary rocks (b) Metamorphic rocks (c) Igneous rocks
(v) The thinnest layer of the earth is
(a) Crust (b) Mantle (c) Core
Answer. (i) - (a)
(ii) - (b)
(iii) - (b)
(iv) - (a)
(v) - (a)
Page : 10 , Block Name : Exercise
Q3 Match the following.
Page 2 of 4 Aglasem Schools
Page 4
Book : Our Environment Ncert Solutions | Chapter-2 Geography
Answer.
Page : 10 , Block Name : Exercise
Q4 Give reasons.
(i) We cannot go to the centre of the Earth.
(ii) Sedimentary rocks are formed from sediments.
(iii) Limestone is changed into marble.
Answer. (i) The centre of the Earth, lying about 6000 km from the ocean �oor, is
characterised by extremely high temperature and pressure. There is only molten magma
at Earth’s centre. Oxygen is absent from this region. Such conditions do not permit the
survival of any living organism. Thus, we cannot go to the centre of the Earth.
(ii) When big rocks break down into small fragments (or sediments), the fragments are
transported and deposited by factors like water and wind. The loose sediments compress
and harden over the years to form layers and layers of rocks. These rocks are known as
sedimentary rocks.
(iii) Limestone is an example of a sedimentary rock. When it is subjected to conditions of
extreme heat and pressure, it gets converted into marble, which is a metamorphic rock.
Page : 11 , Block Name : Exercise
Page 3 of 4 Aglasem Schools
Answer.
Page : 10 , Block Name : Exercise
Q4 Give reasons.
(i) We cannot go to the centre of the Earth.
(ii) Sedimentary rocks are formed from sediments.
(iii) Limestone is changed into marble.
Answer. (i) The centre of the Earth, lying about 6000 km from the ocean �oor, is
characterised by extremely high temperature and pressure. There is only molten magma
at Earth’s centre. Oxygen is absent from this region. Such conditions do not permit the
survival of any living organism. Thus, we cannot go to the centre of the Earth.
(ii) When big rocks break down into small fragments (or sediments), the fragments are
transported and deposited by factors like water and wind. The loose sediments compress
and harden over the years to form layers and layers of rocks. These rocks are known as
sedimentary rocks.
(iii) Limestone is an example of a sedimentary rock. When it is subjected to conditions of
extreme heat and pressure, it gets converted into marble, which is a metamorphic rock.
Page : 11 , Block Name : Exercise
Page 3 of 4 Aglasem Schools
Page 5
Book : Our Environment Ncert Solutions | Chapter-2 Geography
Q5 For fun.
(i) What are the minerals most commonly used in the following objects?
(ii) Identify some more objects made up of different minerals.
Answer.
Page : 11 , Block Name : Exercise
Page 4 of 4 Aglasem Schools
Q5 For fun.
(i) What are the minerals most commonly used in the following objects?
(ii) Identify some more objects made up of different minerals.
Answer.
Page : 11 , Block Name : Exercise
Page 4 of 4 Aglasem Schools
Document Details
| Board / Org | NCERT |
| Exam | Class 7 |
| Type | Solution |
| Pages | 5 |
| Updated | 30 Apr 2026 |