Class 12 Pre-Board Sample Paper 2025 History

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Pre-Board Exam 2025 Sample Question Paper

Class 12 Subject -History (027)
Time Allowed :3 Hrs. Max. Marks: 80
सामान्य निर्देश
(i ) इस प्रश्नपत्र में कुल 34 प्रश्न है जो A,B,C,D और E पांच खण्ड में
विभाजित है |सभी प्रश्न अनिवार्य है |
( ii ) खण्ड A – इस खण्ड में प्रश्न संख्या 1 से 21 तक बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न
है | प्रत्येक प्रश्न 1 अंक का है |
( iii ) खण्ड B – इस खण्ड में प्रश्न संख्या 22 से 27 तक लघु उत्तरीय प्रश्न है
,प्रत्येक प्रश्न 3 अंक का है ,इनका
उत्तर 60-80 शब्दों से अधिक न हो |
( iv ) खण्ड C – इस खण्ड में प्रश्न संख्या 28 से 30 तक दीर्घ उत्तरीय प्रश्न
है ,प्रत्येक प्रश्न 8 अंक का है ,इनका
उत्तर 250 से 300 शब्दों में दे ना है |
( v ) खण्ड D – प्रश्न संख्या 31 से 33 तक अवतरण आधारित प्रश्न
है ,प्रत्येक प्रश्न 4 अंक का है |
(vi) खण्ड E – प्रश्न संख्या 34 मानचित्र आधारित प्रश्न है जो पांच अंक का
है |इसमें स्थानों की पहचान और
स्थिति दर्शाने सम्बन्धी प्रश्न है | मानचित्र को उत्तरपस्ति
ु का के साथ
संलग्न करना है
( vii ) प्रश्न पत्र में व्यापक विकल्प उपलब्ध नहीं है कुछ प्रश्नों में आंतरिक
विकल्प दिए गए हैं ऐसे प्रश्नों में कोई
एक प्रश्न करना है |
( viii) आवश्यकनस ु ार प्रत्येक खण्ड में कुछ अतिरिक्त निर्देश भी दिए गए हैं
|
General Instructions:
(i) Question paper comprises five Sections – A, B, C, D and E. There are 34 questions in the
question paper. All questions are compulsory.
(ii)Section A – Question 1 to 21 are MCQs of 1 mark each.
(iii) Section B – Question no. 22 to 27 are Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 3 marks
each. Answer to each question should not exceed 60-80 words.

(iv) Section C - Question no 28 to 30 are Long Answer Type Questions, carrying 8 marks
each. Answer to each question should not exceed 300-350 words
(v) Section D – Question no.31 to 33 are Source based questions with three sub questions and
1

are of 4 marks each
(vi) Section-E - Question no. 34 is Map based, carrying 5 marks that includes the
identification and location of significant test items. Attach the map with the answer book.
(vii) There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been
provided in few questions. Only one of the choices in such questions have to be attempted.
(viii) In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and question,
wherever necessary.

SECTION-A 1*21=21
QN. MARKS
1 भारतीय परु ातत्व का जनक किसे माना जाता है 1
Who is supposed to be the father of Indian Archaeology
I- जॉन मार्शल John Marshall
II- व्हीलर Wheeler
III- दया राम साहनी Daya Ram Sahani
IV- एलेग्जेंडर कनिंघम Alexander Cunningham
2 निम्न में से कौन हड़प्पा सभ्यता की एक विशेषता है 1
Which of these is the feature of Harappa civilisation
I –नगर योजना Town Planning
II –जल निकास प्रणाली Drainage System
III – दर्ग
ु और निचला शहर Citadel and Lower Town
IV – उपरोक्त सभी All of the above

3 इंडिका “ के लेखक कौन है 1
“The Indica” was written by
I –कौटिल्य Kautilya
II –पतंजलि Patanjali
III –मेगास्थनीज Megasthenes
IV –पाणिनि Panini
4 ब्राह्मी और खरोष्ठी लिपि को सबसे पहले किसने पढ़ा 1
Who deciphered Brahmi and Kharoshti scripts
I – जेम्स प्रिन्सेप James Princep
II –कनिंघम Cunningham
III – व्हीलर

Wheeler
IV – जॉन मार्शल John Marshall

2

5 सम
ु ेलित करो 1
Match the following
A – अशोक Ashoka I -अंतिम मौर्य शासक Last
Mauryan King
B –कौटिल्य Kautiliya ii –मगध का शासक Magadha
King
C – ब्रहद्रथ Brahadratha iii –पियदस्सी Piyadassi
D – बिम्बसार Bimbissara Iv –अर्थशास्त्र
Arthasastra
Codes
A B C D
a III II IV I
b IV III II I
c III IV I II
d IV I III II

6 महाभारत का समालोचनात्मक संस्करण किसके निर्देशन में तैयार किया 1
गया
The Critical edition of Mahabharta was prepared under the leadership of
I –वेद व्यास ् Ved Vyasa
II –चाणक्य Chanakya
III – मनु Manu
IV –वी एस सक्
ु थांकर V.S.Sukthankar
7 कथन (A ) ;बद्
ु ध के जीवन काल में और उसके बाद भी बौद्ध धर्मं का तेजी से 1
विस्तार हुआ
Assertion (A): Buddhism grew rapidly both during the lifetime of the Buddha and after his death
कारण (R ) ;इसने प्रचलित धार्मिक मान्यताओं से असंतष् ु ट तथा तेजी से
बदलते सामजिक परिवर्तनों से भ्रमित बहुत से लोगो को आकर्षित किया||
Reason (R) : It appealed to many people dissatisfied with existing religious practices and
confused by the rapid social changes taking place around them .
(a)A और R दोनों सत्य हैं तथा R,A की सही व्याख्या है
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation to A
(b) A और दोनों सत्य है किन्तु R, A की सही व्याख्या नहीं हैं
Both A and R is true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A सत्य किन्तु R असत्य है
A is true but R is false
(a) A असत्य किन्तु R सत्य है

A is false but R is true
8 कथन (A ) :गरु ु नानक ने धार्मिक आडम्बर का सख्त विरोध किया 1
Assertion (A) : Guru Nanak firmly Repudiated the external practices of religions he saw around
him
3

कारण ( R ) वह सगण ु भक्ति के समर्थक थे
|Reason (R) : He advocates Saguna Bhakti .
(a) : A और R दोनों सत्य है तथा R, A की सही व्याख्या है
Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation to A
. (b): A और R दोनों सत्य है किन्तु R, A की सही व्याख्या नहीं है
Both A and R is true but R is not correct explanation to A
(c): A सत्य किन्तु R असत्य है
A is true but R is false
(d): A असत्य किन्तु R सत्य है
A is false but R is true
9 फ्रांस्वा वर्नियर ने अपना यात्रा वत
ृ ांत किसे समर्पित किया है 1
Francois Bernier dedicated his travelling account to
I –लई ु XIII Louis
XIII
II –लई ु XIV Louis
XIV
III – लई ु XVI Louis XVI
IV – विलियम II William II
10 विजयनगर किस नदी के दक्षिणी किनारे पर स्थित था? 1
Vijayanagar was founded on the southern bank of river
I –गोदावरी Godavari
II –कृष्णा Krishna
III -तंग
ु भद्रा Tungabhadra
IV –कावेरी Kaveri
11 भारत का प्रथम सर्वेयर जनरल कौन था ? 1
Who was the first surveyor general of India
I – जॉन मार्शल John Marshall
II –कॉलिन मैकेंजी Colin McKenzie
III –बारबोसा Barbosa
IV – हाल्ट मैकेंजी Halt McKenzie
12 निम्न चित्र को पहचानो 1
Identify this image
(a) विरूपाक्ष मन्दिर Virupaksha Temple
(b) विट्ठल मन्दिर Vitthala Temple
(c) हजार राम मन्दिर Hazararam Temple
(d) पम्पादे वी मन्दिर

Pampa Devi Temple

4

13 आइन ए अकबरी में ............................. दफ्तर हैं 1
There are …………………... daftars (Parts) in Ain E Akbari
(I) 3
(II) 4
(III) 5
(IV) 6

14 मनसबदारी प्रथा के दो मल
ू तत्त्व थे 1
Two basic element of Mansabdari system were
(1 ) अमीर,गल ु ाम Amir,Gulam
(ii) अमीर,सवार Amir,Sawar
(iii ) जात,गल
ु ाम Jat,Gulam
(iv ) जात ,सवार Jat,Sawar
15 दामिन ए कोह था 1
Damin E Koh was
I – राजस्व कर Revenue Tax
II –इस्लाम की एक पवित्र पस्
ु तक A Holy Book of
Islam
III – संथालों की भमि
ू Land of Santhals
IV – धार्मिक कर Religious Tax
16 निम्न घटनाओं पर विचार करे 1
Consider the following events
I –स्थाई बंदोबस्त लागू होना
Introduction of Permanent settlement
II –अमेरिका का ग्रहयद् ु ध
American Civil War
III –ब्रिटे न की संसद में पांचवी रिपोर्ट का प्रस्तत
ु ीकरण

Fifth
Report in British Parliament
IV –संथालों का विद्रोह Santhal Revolt

5

इन घटनाओं के घटित होने सही क्रम
The correct chronological order of these events is
(a) I,III,IV,II
(b) I,IV,III,II
(c) I,III,II,IV
(d) II,I,IV,III
17 सम
ु ेलित करो 1
Match the followings
A – जमींदारी व्यवस्था Zamindari System I- दिल्ली Delhi
B – इक्तादारी व्यवस्था Iqtadari System II –
म.प ्,.,उ.प्र.,पंजाब M.P,U.P, Panjab
C – रै यतवाडी व्यवस्था Ryotwari System III –बंगाल Bengal
D – महालवाडी व्यवस्था Mahalwari System IV – मद्रास Madras
Code
A B C D
(a) II IV III I
(b) III I IV II
(c) IV II III I
(d) I III II IV
18 सम
ु ेलित करो 1
Match the followings
A – नाना साहब Nana Saheb I -दिल्ली Delhi
B – बहादर
ु शाह Bahadur Shah II -रुहे लखण्ड Rohilkhand
C –बिरजिस कादिर Birjis Qadir III -कानपर
ु Kanpur
D –खान बहादर ु Khan Bahadur IV –लखनऊ Lucknow
Code
A B C D
(a) III II I IV
(b) II I IV III
(c) III I IV II
(d) I II III IV

19 रिलीफ ऑफ़ लखनऊ नामक चित्र किसने बनाया था 1
The famous painting ‘Relief of Lucknow ’was Painted by
I –हे नरी लॉरें स Henry Lawrence
II – थॉमस जोंस बार्क र Thomas Jones Barker
III -जोसेफ पैट्रन Joseph Patron
IV –फ़्रांसी ग्रांट Francie Grant

20 गाँधी जी के राजनैतिक गरु
ु कौन थे 1
Who was the political mentor of Gandhi ji
(i) बाल गंगाधर तिलक Bal Gangadhar Tilak

6

(ii) लाला लाजपत राय Lala Lajpat Rai
(iii) गोपाल कृष्ण गोखले Gopal Krishna Gokhley
(iv) जमना लाल बजाज Jamna Lal Bajaj

21 संविधान सभा की बैठक में उद्दे श्य प्रस्ताव किसके द्वारा पेश किया गया 1
Who introduced objective motion in the meeting of Constituent
assembly
(i) जवाहर लाल नेहरु Jawahar Lal Nehru
(ii) मोती लाल नेहरु Moti Lal Nehru
(iii) महात्मा गाँधी Mahatma Gandhi
(iv) वल्लभ भाई पटे ल Vallabh Bhai Patel

SECTION B 3X6=18
22 क्या आप सहमत है की हड़प्पा सभ्यता की जल निकास प्रणाली,नगर योजना 3
का संकेत करती है ? अपने उत्तर के समर्थन में तर्क दीजिये
Do you agree that the drainage system in Harappan cities indicate town planning ?
Give reasons for your answer
OR
ASI के प्रथम महानिदे शक कनिंघम, को हड़प्पा सभ्यता के काल क्रम को
निर्धारित करने में क्या भ्रम हुआ?
Why did Cunningham,the first Director General of ASI,was in allusion while deciding the time
period of Harappa ?
23 जैन धर्मं की प्रमख
ु शिक्षाओं पर प्रकाश डालो| 3

Throw light on the main teachings of Jainism
24 भक्ति आन्दोलन के उदय के प्रमख
ु कारण क्या थे ?| 3
What were the main causes of uprise of Bhakti movement?
25 ग्राम पंचायत से आप क्या समझते हैं ?इसके मख्
ु य कार्य क्या थे ? 3
What do you mean by village panchayat ? What were it’s main function ?
26 संथालों ने अंग्रेजी शासन के विरुद्ध विद्रोह क्यों किया ? 3
Why did Santhals rebel against British rule ?
27 अवध में विद्रोह का स्वरुप व्यापक क्यों था? 3
Why was the revolt particularly widespread in Awadh? Give any three reasons
OR
सहायक संधि के मख्
ु य प्राविधान क्या थे?
What were the main provisions of Subsidiary Alliance?

SECTION C 8X3=24
28 महाभारत की भाषा और मख्
ु य कथा पर प्रकाश डालो ?इसे गतिशील ग्रन्थ 8
क्यों कहा जाता है ?

7

Throw light on the language and central theory of the
Mahabharata . Why is it called a dynamic text?
OR
महाभारत प्राचीन सामाजिक मल् ू यों के अध्ययन का एक अच्छा श्रोत है ,इस
कथन की उपयक् ु त तर्कों द्वारा पष्टि
ु करो
The Mahabharata is a good source to study the social values of ancient times. Support this
statement with suitable arguments
29 अमरनायक कौन थे?इस प्रणाली को विजयनगर की राजनीतिक व्यवस्था की 8
एक प्रमख
ु विशेषता क्यों माना जाता है ?
Who were Amarnayaka? Why is Amar nayaka system considered as a salient feature of the
political organisation of the Vijayanagar empire?
OR
विजयनगर की जल सम्बन्धी आवश्यकताओं की पर्ति
ू किस प्रकार की जाती
थी?
How were the water requirements of Vijayanagar met?

30 गाँधी जी ने राष्ट्रीय आन्दोलन को जन आन्दोलन में कैसे परवर्तित कर दिया 8
?
How did Gandhi ji transform National Movement into mass movement?
OR
वे कौन सी परिस्थितियां थी जिनके कारण गाँधी जी को सविनय अवज्ञा
आन्दोलन आरम्भ करना पड़ा ?इस आन्दोलन का राष्ट्रीय आन्दोलन में क्या
महत्व है ?
What were the circumstances due to which Gandhi ji had to start civil disobedience movement ?
what is the significance of this this movement in National movement?
SECTION D 4x3=12
31 नीचे दिए गए अवतरण को पढ़ कर इस पर आधारित प्रश्नों का उत्तर दो 4
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
ऐसा माना जाता है की द्रौपदी ने यधि ु ष्ठिर से यह प्रश्न किया था वह उसे दांव
पर लगाने से पहले स्वयं को हार बैठे थे अथवा नहीं |इस प्रश्न के उत्तर में दो
भिन्न मतों को प्रस्तत
ु किया गया |
प्रथम तो यह की यदि यधि ु ष्ठिर ने स्वयं को हार जाने के पश्चात द्रौपदी
को दांव पर लगाया तो यह अनचि ु त नहीं क्योंकि पत्नी पर पति का सदै व
नियंत्रण रहता है
दस
ू रा यह की दासत्व स्वीकार करने वाला परु ु ष (जैसे उस क्षण यधि
ु ष्ठिर थे )
किसी और को दांव पर नहीं लगा सकता |
इन मद् ु दों का कोई निष्कर्ष नहीं निकला और अंततः ध्रतराष्ट्र ने सभी पाडवों
और द्रौपदी को उनकी निजी स्वतंत्रता लौटा दी |

Draupadi's Question
Draupadi is supposed to have asked Yudhisthira whether he had lost himself before staking her.
Two contrary opinions were expressed in response to this question.

8

One, that even if Yudhisthira had lost himself earlier, his wife remained under his control, so he
could stake her.
Two, that an unfree man (as Yudhisthira was when he had lost himself) could not stake another
person.
The matter remained unresolved: ultimately, Dhritarashtra restored to the
Pandavas and Draupadi their personal freedom.
( i ) इस अवतरण में पत्नी के रूप में द्रौपदी की किस स्थिति का वर्णन किया
गया है ?
How has Draupadi's status as a wife been shown in the passage?
द्रौपदी के प्रश्न के उत्तर में क्या दो विरोधी मत व्यक्त किये गए ?
1
(it) Explain the two contrary opinions expressed against Draupadi's questions.
क्या द्रौपदी द्वारा यधि
ु ष्ठिर को दी गयी चन
ु ौती उचित थी ? अपने उत्तर के
समर्थन में दो तर्क दीजिये 2
(iii) Was the challenge given to Yudhisthira by Draupadi justified? Support your answer
with two reasons,
32 नीचे दिए गए अवतरण को पढ़ कर इस पर आधारित प्रश्नों के उत्तर दो Read the 4
passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
डाक व्यवस्था का वर्णन इब्न बतत ू ा इस प्रकार करता है

भारत में दो प्रकार की डाक व्यवस्था है । अश्व डाक व्यवस्था जिसे _. उलक ु
कहा जाता है , हर चार मील की दरू ी पर स्थापित राजकीय घोडों दारा चालित
होती है । पैदल डाक व्यवस्था के प्रति मील तीन अवस्थान होते हैं; इसे दावा
कहा जाता है , और यह एक मील का एक-तिहाई होता है ... अब, हर तीन मील
पर घनी आबादी वाला एक गाँव होता है जिसके बाहर तीन मंडप होते हैं जिनमें
लोग कार्य आरं भ के लिए तैयार बेठे रहते हैं। उनमें से प्रत्येक के पास दो हाथ
लंबी एक छड़ होती है जिसके ऊपर ताँबे की घंटियाँ लगी होती हैं। जब
संदेशवाहक शहर से यात्रा आरं भ. करता है तो एक हाथ में पत्र तथा दस ू रे में
घंटियों सहित छड़ लिए वह...
.. क्षमतानस ु ार तेज़ भागता है । जब मंडप में बैठे लोग घंटियों की आवाज़ सन ु ते
हैं तो वे तैयार हो जाते हैं। जैसे ही संदेशवाहक उनके पास पहुँचता है , उनमें से
एक उससे पत्र लेता है और वह छड़ हिलाते हुए परू ी ताकत से दौड़ता है , जब॑
तक-वह अगले दावा तक नहीं पहुँच जाता। पत्र के अपने गंतव्य स्थान तक
पहुँचने तक यही प्रक्रिया चलती रहती है । यह पैदल डाक व्यवस्था अश्व डाक
व्यवस्था से अधिक-तीव्र होती है ; और इसका प्रयोग अकसर खरु ासान के फलों
के परिवहन के लिए होता है , जिन्हें भारत में बहुत पसंद किया जाता है ।
On horse and on foot
This is how Ibn Battuta describes the postal system:
In India the postal system is of two kinds. The horse post, called uluq, is run by royal horses

stationed at a distance of every four miles. The foot-post has three stations per mile; it is called
dawa, that is one-third of a mile... Now, at every third of a mile there is a well-populated village,
outside which are three pavilions in which sit men with girded loins ready to start. Each of them
carries a rod, two cubits in length, with copper bells at the top. When the courier starts from the

9

city he holds the letter in one hand and the rod with its bells on the other; and he runs as fast as
he can. When the men in the pavilion hear the ringing of the bell, they get ready. As soon as the
courier reaches them, one of them takes the letter from his hand and runs at top speed shaking
the rod all the while until he reaches the next dawa. And the same process continues till the
letter reaches its destination. This foot-post is quicker than the horse-post
and often it is used to transport the fruits of Khurasan which are much desired in India.
Questions:
दो प्रकार की डाक व्यवस्थायें क्या थी?
( i ) Name the two kinds of postal system.
पैदल डाक व्यवस्था किस प्रकार कार्य करती थी?
(ii ) Explain how foot post worked,
क्या आप समझतें है की इन दो डाक व्यवस्थाओं का प्रयोग संपर्णू उपमहादीप
में किया जाता था ? इसे अनठ
ू ी व्यवस्था क्यों कहा जाता है ?
2
(iii) Do you think that two post system could have operated throughout the sub-continent? Why
was this system called unique system of transport and communication?
33 अंग्रेज तो चले गये,मगर जाते – जाते शरारत का बीज बो गये 4
सरदार वल्लभ भाई पटे ल ने कहा था :
यह दोहराने का कोई मतलब नहीं है की हम पथ ृ क् निर्वाचिका की मांग इसलिए
कर रहें है क्योंकि हमारे लिए यही अच्छा है |यह बात हम बहुत समय से सन ु
रहे है | हम सालों सेः सन ु रहे है और इसी आन्दोलन के कारण अब हम एक
विभाजित राष्ट्र है .......| क्या आप मझु े एक भी स्वंतंत्र दे श दिखा सकते हैं जहाँ
पथृ क निर्वाचिका हो?अगर आप मझ ु े दिखा दें तो मई आप की बात मान लँ ग ू ा|
लेकिन अगर आप इस अभागे दे श में विभाजन के बाद भी पथ ृ क निर्वाचिका
की व्वयस्था बनाए रखी गयी तो यहाँ जीने का कोई मतलब नहीं होगा |
इसलिए मई यह कहता हूँ कि यह सिर्फ मेरे भले की बात नहीं है बल्कि आप
का भला भी इसी में है कि हम अतीत को भल ू जाएँ | एक दिन हम एकजट ु हो
सकतें है ......| अंग्रेज तो चले गये,मगर जाते-जाते शरारत का बीज बो गये है
|हम इस शरारत को और बढ़ाना नहीं चाहते ( सनि ु ये,सनिु ये ) जब अंग्रेजो ने
यह विचार पेश किया था तो उन्होंने यह उम्मीद नहीं की थी कि उन्हें इतनी
जल्दी भागना पड़ेगा | उन्होंने अपने शासन की सवि ु धा के लिए यह किया था |
खैर कोई बात नहीं |मगर अब वे अपनी विरासत पीछे छोड़ गये है ,अब हम
इससे बाहर निकलेंगे या नहीं |
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
“The British element is gone ,but they have left mischief behind “
Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel said :
It is no use saying that we asked for separate electorates ,because it is good for us | We have
heard it long enough .We have heard it for years and a result of this agitation, we are now a
separate nation ……Can you show me one free country where there are separate electorates ? If

so,I shall be prepared to accept it .But in this unfortunate country , if this separate electorate is
going to be persisted in ,even after the division of the country , woe betide the country ;it is not
worth living in .Therefore, I say it ,forget the past .One day ,we may be united ……The British
element is gone, but they have left the mischief behind .We do not want to perpetuate that

10

mischief.(Hear,hear) .When the British introduced this element, they had not expected that they
will have to go so soon .They wanted it for their easy administration .That is all right .But they
have left the legacy behind. Are we to get out of it or not ?
(i ) पथृ क निर्वाचिका से क्या तात्पर्य है ?
1
What does the term Separate Electorate mean?
( ii ) पथ
ृ क निर्वाचिका के सम्बन्ध में वल्लभ भाई पटे ल के क्या विचार थे ?
What were the views of Vallabh Bhai Patel about separate electorate?
(iii ) पथ
ृ क निर्वाचिका के विरोध में दो तर्क लिखो
Give any two argument against separate electorate 2

34 i-भारत के राजनैतिक मानचित्र में हड़प्पा सभ्यता के दो प्रमख
ु स्थलों A और 5
B को पहिचानो
ii – 1857 के विद्रोह के तीन प्रमख
ु केंद्र मेरठ ,कानपरु और झाँसी को अंकित
करो 2

i -In the given outline map of India Identify two hadappa places A
and B
ii-Mark.Meerut ,Kanpur and Jhansi,Three centers of 1857 revolt 3

11

Note-The following questions are only for the visually impaired candidates in lieu of
question no 34
टिप्पणी -यह प्रश्न द्रष्टिबाधित विद्यार्थियो के लिए प्रश्न संख्या 34के
स्थान पर है
Write the name of five important places related to life of Lord Buddha.
महात्मा बद्
ु ध के जीवन से सम्बंधित पांच महत्वपर्ण
ू स्थानों के नाम
लिखो 5

12

ANSWER KEY

CLASS 12
SUBJECT HISTORY (027)
QN. MARK
S
1 (IV) 1
2 (IV) 1
3 (III) 1
4 (I) 1
5 (c) 1
6 (IV) 1
7 (a) 1
8 (c) 1
9 (II) 1
10 (III) 1
11 (IV) 1
12 (a) 1
13 (III) 1
14 (IV) 1
15 (III) 1
16 (a) 1
17 (b) 1
18 (c) 1
19 (II) 1
20 (III) 1
21 (I) 1
SECTION -B
22 We completely agree with the fact that all Harappan cities had a 3
carefully planned drainage system. The drainage system was an
integral part of the Harappan town- planning. It was also essential to
keep the city neat and clean. From this point of view the drainage
system of the Harappan cities was perfect. The domestic waste water
passed through gutters to flow out in the street drains.
It seems as if the streets alongwith the drains were laid out first. Then
the residences were made along side these roads. One wall of the
house always touched the side of a street so that the waste water may
easily flow into the drains of the street.
The main drain was made of mud and sand bricks. It was covered with
such bricks which could be removed for the purpose of sanitation. The
gutters of the houses first fell into a dump or cesspit. The solid in the
water was accumulated here and the water flowed into the main drain.
In this way, the dirty water drained out of the city. According to
Mackey, it is certainly the most complete ancient system as yet

discovered." In the end, we can say that every house of the Harappan
society was connected to the street drains which were made of bricks
set in mortar. They were covered with limestone or loose bricks which
could be easily removed for cleaning.

1

OR
Cunningham,the first Director General of the ASI,missed the
significance of Harappa due to following confusion
(I )-Although Harappan artefacts were found fairly often in the 18
century and some of these reached Cunningham yet he did not
understand how old these were.
(ii)-An Englishman gave a Harappan seal to Cunningham.He noted put
it,within the time frame with which he was well known.
(iii)-Cunningham,like many others,maintained that Indian history
started with the first cities in the Ganga valley.In this way he missed
the significance of Harappa.

23 Main teachings of Jainism are- 3
(A)- According to Jainism, entire world is animated, i.e., even stones,
rocks and water have life.
(B)- Non-injury to living beings is central to Jaina philosophy.
According to Jainism, the cycle of birth and rebirth is shaped through
Karma.
(C)- To free oneself from the cycle of Karma, asceticism and penance
are required. Jaina monks and nuns took five vows. These are
(i) to abstain (to decide not to do something) from killing
(ii) to abstain from stealing stealing
(iii) to abstain from lying
(iv) to observe celibacy (not married and not naring sex)
(v) to abstain from possessing property.
Jainism spread to many parts of India. Jaina scholars produced a
wealth of literature in Prakrit, Sanskrit and Tamil languages.
24 Factors responsible for the rise of bhakti movement are as following- 3
A- Evils of Hinduism
B- Moral Degradation of Brahmanas
C- The Philosophical Nature of the Path of Jnanna
D- Danger of Islam
E- Influence of Saint Devotees
F- Rise of Saint Devotees
25 Meaning of panchayat:The village panchayat consisted of an
assembly of elders,they represent different caste and communities
except the menial class.Usally important were people of the village
with hereditary right over their property.
Function :
(i)- The main function of the panchayat was to ensure that the caste
boundaries among the various communities inhabiting the village were
upheld .
(ii)-It had also the authority to levy fines and taxes .
(iii)-It can also give punishment like expulsion from the community.
(iv)-The panchayats were also regarded as the court of appeal ,that
would ensure that the state carried out it’s moral responsibilities.

Or any other relevant point.
26 By 1832,the Santhal had settled in Damin i-Koh area.Their settlement 3
expanded rapidly.Forest were cleared to accommodate them.The
company also benefitted as it got more and more revenue.

2

However,the Santhals too got dissatisfied.They rebelled against the
British rule due to following reasons.
(i)-Santhals were not happy with the tax regime of company.They
thought that the land revenue rates high and exploitative.
(ii)-The Zamindars began to exercise greater control on the areas
brought under cultivation by Santhals,apparently it was a part of the
British policy.But Santhal resented it ‘
(iii)-Moneylenders in the rural areas were seen as villain and agent of
Company by the Santhals.Moneylenders could auction the land of
Santhals in case of default.
27 1-Lord Dalhousie describe the Kingdom of Awadh as 'a Cherry that 3
will drop into our mouth one day'.
2-Lord Wellesley introduced subsidiary alliance in
Awadh in 1801. Gradually, the British developed more interest in the
kingdom of Awadh.
3-The British were looking at role of Awadh as producer of cotton and
indigo and also as principal market of upper India.
4-By the 1850s, British conquered al major areas of India like the
Maratha lands, the Doab, the Carnatic, the Punjab and Bengal. The
annexation of Awadh in 1856 completed the territorial annexation
which started a century earlier with the annexation of Bengal.
5-Dalhousie displaced Nawab Wazid Ali Shah and exiled to calcutta
on plea that Awadh is being misgoverned.
6-British government wrongly assume that Nawab Wazid Ali was an
unpopular ruler. On the contrary, he was widely loved and people 570
bemoaned for the loss of Nawab.
7-The removal of Nawab led to dissolution of co and and decline of
culture. Musicians, dancers, poets, cooks, retainers and administrative
officials, all lost their livelihood.
OR
The Subsidiary Alliance was introduced by Lord Wellesley in 1798.
All those who entered into such an alliance with the British had to
accept certain terms and conditions.
These were:
(i) The British would be responsible for protecting their ally from
external and internal threats to their power.
(ii) In the territory of the ally, a British armed contingent would be
stationed.
(iii) The ally would have to provide the resources for maintaining this
contingent
(iv) The ally could enter into agreements with other rulers or engage
in warfare only with the permission of the British.
SECTION -C
28 The original Mahabharata was penned down in the Sanskrit. However,. 8
The Sanskrit used in the Mahabharata was not as difficult as used in
the Vedas or prashastis.Thus the historian assume that perhaps,this text
was widely understood.

The contents of the Mahabharata have been classified by the
Historians into two broad heads:the narrative i.e.,sections containing
stories and didactic i.e.the sections containing prescriptions about
social norms .However, it should be kept in mind that this division is

3

by no means watertight.We should know that the didactic sections
include stories and the narrative often contain a social message.
The central story of the Mahabharata is about a war waged between
Kauravas and Pandavas in the battlefield of Kurukshetra.
Dynamic Text :
Mahabharata is a dynamic epic and it contains vivid description of
battles,forests,palaces and settlement.It was originally written in
Sanskrit.Today it is available in world’s leading languages.It depicts an
ongoing dialogue between the people and communities between hand
and on another hand with the authors. Many stories originated in the
different region has been incorporated in it,thus it became a big epical
text.The main story of the epic have been narrated in different ways.
OR
No doubt ,Mahabharata is a good source to study social value of
ancient time as :
(i) It provide us valuable description of social values
prevailing in the society at that time.
(ii) Rules regarding patriliny successions were followed.
(iii) It throws light on the caste system and interrelation of the
various caste groups prevalent in the society.
(iv) It is quite evident that society was patriarchal in nature.
(v) Kanyadan was considered as an important religious duty of
the father.
(vi) Different types of marriages were practised in the society.
(vii) It also throws light on the different varna and different
professions practicised by the people .
(viii) The elder male member of the society was more
dominating.
(ix) It also throws light on the two contrasting social norms in
the relationship between Pandavas and their mother and the
relation of Kauravas with their mother.

29 Amarnayaka were the military commanders of the Vijayanagar empire 8
Salient features of Amarnayaka system are as follows-
1- They were the military commanders who were given (allotted some
territories to rule by the ruler of Vijayanagara Empire.
2-They were free to carry out the administration of their state.
3 -They had right to collect land revenue from the peasants and other
taxes from the crafts persons and traders living under their territory.
4-They kept some portion of the revenue collected for their personal
consumption and for the maintenance of their horses and elephants and
submitted the rest to the state treasury.
5-Through their help, the rulers of Vijayanagara had firmly established
and then controlled in peninsular region.

6-They can be transferred from one place to another
OR
(i) The river Tungabhadra flows in the north easterly direction and
surrounded by charming granite hills.

4

(ii) Many streams flow down from mountains and merged with the
river, Tungabhadra.
(iii) On these streams, embankments were built to form water
reservoirs of different sizes.
(iv) Vijayanagara was the most arid zones of Southern peninsula, most
elaborated arrangement were made to store rainwater.
(v) Tanks and canal constructed to store rainwater. For examples; (a)
Kamalpurans water tank not only irrigated field but also conducted
through
a channel to the royal centre.
(vi) Hiriya canal built by rulers of the Sangama Dynasty, was the most
important sources of irrigation.
30 Gandhi ji transformed national movement into mass movement by 8
1- Simple lifestyle
2- Using Hindi for communication
3- Emphasis of principle of truth and non-violence
4- By promoting swadeshi, boycott and swaraj
5- Promoting importance on Charkha and Khadi
6- New branches of the congress were opened in various parts of
the country
7- Praja mandals were established in order to give a fillip to
nationalism in princely states
8- Social service
Or any other relevant point
OR
The Civil Disobedience Movement was started by Mahatma Gandhi in
1930 and this mass movement was based on truth and non-violence
and was the first important step taken towards complete independence.
Various aspects of starting this movement were as under.
(i) The Simon Commission visited India in 1928.The
commission had no Indian member.So the people widely
opposed it .
(ii) The British government rejected recommendations of the
Nehru report.
(iii) The British government banned the preparation of salt from
sea water by peasants.
(iv) Gandhi Ji wrote a letter to Viceroy Irwin raising eleven
demands.
(v) Lord Irwin did not pay heed towards Gandghi Ji’s demand.

Significance of Movement :
(i) The import of foreign cloth declined.
(ii) The collection of government revenue was reduced due to
picketing of wine shop.

(iii) The Indians were permitted to make salt by boiling sea
water near the sea coast.
(iv) The women took part in a large number.
(v) This movement was covered by International Media.

5

SECTION -D
31 Passage based question 4
32 Passage based question 4
33 Passage based question 4
SECTION -E
34 Map Based question 5

6

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