CBSE Class 12 Question Paper 2023 Solution History

e s t i o n P a p er
Qu
Solu t i o n
2023

Marking Scheme
Strictly Confidential
(For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior School Certificate Examination, 2023
HISTORY-(027) (PAPER CODE 61/1/1)
General Instructions: -
1 You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious
problems which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching
profession. To avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you
must read and
understand the spot evaluation guidelines carefully.
2 “Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of
the
examinations conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage
to public in any manner could lead to derailment of the examination system and
affect the life and future of millions of candidates. Sharing this policy/document
to anyone, publishing in any magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc
may invite action under various rules of the Board and IPC.”
3 Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should
not be done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking
Scheme should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while
evaluating, answers which are based on latest information or knowledge and/or
are innovative, they may be assessed for their correctness otherwise and due
marks be awarded to them. In class-X, while evaluating two competency-based
questions, please try to understand given answer and even if reply is not from
marking schemebut correct competency is enumerated by the candidate, due
marks should be
awarded.
4 The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers
These are in the nature of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer.
The
students can have their own expression and if the expression is correct, the due
marksshould be awarded accordingly.
5 The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each
evaluator on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the
instructions given in the Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should be
zero after delibration and discussion. The remaining answer books meant for evaluation
shall be given only after ensuring that there is no significant variation in the marking
of
individual evaluators.
6 Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS ‘X” be
marked. Evaluators will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that
answer is correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake
which
evaluators are committing.
7 If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part.
Marks
awarded for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the
left-hand margin and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
8 If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin
and
encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
9 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving
moremarks should be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra
Question”.
10 No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized
onlyonce.
11 A full scale of marks 80 (example 0 to 80/70/60/50/40/30 marks as given in
Question
Paper) has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if the answer

1

deservesit.
12 Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e., 8 hours
every day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer
books per day in other subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).
13 Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by
theExaminer in the past:-
● Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
● Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
● Wrong totaling of marks awarded on an answer.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
● Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
● Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
● Wrong grand total.
● Marks in words and figures not tallying/not same.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
● Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick
mark is correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the
X for incorrect answer.)
● Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks
awarded.
14 While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it
shouldbe marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.
15 Any un assessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error
detected by the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the
evaluation work as also of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all
concerned, it is again reiterated that the instructions be followed meticulously and
judiciously.
16 The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the
“Guidelines
for spot Evaluation” before starting the actual evaluation.
17 Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over
tothe title page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.
18 The candidates are entitled to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on
payment of the prescribed processing fee. All Examiners/Additional Head
Examiners/Head
Examiners are once again reminded that they must ensure that evaluation is carried
outstrictly as per value points for each answer as given in the Marking Scheme.

2

Set: 61/1/1
MARKING SCHEME-2023
HISTORY (027) MM: 80
S.No. Value Points Page Marks
No.
SECTION A
(Multiple Choice Type Questions) 21x1=21
1 (c)Haryana 2 1
2 (c) S N Roy 20 1
3 (c) Garbhagraha 96-97 1
4 (d) Hidimba 65 1
5 (d) Rudradaman 38 1
6 (d) Uttar Pradesh 106 1
7 (c) Ashoka 32 1
8 (b) His book of travels is known as ‘Badshahnama 118 1
9 (a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A 132 1
10 (b) Francois Bernier - Frenchman 122 1
11 (d) A is incorrect but R is the correct. 164- 1
165
12 (d) (iv), (ii), (iii), (i) 163- 1
164
13 (a) Sangama 173 1
14 (a) Polaj 214 1
15 (b) Charles Cornwallis 259 1
16 (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) 295 1
17 (b) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan 389 1
18 (c) Hansa Mehta 422 1
19 (b) Dr B R Ambedkar – Chairman of the drafting committee 409 1
20 (b) Arrah – Kunwar Singh 292 1
21 (d) Francis Buchanan 266 1
22 (a) (a) Explain how the drainage system of Harappan cities 3
indicate tow n planning.
Ans. Pg. 6,7
(i) Urban Centres at Harappa were well planned.
(ii) The drains were properly laid down.
(iii) Roads and streets were laid down along
approximate grid pattern.
(iv) Streets with drains were laid out first and then
the houses were built.
(v) For domestic waste water to flow into street
drains every house needed to have at least one wall
along the street.
(vi) Any other relevant point 3
Any three points to be explained
OR
22. (b) Explain why the seals and sealings were used by the 3
Harappans.
Ans. Pg. 15
Seals and Sealings :
(i) They were used to facilitate long distance

3

communication.
(ii) On the mouth of a bag of goods, which is tied with
a rope, seals were pressed, leaving an impression.
( i i i ) If the bag reaches with sealing intact, it means, it
has not been tampered with.
( i v) T h e s ea l i ng a ls o c on ve ye d t he i de nt it y of t h e
s e nd er .
( v) Any other relevant point
Any three points to be explained
23 How is Mahabharata a dynamics text? Explain with examples. 3
Ans Mahabharata, a Dynamic text : Pg.77
(i) Available in various Languages
(ii) Several stories
(iii) Epic retold in various ways
(iv) Depicted in Sculpture
(v) Paintings of Mahabharata
(vi) Plays, dance and narrations 3
(vii) Any other relevant point
Any three points to be explained P. 77
24 3
Explain the role of women devotees in the traditions of Alvars
and Nayanars.

Ans Pg.144
(i) In the traditions of Alvars and Nayanars, they did play a
– 145
vital role.

(ii) The women bhakts made compositions which were widely
sung.

(iii) A woman Alvar, Andal’s composition were widely sung.
(iv) Andal considered herself to be a beloved of Vishnu.
(v) Kairakal Ammaiyar, a devotee of Shiva adopted
the path of extreme asceticism to attain her goal.
(vi) These women renounced their social obligations. 3
(vii) Any other relevant point
Any three points to be explained
25.(a) How did the Chishtis adopt the local languages of India 3
during the Medieval period? Explain.
Ans (i) The chishtis adopted local languages. In Delhi under the Pg.158
chishtis silsila Hindavi was used.
(ii) Baba Farid composed verse in local languages, which
were incorporated in the Guru Granth Sahib.
(iii) Long poems or masnavis were composed to express
idea of divine love using human love as an allegory.
(iv) Short poems in Dakhani were composed around the
town of Bijapur, Karnataka.
(v) Any other relevant point
Any three points to be explained
OR

4

25.(b) Explain the distinctive features of Al-Biruni’s Kitab–Ul–Hind. 3
Ans. Kitab-Ul-Hind : Pg.117

i. It is written in Arabic, simple and lucid.
ii. It is a voluminous text, divided into 80 chapters.
iii. It deals with religion, philosophy, astronomy,
alchemy, meteorology etc.
iv. Al-Biruni begins with a question in each chapter
and then gives the description and concludes
with a comparison with other cultures.
v. Any other relevant point 3
Any three points to be explained
26 How did the American Civil War of 1861 affect the lives of 3
Ryots of India? Explain.
Ans i. The ryots in Deccan villages were given enough money Pg.
to grow cotton. 281 –
ii. Sahukars also gave them long term loans. 282
iii. The boom years after the war could not bring prosperity
for the ryots.
iv. Rich Peasants did gain.
v. Now cotton expansion meant heavy debt.
vi. Ryots came under debt and the revenue demand
increased.
vii. The ryots had to suffer. 3
viii. Any other relevant point
Any three points to be explained
27 “Art and literature highlighted the importance of Lakshmi 3
Bai”. Support the statement with suitable examples.

Ans Pg.313
Lakshmi Bai :
i. Leader was presented as heroic figure.
ii. Against oppressive rule of British.
iii. Heroic Poems were written.
iv. “Khoob ladi Mardani……of S.K. Chauhan.
v. Figure of determination. 3
vi. Any other relevant point P. 313
vii. Any three points to be explained
SECTION-C
(LONG-ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS)
28. (a) Explain the reasons of apogee and fall of the Vijayanagara 8
Empire.
Ans. (i) Krishanadeva Raya was a powerful ruler of Vijayanagara. Pg.
(ii) He expanded and consolidated his empire. 173,174
(iii) He acquired Raichur Doab and defeated the rulers of
Orissa and Sultans of Bijapur.
(iv) Amara-Nayaka system also consolidated the empire.
(v) In the times of peace many temples and impressive
Gopurams were built.
(vi) After the death of Krishanadeva Raya, strain began
to show within the imperial structure.
(vii) Nayakas or military chiefs started troubling the
successors of Krishanadeva Raya.
(viii) Rama Raya became very ambitious.
(ix) He also played one Sultan against the other.
(x) The Sultans saw through his tricks and they
combined their forces.

5

(xi) Rama Raya led his army against the Sultans in a
battle where his army was routed.
(xii) In this way the Sultans ruined Vijayanagara.
(xiii) Any other relevant point
Any eight points to be explained
OR
28. Explain the distinctive features of the Royal Centre of 8
(b) Vijayanagara Empire.

Ans. The royal centre had more than 60 temples and about 30 Pg.179-
183
buildings.
(a) The Mahanavami Dibba :
(i) It is located on the highest point and has a
base of 11000 sq. feet with 40 feet height.
(ii) Dusehra and Durga Puja were celebrated
here.
(iii) Vijaynagara kings displayed power and
prestige here.
(iv) Wrestling matches and processions were
taken out.

(b) Hazara Rama Temple :

(i) This is a spectacular temple.
(ii) It is probably meant for the use of king
and his family.
(iii) T h e im ag e s in t h e ce nt r a l s hr in e ar e
m is s ing h o we ver sculpted panels on the
wall survived.
(iv)
There are scenes of Ramayana
sculptured on the inner walls.
(c) Lotus Mahal:
( i) ( i) Lot us Maha l is t he m ost beaut if ul buil ding in t he
r oya l centre.
( ii) (ii) This may have been used as a council
chamber.
( iii) (iii) Here the king used to meet his advisors.
(v) (iv) It was so named by British travellers in the 19 t h
Century.
(d) A building called “elephants stables” was located close to
the Lotus Mahal.
Any other relevant point
To be assessed as a whole.
29. (a) “The Stupa at Sanchi is among the best preserved 8
monuments of the earliest times.” Explain the statement.
Ans. Sanchi Stupa : Pg. 83

(i) This most wonderful ancient building is
a t S a n c h i Kanakhera.
(ii) This Stupa was of great interest to

6

Europeans.
(iii) The French sought permission of Shah Jahan
Begum to take away the eastern gateway.
(iv) French wanted to keep it in their
museum.
(v) The English also wanted to do the same
thing.
(vi) Beg um r ef used and t hey g ot t he pl ast er
copies of t he sam e.
(vii) Begums provided money for the
p r e s e r v a t i o n o f t h i s monument.
(viii) The Begum also funded the museum and guest
house in the Stupa complex.
(ix) W ise decisions of the Begums of Bhopal.
(x) Due to good luck in escaping the eyes of railway
contractors and builders.
(xi) T o da y it i s t h e k e y ar ch a eo l og i ca l s it e a nd
b e st pr es er ve d.
(xii) Any other relevant point
Any eight points to be explained
OR
29. Explain the grow th of Puranic Hinduism. 8
(b)
Ans. Pg.
Puranic Hinduism : 104-
105
(i) Vaishnavism is part of Puranic Hinduism and in
this Vishnu is worshipped.
(ii) In Shaivism tradition, Shiva is the chief deity.
(iii) The worship of these deities is considered a bond
between the deity and the worshipper.
(iv) In Vaishnavism there are many incarnations or
Avtars.
(v) Ten avtars have been recognised.
(vi) It is presumed that whenever there was disorder
on this earth one avtar appeared to save people
from evil forces.
(vii) Each avtar is recognised as a local deity.
(viii) Shiva is symbolised in the form of linga although
occasionally represented in human form too.
(ix) All deities in human from depicted complex set of
ideas and their attributes through symbols such
as head dresses ornaments and weapons.
(x) Any other relevant point
Any eight points to be explained

7

30. (a) Why w as Gandhiji called a ‘people’s leader’ and how 8
d i d G a n d h i j i seek to identify himself with the common
people? Explain.
Ans. Pg.
Gandhi : 351-
(i) By 1922 Gandhi had transformed the national 354
movement.
(ii) It was no longer a movement of professional and
intellectuals, hundreds of thousands of common
people joined it.
(iii) Gandhi dressed like the common people.
(iv) People appreciated that Gandhi wears like
them, speaks their language and lives like them.
(v) Gandhi went among the people in dhoti and loin
cloth.
(vi) He spent part of the day in spinning cotton on
charkha.
(vii) Gandhi looked like the peasants of Eastern UP.
(viii) Wherever Gandhi went, rumours spread of his
miraculous powers.
(ix) People started calling him as Gandhi Baba or
Mahatma.
(x) His appeal to the people was genuine.
(xi) Any other relevant point
Any eight points to be explained.
OR
30. Explain the different sources which are helpful 8
(b) in knowing the political career and achievements
of Gandhiji.
Ans. Sources of knowing political career and achievements of Gandhiji: P-367-
373
(i)
Public voices
(ii)
Private Scripts, Letters
(iii)
Books written by many people
(iv)
Newspapers and magazines
(v)
Archives
Gandhi’s own writings
(vi)
(vii)
Script of the then leaders
(viii)
Autobiography
(ix)
Police and court records
(x)
Press-media
(xi)
Any other relevant point
Any eight points to be explained.
31. Read the given source and answer the questions that Pg. 215 (1+1+2=4)
follows : Cash or Kind?
31.1 Explain the meaning of cash. 1
Ans. Cash means money/metal currency in the form of Rupya/ Rupee.
31.2 Explain the role of Amil-Guzar. 1
Ans. The role of Amil Guzar was to assess the land revenue and
then to collect revenue from the peasants in cash or kind.
31.3 Explain the system of lang batai. 2
Ans. (i) Lang batai was the system under which, after cutting the
grain heaps were formed.

8

(ii) These heaps were divided among themselves and each
takes his share home and turns it to profit.
32. Read the given source and answer the questions that follow: Pg.35 (1+1+2=4)
(32.1) Who is the author of Arthashastra? 1
Ans. Kautilya or Chanakya is the author of Arthashastra.
(32.2) How were the elephants traced in the forests? 1
Ans. Elephants are traced in the forests by following the course of
urine and dung scattered in the forests with the help of 5 or 7
female Elephants.
(32.3) Why were the elephants captured by the Mauryan rulers? 2
Ans. (i) Elephants were captured to raise the military strength of
elephant by the Maurya rulers.
(ii) Acco rdin g to G reek sou rces , the Mau rya n rul er
h ad a standi ng a rmy of 9,000 ele pha nts.
33. Read the given source and answer the questions that follows: Pg. 417 (1+1+2=4)
“The British element is gone, but they have left the mischief
behind”
33.1 Mention the meaning of separate electorates. 1
Ans. It was a part of political framework in which minorities could be
elected and have meaningful voice in the administration.
32.2 Why did Sardar Patel insist on unity? 1
Ans. Patel was against separate electorate because he felt that in
this way minorities will always remain minority.
33.3 Why was separate electorate considered a mischief by the 2
British?
Ans. (i) Separate electorate was considered a mischief by the
British, as it laid the foundation of dividing the
different communities.
(ii) (ii) Endangered the unity of the nation.
SECTION—E (3+2=5)
34 (Map–Based Questions)
34.1 On the given political outline map of India (on page 23),
locate and label the following with appropriate symbols
:
Ans.(i) Mathura –A place of Ashokan inscription. 1
(ii) Rajgir–The capital of early State of Magadha. 1

(iii) (a) Chandragiri–Where Aravidu dynasty ruled. 1
OR
(iii) (b) Delhi–Capital of Mughal Empire 1
34.2 On the same map, two centres related to the Revolt of 1857 are 2
marked as A and B. Identify them and write their names of the lines
drawn near them.
(3+2=5)
Note : The following questions are for the Visually
Impaired Candidates, only in lieu of Q.No. 34:
34.1 Name one place where Ashokan inscription is 1
found.
Ans. Sanchi or any other place
34.2 Which was the capital town of State of Magadha? 1
Ans. Rajgir
34.3 (a) Name the place where Sangam dynasty ruled? 1

9

Ans. (a) Vijaynagara /Hampi
OR
34.3 (b) Name the capital of Mughal Empire in Uttar 1
Pradesh.’
Ans. (b) Agra
34. 2
Mention any two centres of Revolt of 1857.
Ans.
Meerut, Delhi, Gwalior or any other

10

Marking Scheme
Strictly Confidential
(For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior School Certificate Examination, 2023
HISTORY-(027) (PAPER CODE 61/1/2)
General Instructions: -
1 You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious
problems which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching
profession. To avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you
must read and
understand the spot evaluation guidelines carefully.
2 “Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of
the
examinations conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage
to public in any manner could lead to derailment of the examination system and
affect the life and future of millions of candidates. Sharing this policy/document
to anyone, publishing in any magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc
may invite action under various rules of the Board and IPC.”
3 Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should
not be done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking
Scheme should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while
evaluating, answers which are based on latest information or knowledge and/or
are innovative, they may be assessed for their correctness otherwise and due
marks be awarded to them. In class-X, while evaluating two competency-based
questions, please try to understand given answer and even if reply is not from
marking schemebut correct competency is enumerated by the candidate, due
marks should be
awarded.
4 The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers
These are in the nature of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer.
The
students can have their own expression and if the expression is correct, the due
marksshould be awarded accordingly.
5 The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each
evaluator on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the
instructions given in the Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should be
zero after delibration and discussion. The remaining answer books meant for evaluation
shall be given only after ensuring that there is no significant variation in the marking
of
individual evaluators.
6 Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS ‘X” be
marked. Evaluators will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that
answer is correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake
which
evaluators are committing.
7 If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part.
Marks
awarded for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the
left-hand margin and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
8 If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin
and
encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
9 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving
moremarks should be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra
Question”.
10 No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized
onlyonce.
11 A full scale of marks 80 (example 0 to 80/70/60/50/40/30 marks as given in
Question
Paper) has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if the answer

1

deservesit.
12 Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e., 8 hours
every day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer
books per day in other subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).
13 Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by
theExaminer in the past:-
● Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
● Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
● Wrong totaling of marks awarded on an answer.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
● Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
● Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
● Wrong grand total.
● Marks in words and figures not tallying/not same.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
● Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick
mark is correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the
X for incorrect answer.)
● Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks
awarded.
14 While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it
shouldbe marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.
15 Any un assessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error
detected by the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the
evaluation work as also of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all
concerned, it is again reiterated that the instructions be followed meticulously and
judiciously.
16 The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the
“Guidelines
for spot Evaluation” before starting the actual evaluation.
17 Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over
tothe title page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.
18 The candidates are entitled to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on
payment of the prescribed processing fee. All Examiners/Additional Head
Examiners/Head
Examiners are once again reminded that they must ensure that evaluation is carried
outstrictly as per value points for each answer as given in the Marking Scheme.

2

Set: 61/1/2
MARKING SCHEME-2023
HISTORY (027) MM: 80
S.No. Value Points Page Marks
No.
SECTION A
(Multiple Choice Type Questions) 21x1=21
1 (d) Gujarat 2 1
2 (d) Hidimba 65 1
3 (d) Rudradaman 38 1
4 (c) Garbhagraha 96-97 1
5 (c) S N Roy 20 1
6 (d) Uttar Pradesh 106 1
7 (c) Ashoka 32 1
8 (a) Sangama 173 1
9 (d) (iv), (ii), (iii), (i) 163- 1
164
10 (d) A is incorrect but R is the correct. 164- 1
165
11 (b) Francois Bernier - Frenchman 122 1
12 (a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A 132 1
13 (b) His book of travels is known as ‘Badshahnama 118 1
14 (a) Polaj 214 1
15 (d) Francis Buchanan 266 1
16 (b) Arrah – Kunwar Singh 292 1
17 (b) Dr B R Ambedkar – Chairman of the drafting committee 409 1
18 (b) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan 389 1
19 (c) Hansa Mehta 422 1
20 (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) 295 1
21 (b) Charles Cornwallis 259 1
SECTION-B
(Short- Answ er Type Questions)
22 (a) (a) Explain how the drainage system of Harappan cities 3
indicate tow n planning.
Ans. Pg. 6,7
(i) Urban Centres at Harappa were well planned.
(ii) The drains were properly laid down.
(iii) Roads and streets were laid down along
approximate grid pattern.
(iv) Streets with drains were laid out first and then
the houses were built.
(v) For domestic waste water to flow into street
drains every house needed to have at least one wall
along the street.
(vi) Any other relevant point 3
Any three points to be explained
OR
22. (b) Explain why the seals and sealings were used by the 3
Harappans.
Ans. Pg. 15
Seals and Sealings :

3

(i) They were used to facilitate long distance
communication.
(ii) On the mouth of a bag of goods, which is tied with
a rope, seals were pressed, leaving an impression.
( i i i ) If the bag reaches with sealing intact, it means, it
has not been tampered with.
( i v) T h e s ea l i ng a ls o c on ve ye d t he i de nt it y of t h e
s e nd er .
( v) Any other relevant point
Any three points to be explained
23. How did the Mahabharata reinforce the idea of 3
patrilineality? Explain.
Ans. i. Under patriliny sons could claim the resources of Pg.55-
56
their fathers, when the latter died.
ii. After the battle of Mahabharata
patrilineal succession was proclaimed.
iii. Mahabharata reinforced the idea that it was valuable.
iv. The wealthy men of that time and those who
had high status also followed this practice.
v. Even the Brahmins followed this practice of patriliny.
vi. Any other relevant point.
Any three to be explained.
24. (a) Explain the teaching of Kabir Das. 3
Ans Pg.161-
(a) Kabir: 162
i. Concept of ultimate reality
ii. Shabda and Shunya
iii. Naam Simaran
iv. Attacked Polytheism
v. Verses compiled in -The Kabir Bijak, the
Kabir Granthavali and many compositions in
the Adi Granth Sahib.
vi. Source of inspiration
vii. Any other relevant point.
OR
24. How did Chola rulers provide support to Bhakti traditions? 3
(b)
Ans. Pg.145-
Chola rulers : 146
i. Powerful Chola Rulers supported, brahmincal
and Bhakti traditions, made land grants,
constructed temples for Vishnu and Shiva.
ii. Shiva temples at Chidambaram, Thanjavur and
Gangaikonda Cholapuram were constructed
Spectacular representations of Shiva in bronze
structures were made inspired by the visions of
Nayanar saints.
iii. The Chola kings claimed divine support and
proclaimed their own power by building temples.
iv. They introduced the singing of Tamil Shaiva hymns in the
temples.
v. They organized them into texts. 3

4

vi. Any other relevant point.
Any three to be explained
25. Explain any three features of the‘Rihla’authored by Ibn Battuta. 3
Ans. Rihla : Pg.
119-
i. Written in Arabic. 121
ii. Presented socio–cultural life of the sub–continent.
iii. Record of all observations of Ibn Battuta.
iv. Travel account of Ibn Battuta. 3
Any other relevant point.
26. Explain any three sources to learn about the Revolt of 1857. 3
Ans. Sources of 1857 Revolt : Pg.
i. Letters and diaries 313
ii. Official records
iii. Newspapers
iv. Magazines
v. Paintings and Cartoons 3
vi. Any other relevant point P. 313
Any three to be explained.
27. Explain why did the Paharias of Rajmahal hills regularly 3
raid the settled agriculturists on the plains during the 18th
century?
Ans. Pg. 268
i. These raids became necessary for the survival of
Paharias.
ii. During the time of scarcity they had nothing to eat.
iii. Paharias also wanted to show their supremacy over the
settled farmers.
iv. This was also a means to negotiate political relations with
outsiders.
v. Any other relevant point.
Any three to be explained.
SECTION-C
(LONG-ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS)
28. (a) Examine the reasons and outcomes of the Salt Satyagraha. 4+4=8
Ans. (a)Salt Satyagraha : Pg.
356-
i. Salt law was the most disliked law in British India. 360
ii. Salt manufacturing was the State monopoly.
iii. Every household needed salt.
iv. People were forbidden from making salt.
v. People were compelled to take salt from shops at high
price.
vi. The state monopoly over salt was deeply unpopular.
vii. Because of wide discontentment among people
against British rule Salt Satyagraha was
launched.
viii. Any other relevant point
Any four points to be examined.
Results :
i. Salt manufacture was allowed along the coast.
ii. Gandhi’s name came to world attention. The
march was widely covered by the European and
American Press.
iii. It was a national activity that shook the British rule.
iv. This movement showed that British rule was not going
to last long.
v. Any other relevant point

5

Any four points to be examined.

OR
28. Examine the causes and events of Quit India movement. 4+4=8
(b)
Ans. Quit India : Pg.363-
364
Causes:
i. Refusal to the proposal of Independence after the
second world war.
ii. In the meeting of Congress with Lord Linlithgow,
the nature of India’s involvement in the war was
discussed, but negotiations with Viceroy broke
down, the Congress Ministries resigned.
iii. Failure of Cripps Mission.
iv. The political landscape become complicated as
now it had become a three ways struggle
between the Congress the Muslim league and the
British.
v. There was unrest among the masses due to
second world war.
vi. Any other relevant point.
Any four to be examined.
Events:

i. This movement was, in fact a mass movement.
ii. Even common people rose to the standard of
revolt against British raj.
iii. It energised the youth in large numbers.
iv. In 1945 labour government came to power in
Britain and was committed to free India.
v. Gandhi urged to follow the mantra of do or die.
vi. British arrested thousands of people and put them into
jail.
vii. Civil rights were suppressed.
viii. Freedom of speech was curtailed.
ix. British realized that they had to leave India for good.
x. Any other relevant point.
Any four to be examined.
29 Explain the structural and ritual related features of 8
Mahanavami Dibba.
Ans. Pg.180-
(a)Mahanavami Dibba 181

i. Mahanavami Dibba is located on the highest point.
ii. It is very impressive with a base of 11000 sq.
feet with 40 ft. height.
iii. It supported a wooden structure.
iv. The base of platform is covered with relief carvings.
v. Rituals performed here coincide with Mahanavami.
vi. Dusehra and Durga Puja were performed here.
vii. Vijayanagara kings also displayed power and prestige
here.
viii. Worship of the State horse and sacrifice of
buffalos was performed here.
ix. Wrestling matches were performed and
processions were taken out from here.
x. On the last day the king inspected his army and

6

the armies of the Nayakas in a grand ceremony.
xi. Chief nayakas and subordinate kings presented
themselves before the king with gifts to show
their loyalty.
xii. Any other relevant point. 8
Any eight points to be explained. P. 180 – 181
OR
29. Explain the significance of fortification and roads of 8
(b) Vijayanagara as described by Abdur Razzaq.

Ans. (b) Abdur Razzak, an ambassador of the ruler of Pg.177-
Persia was greatly impressed by the fortification. 178

i. There were seven lines of forts.
ii. These encircled not only the city but also the
agricultural tracts and forests.
iii. Outermost wall linked the hills surrounding the city.
iv. No cement was used in the construction of these walls.
v. The stone blocks were wedge shaped.
vi. The significant aspect of fortification was that it
enclosed agricultural tracts.
vii. This was done so that people would not starve
during medieval sieges.
viii. The second line of fortification went round the
inner core of the urban complex.
ix. A third line surrounding the royal centre had
major buildings surrounded by high walls.
x. The fort was entered through well-guarded gates
which linked the cities to the roads.
xi. Any other relevant point.
Any eight points to be explained. P. 177 – 178
30. (a) “The Stupa at Sanchi is among the best preserved 8
monuments of the earliest times.” Explain the statement.
Ans. (a) Sanchi Stupa : Pg. 83
This most wonderful ancient building is at Sanchi
Kanakhera.
i. This Stupa was of great interest to Europeans.
ii. The French sought permission of Shah Jahan Begum to
take away the eastern gateway.
iii. French wanted to keep it in their museum.
iv. The English also wanted to do the same thing.
v. Begum refused and they got the plaster copies of the
same.
vi. Begums provided money for the preservation of this
monument.
vii. The Begum also funded the museum and guest house in
the Stupa complex.
viii. Wise decisions of the Begums of Bhopal.
ix. Due to good luck in escaping the eyes of railway
contractors and builders.
x. Today it is the key archaeological site and best
preserved.
xi. Any other relevant point
Any eight points to be explained
OR
30. (b) Explain the growth of Puranic Hinduism. 8
Ans. Puranic Hinduism : Pg.104-
i. Vaishnavism is part of Puranic Hinduism and in this 105

7

Vishnu is worshipped.
ii. In Shaivism tradition, Shiva is the chief deity.
iii. The worship of these deities is considered a bond
between the deity and the worshipper.
iv. In Vaishnavism there are many incarnations or Avtars.
v. Ten avatars have been recognised.
vi. It is presumed that whenever there was disorder on this
earth one avatar appeared to save people from evil forces.
vii. Each avatar is recognised as a local deity.
viii. Shiva is symbolised in the form of linga although
occasionally represented in human form too.
ix. All deities in human from depicted complex set of ideas
and their attributes through symbols such as head
dresses ornaments and weapons.
x. Any other relevant point
Any eight points to be explained

31. Read the given source and answer the questions that Pg. 215 (1+1+2=4)
follows : Cash or Kind?
31.1 Explain the meaning of cash. 1
Ans. Cash means money/metal currency in the form of Rupya/ Rupee.
31.2 Explain the role of Amil-Guzar. 1
Ans. The role of Amil Guzar was to assess the land revenue and
then to collect revenue from the peasants in cash or kind.
31.3 Explain the system of lang batai. 2
Ans. (i) Lang batai was the system under which, after cutting the
grain heaps were formed.
(ii) These heaps were divided among themselves and each
takes his share home and turns it to profit.
32. Read the given source and answer the questions that follow: Pg.35 (1+1+2=4)
(32.1) Who is the author of Arthashastra? 1
Ans. Kautilya or Chanakya is the author of Arthashastra.
(32.2) How were the elephants traced in the forests? 1
Ans. Elephants are traced in the forests by following the course of
urine and dung scattered in the forests with the help of 5 or 7
female Elephants.
(32.3) Why were the elephants captured by the Mauryan rulers? 2
Ans. (i) Elephants were captured to raise the military strength of
elephant by the Maurya rulers.
(ii) Acco rdin g to G reek sou rces , the Mau rya n rul er
h ad a standi ng a rmy of 9,000 ele pha nts.
33. Read the given source and answer the questions that follows: Pg. 417 (1+1+2=4)
“The British element is gone, but they have left the mischief
behind”
33.1 Mention the meaning of separate electorates. 1
Ans. It was a part of political framework in which minorities could be
elected and have meaningful voice in the administration.
32.2 Why did Sardar Patel insist on unity? 1
Ans. Patel was against separate electorate because he felt that in
this way minorities will always remain minority.
33.3 Why was separate electorate considered a mischief by the 2
British?
Ans. (i) Separate electorate was considered a mischief by the
British, as it laid the foundation of dividing the
different communities.
(ii) (ii) Endangered the unity of the nation.

8

SECTION—E
34 (Map–Based Questions) (3+2=5)
34.1 On the given political outline map of India (on page 23),
locate and label the following with appropriate symbols
:
Ans.(i) Mathura –A place of Ashokan inscription. 1
(ii) Rajgir–The capital of early State of Magadha. 1

(iii) (a) Chandragiri–Where Aravidu dynasty ruled. 1
OR
(iii) (b) Delhi–Capital of Mughal Empire 1
34.2 On the same map, two centres related to the Revolt of 1857 are 2
marked as A and B. Identify them and write their names of the lines
drawn near them.
(3+2=5)
Note : The following questions are for the Visually
Impaired Candidates, only in lieu of Q.No. 34:
34.1 Name one place where Ashokan inscription is 1
found.
Ans. Sanchi or any other place
34.2 Which was the capital town of State of Magadha? 1
Ans. Rajgir
34.3 (a) Name the place where Sangam dynasty ruled? 1
Ans. (a) Vijaynagara /Hampi
OR
34.3 (b) Name the capital of Mughal Empire in Uttar 1
Pradesh.’
Ans. (b) Agra
34. 2
Mention any two centres of Revolt of 1857.
Ans.
Meerut, Delhi, Gwalior or any other

9

10

Marking Scheme
Strictly Confidential
(For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior School Certificate Examination, 2023
HISTORY-(027) (PAPER CODE 61/1/3)
General Instructions: -
1 You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious
problems which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching
profession. To avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you
must read and
understand the spot evaluation guidelines carefully.
2 “Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of
the
examinations conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage
to public in any manner could lead to derailment of the examination system and
affect the life and future of millions of candidates. Sharing this policy/document
to anyone, publishing in any magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc
may invite action under various rules of the Board and IPC.”
3 Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should
not be done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking
Scheme should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while
evaluating, answers which are based on latest information or knowledge and/or
are innovative, they may be assessed for their correctness otherwise and due
marks be awarded to them. In class-X, while evaluating two competency-based
questions, please try to understand given answer and even if reply is not from
marking schemebut correct competency is enumerated by the candidate, due
marks should be
awarded.
4 The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers
These are in the nature of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer.
The
students can have their own expression and if the expression is correct, the due
marksshould be awarded accordingly.
5 The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each
evaluator on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the
instructions given in the Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should be
zero after delibration and discussion. The remaining answer books meant for evaluation
shall be given only after ensuring that there is no significant variation in the marking
of
individual evaluators.
6 Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS ‘X” be
marked. Evaluators will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that
answer is correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake
which
evaluators are committing.
7 If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part.
Marks
awarded for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the
left-hand margin and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
8 If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin
and
encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
9 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving
moremarks should be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra
Question”.
10 No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized
onlyonce.
11 A full scale of marks 80 (example 0 to 80/70/60/50/40/30 marks as given in
Question
Paper) has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if the answer

1

deservesit.
12 Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e., 8 hours
every day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer
books per day in other subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).
13 Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by
theExaminer in the past:-
● Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
● Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
● Wrong totaling of marks awarded on an answer.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
● Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
● Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
● Wrong grand total.
● Marks in words and figures not tallying/not same.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
● Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick
mark is correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the
X for incorrect answer.)
● Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks
awarded.
14 While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it
shouldbe marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.
15 Any un assessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error
detected by the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the
evaluation work as also of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all
concerned, it is again reiterated that the instructions be followed meticulously and
judiciously.
16 The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the
“Guidelines
for spot Evaluation” before starting the actual evaluation.
17 Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over
tothe title page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.
18 The candidates are entitled to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on
payment of the prescribed processing fee. All Examiners/Additional Head
Examiners/Head
Examiners are once again reminded that they must ensure that evaluation is carried
outstrictly as per value points for each answer as given in the Marking Scheme.

2

Set: 61/1/3
MARKING SCHEME-2023
HISTORY (027) MM: 80
S.No. Value Points Page No. Marks
SECTION A
(Multiple Choice Type Questions) 21x1=21
1 (a) Rajasthan 2 1
2 (c) Garbhagriha 96-97 1
3 (d) Hidimba 65 1
4 (d) Rudradaman 38 1
5 (c ) S N Roy 20 1
6 (d) Uttar Pradesh 106 1
7 (c) Ashoka 32 1
8 (a)Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A 132 1
9 (b) Francois Bernier- Frenchman 122 1
10 (d) A is incorrect but R is the correct. 164-165 1
11 (d) (iv), (ii), (iii), (i) 163-164 1
12 (a) Sangama 173 1
13 (b) His book of travels is known as ‘Badshahnama 118 1
14 (a) Polaj 214 1
15 (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) 295 1
16 (b) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan 389 1
17 (c) Hansa Mehta 422 1
18 (d) Dr B R Ambedkar – Chairman of the drafting committee 409 1
19 (b)Arrah – kunwar singh 292 1
20 (d) Francis Buchanan 266 1
21 (b) Charles Cornwallis 259 1
22 (a) (a) Explain how the drainage system of Harappan 3
cities indicate tow n planning.
Ans. Pg. 6,7
(i) Urban Centres at Harappa were well
planned.
(ii) The drains were properly laid
down.
(iii) Roads and streets were laid down along
approximate grid pattern.
(iv) Streets with drains were laid out first
and then the houses were built.
(v) For domestic waste water to flow into
street drains every house needed to have at
least one wall along the street.
(vi) Any other relevant point 3
Any three points to be explained
OR
22. (b) Explain why the seals and sealings were used by 3
the Harappans.
Ans. Pg. 15
Seals and Sealings :
(i) They were used to facilitate long

3

distance communication.
(ii) On the mouth of a bag of goods, which is tied
with a rope, seals were pressed, leaving an
impression.
( i i i ) If the bag reaches with sealing intact, it
means, it has not been tampered with.
( i v) T h e s ea l i ng a ls o c on ve ye d t he i de nt it y of
t he se nd er .
( v) Any other relevant point
Any three points to be explained
23. Explain how Brahmins evolved different strategies 3
to enforce social normsof varna order.
Ans. Pg. 61
(i) The Brahmins asserted that the
Varna order is of divine origin and
people must adopt it.
(ii) They advised the kings to issue order
for the public to follow the norms of
Varna order.
(iii) Brahmins also attempted to tell the
people that their status is determined
by birth.
(iv) These prescriptions were reinforced by
stories told in Mahabharata and other
texts.
(v) Any other relevant point
Any three points to be explained

24. (a) Explain the teaching of Lingayat tradition. 3
Ans. 147
Lingayats :

(i) Worshipped Shiva in Linga form.
(ii) Men usually wear a small Linga in a silver
case on a loop strung over left shoulder.
(iii) Do not practice funerary rites.
(iv) Challenged caste system.
(v) Questioned the theory of rebirth.
(vi) Any other relevant point
Any three points to be explained
OR
24. (b) Explain the teachings of Islam. 3
Ans Teaching of Islam. 151
There are five pillars of Islam.

(i) There is one God, Allah, Prophet
Muhammad is his messenger (Shahda)
(ii) Off ering prayers f ive times a day
namaz/salat)
(iii) Giving alms (Zakat)
(iv) F a s t i n g d u r i ng t h e m o n t h of
R a m za n ( s a wm )

4

(v) Performing the pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj)
(vi) These universal features were often
overlaid with diversities in practice
derived from sectarian affiliations
(Sunni, Shi’a).
(vii) There was influence of local customary
practices of converts from different
social milieus.
(viii) Any other relevant point
Any three points to be explained.
25. Explain any three things observed by Ibn 3
B a t t u t a i n t h e I n d i a n subcontinent.
Ans. Things observed by Ibn Battuta: Pg. 126-
(i) Paan –Betel plant looking like grape plant. 129 &
Grown for the sake of its leaves. 135
(ii) Coconut–Coconut trees looked like date
palms. Resembled a man’s head.
(iii) Forts and their gateways - elaborate
description
(iv) Bright and colourful Markets stacked with
variety of goods. Most bazaars had a mosque
and a temple and spaces for public
performances by dancers, musicians and
singers.
(v) Cities - densely populated and prosperous
(vi) Unique system of communication, postal
system (by horse and human runners).
(vii) Slaves–Salves were openly sold in markets,
like commodity and were regularly exchanged
as gifts.
(viii) Any other relevant point
Any three points to be explained
26. Explain the role of Bahadur Shah Zafar in the 3
Revolt of 1857.
Ans. Bahadur Shah Zafar: Pg. 288

(i) Bahadur Shah was ab old Mughal emperor.
(ii) Supported sepoys against British
(iii) Gave legitimacy to the revolt
(iv) Supported cause of Rebels
(v) Supported the Proclamation
(vi) Any other relevant point
Any three points to be explained
27. Explain the policies adopted by the British towards 3
Paharias in the second half of the 18th century.
Ans. (i) By 1770s the British followed the brutal policy of Pg. 269
extermination.
(ii) They started hunting and killing the paharias.
(iii) By 1780s Cleveland proposed policy of pacification.
(iv) Paharia chiefs were given annual allowance so as
to keep their men under control.
(v) Many paharias refused allowance.
(vi) Pacification campaigns continued and paharias
withdrew deeper into the Rajmahal hills.
(vii) Any other relevant point

5

(viii) Any three points to be explained
SECTION-C
(LONG-ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS)
28. (a) Explain the reasons of apogee and fall of the 8
Vijayanagara Empire.
Ans. (i) Krishanadeva Raya was a powerful ruler of Pg.
Vijayanagara. 173,174
(ii) He expanded and consolidated his empire.
(iii) He acquired Raichur Doab and defeated the rulers
of Orissa and Sultans of Bijapur.
(iv) Amara-Nayaka system also consolidated the
empire.
(v) In the times of peace many temples and
impressive Gopurams were built.
(vi) After the death of Krishanadeva Raya, strain
began to show within the imperial structure.
(vii) Nayakas or military chiefs started troubling
the successors of Krishanadeva Raya.
(viii) Rama Raya became very ambitious.
(ix) He also played one Sultan against the other.
(x) The Sultans saw through his tricks and they
combined their forces.
(xi) Rama Raya led his army against the Sultans
in a battle where his army was routed.
(xii) In this way the Sultans ruined Vijayanagara.
(xiii) Any other relevant point
Any eight points to be explained
OR
28. (b) Explain the distinctive features of the Royal Centre of 8
Vijayanagara Empire.

Ans. The royal centre had more than 60 temples and about 30 Pg.179-
183
buildings.
(a) The Mahanavami Dibba :
(i) It is located on the highest point and
has a base of 11000 sq. feet with 40
feet height.
(ii) Dusehra and Durga Puja were
celebrated here.
(iii) Vijaynagara kings displayed power
and prestige here.
(iv) Wrestling matches and processions
were taken out.

(b) Hazara Rama Temple :

(i) This is a spectacular temple.
(ii) It is probably meant for the use of
king and his family.
(iii) T h e im ag e s in t h e ce nt r a l s hr in e
a r e m i ss i ng ho we ve r sculpted
panels on the wall survived.
(iv) There are scenes of Ramayana
sculptured on the inner walls.

6

(c) Lotus Mahal:
( i) ( i) Lot us Maha l is t he m ost beaut if ul buil ding
in t he r oyal centre.
( ii) (ii) This may have been used as a council
chamber.
( iii) (iii) Here the king used to meet his
advisors.
(v) (iv) It was so named by British travellers in the
19 t h Century.
(d) A building called “elephants stables” was located
close to the Lotus Mahal.
Any other relevant point
To be assessed as a whole.
29. (a) “The Stupa at Sanchi is among the best preserved 8
monuments of the earliest times.” Explain the
statement.
Ans. Sanchi Stupa : Pg. 83

(i) This most wonderful ancient
b u i l d i n g i s a t S a n c h i Kanakhera.
(ii) This Stupa was of great interest to
Europeans.
(iii) The French sought permission of Shah
Jahan Begum to take away the eastern
gateway.
(iv) French wanted to keep it in their
museum.
(v) The English also wanted to do the
same thing.
(vi) Beg um r ef used and t he y g ot t he
plast er copies of t he sam e.
(vii) Begums provided money for the
p r e s e r v a t i o n o f t h i s monument.
(viii) The Begum also funded the museum and
guest house in the Stupa complex.
(ix) W ise decisions of the Begums of
Bhopal.
(x) Due to good luck in escaping the eyes of
railway contractors and builders.
(xi) T o da y it is t h e k e y a r c ha eo l og i ca l s it e
a n d b est pr es er ved.
(xii) Any other relevant point
Any eight points to be explained
OR
29. (b) Explain the grow th of Puranic Hinduism. 8
Ans. Pg. 104-
Puranic Hinduism : 105

(i) Vaishnavism is part of Puranic Hinduism
and in this Vishnu is worshipped.

7

(ii) In Shaivism tradition, Shiva is the chief
deity.
(iii) The worship of these deities is considered
a bond between the deity and the
worshipper.
(iv) In Vaishnavism there are many
incarnations or Avtars.
(v) Ten avtars have been recognised.
(vi) It is presumed that whenever there was
disorder on this earth one avtar appeared
to save people from evil forces.
(vii) Each avtar is recognised as a local deity.
(viii) Shiva is symbolised in the form of linga
although occasionally represented in
human form too.
(ix) All deities in human from depicted complex
set of ideas and their attributes through
symbols such as head dresses ornaments
and weapons.
(x) Any other relevant point
Any eight points to be explained

30. (a) Why w as Gandhiji called a ‘people’s leader’ 8
a n d h o w d i d G a n d h i j i seek to identify himself with
the common people? Explain.
Ans. Pg. 351-
Gandhi : 354
(i) By 1922 Gandhi had transformed the
national movement.
(ii) It was no longer a movement of
professional and intellectuals, hundreds of
thousands of common people joined it.
(iii) Gandhi dressed like the common people.
(iv) People appreciated that Gandhi wears
like them, speaks their language and lives
like them.
(v) Gandhi went among the people in dhoti
and loin cloth.
(vi) He spent part of the day in spinning cotton
on charkha.
(vii) Gandhi looked like the peasants of
Eastern UP.
(viii) Wherever Gandhi went, rumours spread
of his miraculous powers.
(ix) People started calling him as Gandhi
Baba or Mahatma.

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(x) His appeal to the people was genuine.
(xi) Any other relevant point
Any eight points to be explained.
OR
30. (b) Explain the different sources which are 8
helpful in knowing the political career and
achievements of Gandhiji.
Ans. Sources of knowing political career and achievements of P-367-
Gandhiji: 373
(i) Public voices
(ii)Private Scripts, Letters
(iii)
Books written by many people
(iv)Newspapers and magazines
(v) Archives
(vi)Gandhi’s own writings
(vii)
Script of the then leaders
(viii)
Autobiography
(ix)Police and court records
(x) Press-media
(xi)Any other relevant point
Any eight points to be explained.
31. Read the given source and answer the questions that Pg. 215 (1+1+2=4)
follows : Cash or Kind?
31.1 Explain the meaning of cash. 1
Ans. Cash means money/metal currency in the form of Rupya/
Rupee.
31.2 Explain the role of Amil-Guzar. 1
Ans. The role of Amil Guzar was to assess the land revenue
and then to collect revenue from the peasants in cash or
kind.
31.3 Explain the system of lang batai. 2
Ans. (i) Lang batai was the system under which, after cutting
the grain heaps were formed.
(ii) These heaps were divided among themselves and
each takes his share home and turns it to profit.
32. Read the given source and answer the questions that Pg.35 (1+1+2=4)
follow:
(32.1) Who is the author of Arthashastra? 1
Ans. Kautilya or Chanakya is the author of Arthashastra.
(32.2) How were the elephants traced in the forests? 1
Ans. Elephants are traced in the forests by following the
course of urine and dung scattered in the forests with the
help of 5 or 7 female Elephants.
(32.3) Why were the elephants captured by the Mauryan 2
rulers?
Ans. (i) Elephants were captured to raise the military
strength of elephant by the Maurya rulers.
(ii) Acco rdin g to G reek sou rces , the Mau rya n
rul er ha d a standi ng a rmy o f 9,0 00
el eph ants .
33. Read the given source and answer the questions that Pg. 417 (1+1+2=4)
follows:
“The British element is gone, but they have left the
mischief behind”
33.1 Mention the meaning of separate electorates. 1

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Ans. It was a part of political framework in which minorities could
be elected and have meaningful voice in the administration.
32.2 Why did Sardar Patel insist on unity? 1
Ans. Patel was against separate electorate because he felt
that in this way minorities will always remain minority.
33.3 Why was separate electorate considered a mischief by 2
the British?
Ans. (i) Separate electorate was considered a mischief
by the British, as it laid the foundation of
dividing the different communities.
(ii) (ii) Endangered the unity of the nation.
SECTION—E (3+2=5)
34 (Map–Based Questions)
34.1 On the given political outline map of India (on
page 23), locate and label the following with
appropriate symbols :
Ans.(i) Mathura –A place of Ashokan inscription. 1
(ii) Rajgir–The capital of early State of Magadha. 1

(iii) (a) Chandragiri–Where Aravidu dynasty ruled. 1
OR
(iii) (b) Delhi–Capital of Mughal Empire 1
34.2 On the same map, two centres related to the Revolt of 1857 2
are marked as A and B. Identify them and write their names
of the lines drawn near them.
(3+2=5)
Note : The following questions are for the
Visually Impaired Candidates, only in lieu of
Q.No. 34:
34.1 Name one place where Ashokan inscription is 1
found.
Ans. Sanchi or any other place
34.2 Which was the capital town of State of 1
Magadha?
Ans. Rajgir
34.3 (a) Name the place where Sangam dynasty 1
ruled?
Ans. (a) Vijaynagara /Hampi
OR
34.3 (b) Name the capital of Mughal Empire in 1
Uttar Pradesh.’
Ans. (b) Agra
34. 2
Mention any two centres of Revolt of 1857.
Ans.
Meerut, Delhi, Gwalior or any other

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