CBSE Class 12 Sample Paper 2025 Solution for Kathakali

Central Board of Secondary Education

SAMPLE PAPER
Class 12
2025

Solutions

DANCE (KATHAKALI) CODE-061
MARKING SCHEME
CLASS XII (2024-25)

One Theory Paper – 2 hrs Total Marks – 30

S.No. SECTION-A Marks

1. c. 1
2. c. 1
3. a. 1
4. d. 1
5. c. 1
6. c. 1
7. a. 1
8. b. 1
SECTION-B

9. There are 5 types of characters in Kathakali, namely, 2

 Pacha
 Kathi
 Kari
 Thadi
 Minukku
(OR)

 Anga means the main parts of the body – head, hands, chest,
flanks, waistor hips, feet.
 Upanga means the finer subtler parts of the body- Fingers, eyes,
eyelids, eyebrows, nose, lips, cheeks, and chin.
 Prathyanga means the subordinate parts of the body – the
shoulder blades, arms, back, belly, thighs and shanks.

10. Dandakams are narrative texts. They serve various purposes such as 2
connecting two different scenes, describing the actions of a character,
describing a passage of time, and conveying emotionally charged
moods and situations. So Dandakams is theinter connecting verse
stanza indicating the passage of events in a Kathakali Attakadha.
(OR)
Sthayi bhava refers to permanent moods, and this can be termed as
origin of bhava from which rasa is originated. Whereas, Sanchari
bhavas are light, fleeting emotions that appear and disappear in quick

succession and serve to strengthen the Sthayi bhava

11. Attakadha is the technical term for Kathakali play text. The format for an 2
Attakadha follows a fixed structure. It is compossed of slokams and
padams. Attakadha may also include Dandakams, and less frequently
Churnikas. Slokams are generally compossed in sanskrit or in
manipravalam. Padams are dialogues between the characters. They
are usually written in manipravalam. Most padams follow the format of
the South Indian Carnatic music compositions with supporting pallavi,
anupallavi and charanam. The drama unfolds through the padams.
(OR)

Thei Yi Ntha Tha Tha Dhim Im Ntha Tha Tha Dhim ThaDhim ThaTha
Thei

12. Keechakavadham, Uttara Swayamvaram, Dakshayagam. 2
(OR)
Pachha, Kathi, Thadi, Kari, Minukku.

13. Bharatanatyam, Mohiniyattam, Kathakali, Kuchipudi, Manipuri, Odissi, 2
Kathak & Satriya
(OR)
Sringaram, Hasyam, Karunam, Raudram, Veeram,
Bhayanakam,Bheebatsam, Albhutham, Shantam.

SECTION-C

14. The four types of Abhinayas in Kathakali are; 6

 Angika Abhinaya- The art of acting through the body It has greater
prominence. The entire drama is enacted through the body. The
actor interprets the drama through the hand gestures, body
movements and facial expressions. The entire body which include
the three parts :Anga, upanga and Prathyanga are used by the
actor to convey the ideas. There are 24 basic hand gestures
acquired from Hasta Lakshana Deepika, are used in different ways
- Samyutha (double handed), Asamyutha (single handed), Misra
mudras (different gestures in both the hands).
 Satvika Abhinaya – The art of acting the inner emotions It depicts
the inner emotional and mental states and psychological
communication. It is the subtle, expressive, and internal elements
of acting. This is done by using the facial expressions especially
through the eyes. Kathakali is heavily indebted to Koodiyatam for
its Satvika abhinaya. Satvika abhinaya includes Navarasas,
Satvika bhavas, sthayi bhavas and sanchari bhavas.

 Aharya Abhinaya – The art of Acting through makeup and
costumes In kathakliAharya abhinaya is taken seriously. The
elaborate makeup and costumes require several hours of
preparation. The makeup and costumes in Kathakali are
remarkable for their intricate stylisation. The makeup is used to
transform the actor into a God or a demon. Costumes are very
dramatic and this ponderous costumes is to exaggerate even the
slightest tilt of the body. Different colour costumes are used to
depict and differentiate the characters. The ornaments and
headgears too are different for different characters. The different
headgears used are Krishnamudi, Kireetam (Keshabharam),
Vattamudi, Kattalamudi, Kuttichamaram, Naradamudi etc.
 Vachika Abhinaya – The art of Dialogue and Musical
Accompaniment Music in Kathakali is stage music as distinct from
chamber music of the concert hall. In kathakali, the vachika
abhinaya, the verbal element of the performance or the rendition of
the text of the dramas, is not performed by the actor- dancers. Two
singers accompanied by the percussion ensemble, provide the text
as well as support the mood of the drama through the art of music,
both vocal and instrumental. The dramatic purpose of the music is
to support the bhaavas enacted by the actor dancers and to give
the audience the emotional import of the attakatha. The lead
singer, the ponnani plays Chengila, and the second singer, the
shingidi plays the elathalam.

15. Hastalakshana Deepika Sloka and names of the Hand gestures Sloka: 6

“ Hastha: Pathako mudrakhya” Pathaka Mudrakhyam Katakam
Katako mushtirithyapi Mushti Karthareemukham
Karthareemukhasamjacha Shukhathundam Kapithakam
Shukthunda kapithaka: Hamsapaksham, Shikharam
Hamsapakshacha shikharo Hamsasyam, Anjali
Hamsasya punaranjali: Ardhachandram Mukuram
Ardhachandrascha mukuro Bhramaram Soochikamukham
Bhramara soochikamukha: Pallavam thripathaka
Pallava thri pathakascha Mrugasheersham
Mrugasheersha hyoyasthadha Sarppashirassu vardhamanakam
Punassarppshirassamjno Aralam Oormanabham
Vardhamanaka ethyapi Mukulam katakamukham
Arala Oornanabhascha Mukula: katakamukha:
Chathurvyshathirithyethe
Karashastranjasammatha

16. In Kathakali 'Aharyaabhinaya' is taken very seriously. The elaborate 6
makeup and costumes require several hours of preparation. Kathakali's
main attraction for a first time audience is its spectacular makeup and
costumes. There are five types of makeup in Kathakali. They are
Pancha, Kathi, Kari, Thadi and Minukk. The makeup and costumes for
male and female characters differs. For male characters there is an
additional face makeup called chutti (using white paper, and rice paste
and lime). Name of costumes and ornaments:

 Thandapathipu
 Kachamani
 Chandimetha
 Kacha
 Ulluvaalu
 Yellow Njori
 Side vaalu
 Ottanaaku
 Padiaranjanam
 Ullukuppayam
 Blue Puramkuppayam.
 Vala (Bangles)
 Hasthakadakam
 Tholputt
 Parithikkamani
 Koralaram
 Kazhutharam
 Kazhuthunaada
 Uthareeyam yellow colour
 Kottothareeyam green color
 Thalekettu vaalu
 Thoda
 Krishna mudi
 Chutti thuni
 Chevippoo naada
 Chamaram

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