Bihar Board Class 11th 12th Syllabus Political Science

Political Science
( Class-XI)
Rationale
e' are introduced to the diverse
At the higher secondary level students who opts for 'Political Scienc
the students to engage with Political
concerns of a Political Scientists. At this level the course tries to enable
tanding of the historical context that has
process that surrounds them and provide them with an unders
various streams of the discipline of the
shaped the present. The course introduces the students to the
Political Science.

Objectives
e.
(i) To enable the students to understand in basic texts of Political Scienc
es with different streams of
(ii) To en~ble the students in establishing the rel::ition of Pol. Scienc
humanities.

(iii) To aquaint them with different Political Ideologies.
, privatisation and globalisation . .,...
(iv) To make the children aware of the modern concepts - as liberalisation

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---- ~ q1a,f'4cfi (XI-XII) Ql&_Qc:fiq-2007-09

Political Science
Class-XI
yoLJTICAL THEORY
;;;.---
-- _..
oNIT CONTENTS
AIM TEACHING -PE RI OD
' #
---1 Concept of Politics:-
(i)
To give the kno wled ge
M ET HO DS
Lecture cum
'
Na tur e, De fin itio n & scop
e o l o f Po l itic a l sc ie nce
Political Sci enc e. dis c uss ion
i n t e rd is c ip I in ar y me tho d
(ii) Tra dit ion al & mo der
n vie w, relatio n & imp ort
cha rac ter isti cs & dif fer enc es. an ce.
(iii) Relation of Political Sci
ence with
oth er soc ial sci enc es - His
tor y,
Ec on om ics , So cio log y,
Psy cho log y, Ge og rap hy
&
Philosophy.
(iv) Sig nif ica nce of the
stu dy o l
Political Sci enc e.
2 State:-
(i) De fin itio n To give the kno wle dge Lec tur e cum 15
(ii) Ess ent ial ele me nts of of an essential ele me nts dis cus sio n
Sta te of sta te.
(iii) Na tur e , Jus tif ica tio n ' me tho d
-&
imp ort anc e of Sta te.

3. Theories of the Origin of Sta .
te: - To acq uai nt the m with
(i) Div ine Th eor y Lec tur e cum ~ ~

(ii) the the ori es of the
Fo rce Th eor y dis cus sio n
ori gin of the sta te.
(iii) Soc ial con tra ct the ory ir.ethod
(iv) Ev olu tio nar y Th eor y
4. Sovereignty :-
To giv e the kno wle dge
(i) De fin itio n Lec tur e cum 15
of sov ere ign ty and
(ii) Ch ara cte ris tic s dis cus sio n
exp lai n the
(iii) Kin ds me tho d
ch ara cte ris tic s of
(iv) Ch ara cte ris tic s of mo
ni s tic & Plu ral isti c & imp act
plu ral isti c. of
globalization.
(v) Im pac t of Glo bli zat ion
.
5. Key Concepts:-
(i ) To giv e the Lec tur e cum
(i) La w :- Me ani ng, sou rce 36
, typ e, kno wle dge of the
rel atio n bet we en law & eth key dis cus sio n
ics . concep ts of Pol itic s.
(ii) Liberty :-M ean ing , me tho d
Ty pes (ii) To dev elo p Pol itic al ·
(iii) Eq ua lity :- Me an
in g , typ es , cou nci ou- sne
ss .
rel ati on bet we en lib ert
y & a
equ alit y.
(iv) Ju sti ce :- Me ani ng ,
Fe atu res ,
Ty pe, Soc ial jus tic e.
(v) Ri gh ts :- Me an ing
, Ty pe s,
Ch ara cte ris tic s, Di ffe
ren ce
the ori es, La ski s vie w of Rig
ht.
(vi') Duties ~- Me ani ng, Du
ty of an
Ide al cit ize n , Re lat i on
shi p
bet we en Rig hts & dut ies .

--- ~ q1wf~iifi (XI-XII) Qlq_il<Filf-2
007-09 ,

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1•01 it ical Sc ie nc e
( class-XII)
Ratioaql,t
pro vis ion s and the wo rkin g of lhe co
s cou rse see ks lo dee pen lhe unders land ing of the . . ll~tl!Q11.
Thi • • •
th n as a Pol i1ica 1d ',
• d into thm km g of e con Sllf utio
ge the stu den t s hou ld be init iate Ocu~
ofl ndi a. At this sta ouraged
e. The stu de nts sho uld also be enc
II(

a soc iety at a give n poi nt of tim to rli1n~
tha t reftects the values of d . · st · 11 ·in the proces
d 15 ' '
. . doc um ent that has con slan tly evo lve an s of furc
of the con st1t ut1 on as a livi ng ~,
refi nem ent .

Obi,cti,,,, o.f LurniaK
. ;
nce s in whi ch the con Shtu1
hisl oric al pro ces ses and circ um sta 00
(i) To ena ble stud enl s to und erst and
was dra fted .
t gui ded them akersof
to be fam ilia r wit h the div ers e ver sio n tha
(ii) Pro vid e opp ortu nity for stud ent s
the Ind ian con stit utio n.
tical wIC,
visi on of the con stit utio n hav e wo rke d in rea l poli
(iii) An aly se the way s in whi ch the pro
ern me nt wit h special emphasis
the wor kin g of the loca l sel f gov
(iv) To ena ble the stud ent s to foc us on
on Bih ar.

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INDIAN GO VER NM ENT S AN D POL
Political Science
Class--Xll
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ITI CS
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UNIT CO NT EN TS AIM TEA C H fNG
PER IOD
- Making of Indian cons titut ion and Its To
ME TH OD S
I. enable the students
~
goal:- Lecture cum 15
to understand the goals di scussion
(i) Constitutional Development
and dev elop men t of method
~
(ii) Sources of constitution
Indian constitution.
(iii) Constituent Assembly
(iv) Preamble
2. Sali ent feature of Indian constitution To
enable the students Lecture cum 5
to know the features of disc ussi on
Indian C(!nstit-ution. method
3. Working of federalism in India:-
I To enable the students Lecture and 15
(i) Indian federation and its units
in und erst and ing the disc ussi on
(ii) Proc ess of chan ges of nam
e, working, function and
boundary and territory of state.
role of the government,
(iii) Controversial issues.
wor king of fede ral
(iv) Aim and characteristics of fede
ral structure.
stat e.
(v) Unit ary feat ures
.
4. Fundamental Rights and Duties :-
To aquaint student with Lecture and 15
~
(i) Mea ning (ii) Importance
fundamental rights and disc ussi on
(iii) Cha ract erist ics
directive principles of
(iv) Am end men ts in fund ame ntal
state policy.
righ ts.
5. Directive principles of State Policy:- To
enable the students Lecture and
(i) Natu re and sour ces 15
to acq uire · the Di'scussion
(ii) Diff eren ce betw een fund~mental kno
wle dge and
righ ts and dire ctiv e prin cipl es of importance
of directive
state policy. prin cipl es of stat e
(iii) Imp orta nce policy.
6. Union Executives : To impart knowledge of
(i) Pre side nt :- Elec tion , Pow ers, power, Lect ure and
function and role disc ussi on
fun ctio ns, real pos itio n, of pres ide nt, vice -
impeachment. pres iden t, cou ncil of
(ii) Vic e-P resi den t :- Ele ctio n min iste
rs, and thei r
Pow er & function. cons titut iona l state s.
(iii) Cou ncil of .Mi nist ers :-
Com pos itio n (wi th spe cial
refe renc e to coal ition politics).
(iv) Pri me min iste r :- Pow er,
Fun ctio n, Dut ies+ Role.
Parliament: To mak e awa re with Lect ure and
(i) Lok Sab ha: -Co mpo sitio n, parl iame nt, pow
er and disc ussi on
Power, func tion . importance.
(ii) Raj ya-S abh a:- Com pos itio n,

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Power, function.

~ q1a«f'lcfi (XI-XII) Ql~qi;fiq - 2007.09 ,.

TEACHING
AIM METHODS PEllJob
UNIT CONTENT S Lecture and
15
State Executive: To make aware the discussion
8. th
(I) Governor:- Power, Function and and st udents wi power
function of
Position. or council of
(U) Council of Ministers :• govern · d chief
5t
Power function and role1·with Mini ers and their
' . ministers an
special reference
. to coa tt1on changing role.
. .
poI1t1cs.
(Iii) Chief Minister :- Power,
function, duties and role . Lecture and 15
To enable the students Discussion
State legislature :-
9. about the importance
(i) ·Bihar legislative assemJ>ly- and utility of legislative
Composition , power and council and assembly.
function .
(ii) Bihar legislative council-
Composition , power and

.
10;
(i)
function.
Indian Judiciary :-
Supreme court
Organisation and function.
of India :-
To aquiant the students
with judicial, system of
India.
Lecture and
discussion

(ii) Patna High Court:-

I-
r.
Organisation and functions.
(iii) Lok Adalat, Fast Tract Courts,
~.U.___J._ _.:.,F~am~ilLy~C~o:::u::rt:.s,~P~I:.::L::...- ➔ -.+t Lecture and 15 .Jl
11. Eiectroal system in India·:- To i nip art the discussion
(i) Election Commission -~ knowledge to students
(ii} Electoral Process :- Maladies about electoral process.
and reforms.
(iii) Importance of Voting '
(iv) Party system -· l{nd, role of
opposi~ion.
Lecture and
Workingoflo calselfgovern ment with To make the students to
12. discussion
special reference to Bihar :- understand the working
(i) 73 rd and 74'h ·constitutiona l and role of local self
government at grass
amendments.
(if) Bihar Panchayati Raj root level.
(Amendment) Act - 2006
(iii) · Rural and Urban local govt
15
Lecture and
• -~ 13. Nationallnteg rationandcha llenges :- To make aware with
important challenges of discussion
~ (i) Communalism
(ii) Regionalism Indian ~emocracy.
~ (iii) .Casteism (iv) Naxalism ---

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~ (i) Determinants nding -about Indian Discussion
(ii) Basic principles with special foreign policy and
reference to.nuclear policy. . regional and
(iii) NAM, SAARC, UNO :,
I~ Internat ional

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"o;;EI q,wfltq:; (XI-XII) ,:<ft(4 9'"'

fundamentals of Physical Geography
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Clas.1J•XI
H
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UNIT
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KEY CONCEPTS LEA RNING ACTIVITY / 7' ~
OUTCOME RESOU RCE 1 ·~
I. Geography as a • Nature and Scope • Nature and sco pe • O ,scussion o n 1 ¢J'f)'
discipline
• Science & Spatial attributes is important in the Geography 11s u
subject study. dis ci plin e
• Branches of Geography
• Importance of through Charts
• Importance of physical and diagram.
Geograph y and
geography (Nature and scope)
the knowledge of
Reasons : Added for the initial
its field etc.
knowledge of Geography.
2. Earth • Origin and Evolution of the • Earth and it s • To prepare a
Earth.
related fact ex. its model of the
• Interior of the Earth.
structure and interior of the
• Wegener's continental drift
knowledge about earth .
theory and plate tectonics.
its happening
• Geological process
phenomena.
Earthquake, volcanoes.
3. Landforms • Minerals and Rocks • To gi ve • To give
• Types of Rocks and its knowledge about knowledge
characteristics. the changes that about landforms
• Geomorphic process take place in the o f
weathering and erosion. physiography of the nearest
• Landforms and its types. the earth. places through
• Also to impart field survey /
knowledge about soil short tour. To
formation. show areas of soil
4. Climate • Composition and structure • To impart • 4f8S~1{.·e knowl-
• Elements of Weather and knowledge of the edge of weather
Climate. Atmosphere and phenomena's
• Insolation : Angle of incidence its weather and through observa-
of Sun's ray & distribution. Climate. tions and experi
• Heat Budget ments.
• Heating and Cooling of • Effects of changing • Discussion on
Atmosphere. weather phenomena Geography as a
• Conduction, Convection, on human beings. discipline
Radiation. through Charts
• Problems of Global Warming. and diagram.
• Green House Effects.
• Pressure Belts.
• Winds.:... Planetary, Seasonal &
Local and its effects.
• Air masses and fronts.
• Cyclones Tropical &
Temperate.
• Condensation and
Evaporation process.
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~ i:uwf'ic:fi (XI-XII) qjq_iiil-i4-2007-09

UNI T KEY CON CEP TS
• Fo"" " of cond engU on : Dew.
frost. fog, mist & cloud s.
• Precipitation.
• Type s of Rainfall.
• Hydr osph ere is an • Thro ug h ~I ·
5. Hydr osphe re • Hydrological Cycle .
impo rtant resou rce and diagrams. ap, I
(Wat er) ocean s • Study of Submarine Relie f. on Earth . Ther efore
• Distr ibuti on of temp eratu re its know ledg e is II
and Salin ity. neces sary.
• Mov emen ts of Ocea n wate r- r
wavcs, tides and curre nts.
. • To give know ledge of • To prepa re--
6. Biosp here • Ecos ystem s Bios ystem whic h Model ~
• Role of Man in Ecol ogic al Ecosystem.
0
gives know ledge of
Imbalance. cal syste m also
physi
• Hum an and Envi ronm ental
at this level.
effec ts.
• To give know ledge of
vario us aspe cts of
Econ omic Geog r-
aphy.

Eco nom ic Geography
LEA RNI NG ACT IVIT Y/
UNI T KEY CON CEP TS OUT COM E RESOURCE
• Mean ing and Scope. • Infor mati on abou t • Char ts & Models.
1. Reso urce
• Conc ept Reso urces .
• Classification and Conservation.
• Majo r natur al Regi ons of • Infor mati on abou t • Usag e of Maps
2 Man and
the world : Econ omic acti- and Globe.
Envir onme nt
- Equatorial Region vity.
- Mons oon Region • To infor m abou t
- Trop ical Regio n the cons eque nces
- Temp erate grass land. on Hum an life
• Human Life and Econ omy of
Econ omic activ ities.
3. Main crop s of • Grai ns - Rice , Whe at & • To make unde rstan d, • Maps
the World Pulse s. the need of grain s I • Proje ct works
I~ •
Cash Crop s - Cott on & crops in the daily life. • Diagrams
~ Suga rcane . • To make unde rstan d
• Plant ation Crop s : Tea the effec t of
l_cf:3 • Milk Production agric ultur e on
~ • Geog raph ical cond ition s, Worl d's econ omy.
I~ distri butio n and world -trad e of
➔-
~1+-d_iferntco.;p:'su Know ledge of Majo r • Map s ao<l
•
1.cf:3 4. Majo r indus tries • Utili ty and distr ibuti on of
Indu strie s of the Diagrams.
~
th Iron- ore, Cotto n-tex tile.
of e World
41! Facto rs of Indus triali zatio n and
Worl d and its effec t
_._~ its effec ts on the econo my. on the econ omy.

-
practical Assi2nm ent
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I. Basics of Map • Types of Maps and Scales . • Aim of Map s tudy • Line forma tion.
(Fund ament als • Findin g directi on on Map. is to bring the To show so me U
of Map) • Use of Symbo ls (Conventional) landfo rms and its Major places and ~
• Projec tions - Types and Utility. featur es on a plain landf orm s and I~
• Conic al projec tion with I paper and to world map. ~
standa rd parallel. provid e know -
ledge of its study.
2 Study of Maps • Study of topog raphic al - • To give know ledge • Topo- sheet
Relate d to sheet (Topo -sheel)
of landfo rms throug h • Maps
Landf orms and • Topos heet of Bihar , Based • Conv entio nal
We ath er maps.
on R : f l :50,00 0 repres ented by symbo ls
Phen omen a A.S .I. (Archa eologi cal Survey
(fOPO SHEET) of India) .

3. Conto ur Lines • Profile s on the basis of Conto ur • Study of conve
rse • Maps
lines. topog raphy on • Topos heet
• Moun tains, Platea u, Valley s, plain land and its
Water fall & Slope. knowledge.
4. Utilit y of • Therm omete r • Readi ngs of • To note the
Weather Relate d • Barom eter I n s t r u m e n t tempe rature of
I trume nts • Rain-g auge necess ary classr oom and
• Readi ngs of Instrum ents
to discu ss its
differe nces.
5. P r a c t i c a I • Recor ds • Serial maint enanc e • Surve y, field
Recor ds • Practi cal books and repres entati on survey,
of Practic al record s. • Pictu risati on of
Practi cal works .

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~ q,~f'4cfi (XI-XII) qi<\_~c;fiq-2007.09

CLASS-XII
I , 1

o u TCO~IE RESOUR ct
UNIT KEY CONCEPTS l'

• To tell about impor-
I. Fundament ali of • Nature and Scope. tance o f Human
Human Ge<>g- Geogrn-ph y.
raphy. Book
• Producer. consumer. • Census
• Populatio n of the world, composer . are the Map, Project Work I
2 People and Suvery. 1
distribution , density and growth. three forms of Human
• Populatio n change, spatial which is related to
pattern and structure, population , factors
determina nt of population affecting population
changes, Age and Sex ratio. and its ill-effects
Rural-Urban composition. alongwith the
• Human developme nt, Concept, importance s of sex-
selected indicators , ratio.
Internation al comparison .
A great change in • Maps , observ-
3. Human activities • Primary activities - Concept • human activities ation and Survey.
and changing trends, gathering,
Pastoral mining, subsistenc es from ancient age to
Agriculture .
I n r 1) r Ill a t i O n
• Secondary activities-C oncept, revolution age, serial
manufactu ring, Agro- changes brought in
processing , House-hold , small Human life and its
scale, large scale. effects.
• Tertiary activities - Concept,
Trade, Transport and
communica tion and Trade.
• Quaterna ry activities
Concepts knowledge based
Industry, Informatio n
Technolog y- USA, Britain, India
its contributio n.

Transport - Road , th • Constitut ion of
4. T r a n s p o r t , • Land
Railways.A ir, Water. • Grow in popul-
communication & different models,
• Satellite communica tion, cyber ation. A lot of observatio ns.
Trade. • changes in Human
zone, I_nternat1onal Technology
- USA, Britain, India its activities and its
I~- contributio n. pre~sure on Transpo-
rtat10n and problems
~
arising from it and its

,,~~~~ ~~~~t~ =~~-~ --~---- +-:re:: m:_:ed ~1: ·e:s:._. ----l ----- --~
~ 11 5. Human settlement • Types, character istics & • Changes in land use • Map , Models of
1 pattern because of different Hou-ses,
-· :;r~:o7~gJ~<?~rc~!iet·Pr~~~ e:~ ~uman settle-men t Survey.
•-~ related to Human settlements in and its problems.
~ developing country.

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,,1.=======I====--- ~ lnt4f~q; (XI-XII) Qlq_ttc;ri4-2007•09

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UNIT KEY CON CEPT S LEA R N ING
OUT COM E
AC.1 IVIT Y /
RE SOU RCE
I
I
JI)
~

J. Introd uction • Locat ion , Neigh bourh ood • Loca t io n
relatio ns and place of India in a
world .
and • M.ip. pr o b le ms
ex tensio n along -with
pla ce of Ind ia on
re l.11ed 10
» }
~
neig hbou rin g
world map and count ry.
politic s.
2 Physical aspe-c ts • Physio graph y, relief, Drain
age • Utility of Pnysio-graphy. • Map. Excu rsion ,
& Drain age system , Physic al divisi ons. rivers for Human life. To obser vation .
system . develop the technique of
a:nsemition.

3. Clima te, Veg- • Weather & climat e, Distri bution
• Inter relati on of • Map. Obser vation
etation and soil. oftem pe-rat ure, pressure, winds clima te, veget ation
& rainfa ll. Indian mons oons, and soil with Huma n
Natur al vegeta tion - types and life and its effect s on
distri butio n. Wildl ife it.
conse rvatio n.
• Soil, Majo r types (ICA R
classi ficatio n) there distrib ution
and conse rvatio n.
4. Resou rces and • Land resou rces
: Agric ulture • Diffe rent
develo pment landu se, majo r crops and sourc e of • Map, Surve y,
Agric ultura l devel opme nt and resou rces relate d to collec tion of datas .
proble ms. India , its
• Water resou rces : Achie vemen t achiev ement , distrib -
and usage s, probl ems and ution and its utility
conse rvatio n. along with conse r-
• Mineral and Energy resources : Metals vation .
and non-metals, minerals ·and its
distri butio n and conse rvatio n,
conventional and non-conventional
resources of Energy.

5. Tra nsp ort, •
Road , Railw ays, Water -ways , • To make aware with
communication & • Map, Colle ction of
Airwa ys, Gas and Oil pipeli ne, the probl em and
Inter r.atio nal Data.
Natio nal electr icity grid. pressu re create d by
Trade.
vehic le, Trans po-
rtation in the countr y.
6. Population
• Distri bution , densi ty & growt h, • To make aware with
• Map, Obser vation
comp ositio n of popu lation , the factor s and its ill
langu age and religi on, rural- effec ts whic h
urban popul ation. influ ence the
popul ation.
7
' · Natural Hazar ds • Flood and Droug ht, Earth quake
• To make aware wi th • Field surve y and
and management. and
volca no, lands lides , diffe rent aspec ts
cyclo nes, T-sun ami. obs er vat ion,
relate d to diseaS t er collec tion of lnfor-
and disast er mana ge- matio n.
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p ra ctic 3 I Assi gnm ent in Clau -Xlf
LEA RNIN G - - ACTIVfr·::y'-7~
UNI T KEV CON CEP TS OUT COM E RESO URCE ;
Li ne for rn a r,.o
J. Proc essin g of • Sour c e s of data, tabul ating • Coll ec tion o f d.a ta •
and in f orma llon and Analy si~ . n
Data and and proc e ss ing of data . its
and
The ma tic calcu lation , avera ges. Meas ures tatio n
inte rpre
mapp ing of Cent ral tende ncy, Maps ren t
throu gh diffe
const ructio n . proce ss.
!
study . • Regio nal study • Field Survey
2 Regio nal Study • Field surve y and
surve y and and M
direct ions of Map, obser vation , ructio n.
ap /1
obser vatio n local s const
const ructio n of Diagr am. Study
probl em and its
of one local aspec ts.
solut ions and its
(i) Pollu tion
aware ness.
(ii) Pall in the level of under gr-
ound water .
(iii) Chan ge in land use patter n
(iv) Pover ty
• Field surve ying,
Surve y • Chai n is tapes surve y, • To impr ove the
activ ity by and line
Need s and its uses. ructio n.
surve ying. const
, • The identi ficati on of • To ident ity the
Ident ificat ion of • Mine rals - Quar tz, Mica rock & minerals.
rocks and mine rals
Rock and Bauxi te, Hema tite, Calcite. c-
and three chara
Mine rals. • Rock s - Gran ite, Besal t,
lime- stone , terstic s durin g field
Sand stone ,
surve y.
sheell , slate.
5. Reco rds and • Aeria l Photo graph y, Remo te,
Pract ical Book s Sensi ng.
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