Class 11 Sample Paper 2022 Geography Term 1

No. of pages - 24
PRACTICE PAPER-1 (2021-22)
CLASS : XI
SUBJECT: GEOGRAPHY (029)
Time Allowed : 90 Min. Maximum Marks : 35
le; % 90 feuV vf/dre vad & 35

lkekU; funsZ'k&
1- iz'u i=k esa 3 [k.M gSA (v] c vkSj l)
2- [kaM v esa 24 iz'u gSaA fdUgha 20 iz'uksa ds mÙkj nhft,A
3- [kaM c esa 24 iz'u gSaA fdUgha 20 iz'uksa ds mÙkj nhft,A (ekufp=k vuqHkkx iz-la-
25&29) vfuok;Z gSA
4- [kaM l esa 12 iz'u gSaA fdUgha 10 iz'uksa ds mÙkj nhft,A lh [kaM dk igyk Hkkx
lzksr vk/kfjr iz'u esa 4 iz'u fn, gSaA iz-l- 49&52] lHkh iz'u vfuok;Z gSaA
5- lHkh iz'uksa ds vad leku gSaA
6- dksbZ udkjkRed vadu ugha gSA
General Instruction:
1. The question paper contains three sections (A, B and C)
2. Section A comprises of 24 questions. Attempt any 20 questions.
3. Section B comprises of 24 questions. Attempt any 20 questions. (Map
section (Q.No. 25-29) is mandatory to attempt
4. Section C has 12 questions. Attempt any 10 questions. (First part of Section-
C source based has 4 questions i.e.Q.No.49-52) and all need to be attempted.
5. All questions carry equal marks.
6. There is no negative marking.
**************

1 XI-GEOGRAPHY

[k.M&d (Section-A)
bl [kaM esa 24 iz'u gSa] fdUgha 20 iz'uksa ds mÙkj nhft,A
There are 24 questions in this section. Attempt any 20 questions.
1- ^^Hkwxksy dk mís'; /jkry dh izknsf'kd@{ks=kh; fHkUurk dk o.kZu ,oa O;k[;k
djuk gSA**
;g dFku lacaf/r gS %
(a) fjpMZ gkVZ 'kksuZ (b) vYizsQM gSVuj
(c) gsjksMVl (d) vjLrw
“Geography is concerned with the description and explanation of the areal
differentiation of the earth’s surface”.
This statement is related with :
(a) Richard Hart Shorne (b) Al Ferd Hettner
(c) Herodotus (d) Aristotle
2- fuEu esa ls fdl xzg dk ?kuRo vf/d gS\
(a) c`gLifr (b) 'kfu
(c) i`Foh (d) 'kqozQ
Which one of the following planet has higher density?
(a) Jupiter (b) Saturn
(c) Earth (d) Venus
3- fuEu esa ls dkSu&lh la[;k cq/ dh vk;q dks iznf'kZr djrh gS\
(a) 4-6 yk[k o"kZ (b) 4-600 djksM+ o"kZ
(c) 13-7 vjc o"kZ (d) 13-7 [kjc o"kZ
Which one of the following figures represents the age of the Mercury?
(a) 4.6 million years (b) 4.6 billion years
(c) 13.7 billion years (d) 13.7 trillion years
4- fuEu esa dkSu&lk i`Foh dh vkarfjd tkudkjh dk nwljk vizR;{k Ïksr gS\
(a) [kuu (b) eSXek

(c) mYdk,¡ (d) xq#Ro

2 XI-GEOGRAPHY

Which one of the following is the second indirect source of information
about the inferior?
(a) Mining (b) Magma
(c) Meteors (d) Gravity
5- fuEu esa ls fdl ijr dk ?kuRo lcls de gS\
(a) eSVy (b) ozQksM
(c) HkwiiZVh (d) mijksDr lHkh
Which one of the following layers has the lowest density?
(a) The mattle (b) The core
(c) The crost (d) All of the above
6- ;wjsf'k;u IysV fdl izdkj dh IysV dk ,d mnkgj.k gS\
(a) egklkxjh; (b) egk}hih;
(c) egk}hih; egklkxjh; (d) izknsf'kd
Euraian plate is an example of which of the following plate?
(a) Oceanic (b) Continental
(c) Continental-Oceanic (d) Regional
7- IysV foorZfudh fl¼kar osQ vuqlkj eq[; IysVks dh la[;k fdruh gS\
(a) 7 (b) 8
(c) 5 (d) 6
What is the number of major plates as per the theory of plate tectonics?
(a) 7 (b) 8
(c) 5 (d) 6
8- fuEu esa ls /jkry ij lcls igys dkSu&lh rjaxs igq¡prh gS\
(a) HkwxfHkZd rjaxs (b) /jkryh; rjaxs
(c) ‘S’ rjaxs (d) ‘P’ rjaxs
Which of the following waves first arrives at the surface?

(a) Body waves (b) Surface waves
(c) S-waves (d) P-waves

3 XI-GEOGRAPHY

9- ;fn fdlh HkwoaQi dh rhozrk 8-0 gS] rks mls fdlosQ }kjk ekik tk,xk\
(a) fjDVj LosQy (b) ejoSQyh LosQy
(c) HkwoaQi ekih ;a=k (d) ,uheksehVj
If an earthquake has a magnitude of 8.0, It will be measured by –
(a) Richter Scale (b) Mercalli Scale
(c) Seismograph (d) Anemometer
10- fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdl izfozQ;k esa i`Foh osQ Hkhrjh Hkkx ls xSls /jrh ij vkrh gS\
(a) lkSj iou (b) xSl mRltZu
(c) foHksnu (d) izdk'k la'ys"k.k
In which of the following process gases are out poured from the earth’s
interior?
(a) Solar Winds (b) Degassing
(c) Differentiation (d) Photo Synthesis
11- fuEu esa ls dkSu&lh Hkw&oSKkfud dky ekiozQe vof/ lcls yach gS\
(a) bvksu (b) egkdYi
(c) dYi (d) ;qx
Which one of the following geological time scale has the longest duration?
(a) Eons (b) Era
(c) Period (d) Epoch
12- isVªksykWth foKku gS &
(a) HkwxHkZ (b) e`nk
(c) 'kSys (d) [kfut
Petrology is a Science of –

(a) Geology (b) Soil
(c) Rocks (d) Minerals

4 XI-GEOGRAPHY

13- fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lk v{kka'kh; foLrkj Hkkjr dh laiw.kZ Hkwfe osQ foLrkj osQ
lanHkZ esa izklafxd gS\
(a) 8º41’ m- ls 35º7’ m- (b) 8º4’ m- ls 35º6’ m-
(c) 8º4’ m- ls 37º6’ m- (d) 6º45’ m- ls 37º6’ m-
Which one of the following latitudinal extent is relevant for the extent of
entire India’s area?
(a) 8º41’ N - 35º7’ N (b) 8º4’ N - 35º6’ N
(c) 8º4’ N - 37º6’ N (d) 6º45’ N - 37º6’ N
14- fuEu esa ls fdlus Hkkjrh; miegk}hi dks ,d vf}rh; {ks=kh; igpku nh gS\
(a) fgan egklkxj (b) njsZ
(c) ou (d) fgeky;
Which one of the following has given a unique regional identity to the
Indian Subcontinent?
(a) Indian Ocean (b) Passes
(c) Forest (d) The Himalayas
15- fuEu esa ls dkSu&lk LFkku {ks=kiQy dh n`f"V ls Hkkjr dk gS\
(a) 7 (b) 8
(c) 9 (d) 6
Which one of the following position belongs to India in the terms of area?
(a) 7 (b) 8
(c) 9 (d) 6
16- fuEu esa ls dkSu&lh js[kk Hkkjr ls xqtjrh gS\
(a) doZQ js[kk (b) edj js[kk
(c) vkoZQfVd o`Ùk (d) vaVkoZQfVd o`Ùk
Which one of the following line passes through India?
(a) Tropic of Cancer (b) Tropic of Capricon

(c) Arctic Circle (d) Antarctic Circle

5 XI-GEOGRAPHY

17- fuEu esa ls fdl jkT; ls ekud ;kE;ksrj js[kk xqtjrh gS\
(a) >kj[kaM (b) rsyaxkuk
(c) egkjk"Vª (d) dksbZ ugha
Which one of the following states standard merdian passes through?
(a) Jharkhand (b) Telangana
(c) Maharashtra (d) None of the above
18- fuEu esa ls dkSu&lk iM+kslh ns'k LFky :¼ ugha gS\
(a) ekynho (b) ckaXykns'k
(c) phu (d) dksbZ ugha
Which one of the following is not the land locked country?
(a) Maldives (b) Bangladesh
(c) China (d) None of the above
19- xk¡/h lkxj ck¡/ cuk;k x;k gS &
(a) ;equk (b) pacy
(c) 'kkjnk (d) dkslh
The Gandhi Sagar Dam has been constructed on –
(a) The Yamuna (b) The Chambal
(c) The Sarda (d) The Kosi
20- fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lk rkih unh dk mn~xe LFky gS\
(a) vejoaQVd (b) flgkok
(c) eqyrkbZ (d) egkcys'oj
Which one of the following is the origin part of River Tapi?
(a) Amarkantak (b) Sihawa
(c) Multai (d) Mahabaleshwar
21- osQjy dh lcls cM+h unh gS &
(a) dkosjh (b) Hkjriw>k

(c) isfj;kj (d) ikack

6 XI-GEOGRAPHY

The longest river of Kerala is -
(a) The Kaveri (b) The Bharathapuzha
(c) The Periyar (d) The Pamba
22- lkcjerh ,d izfl¼ unh gS &
(a) xqtjkr (b) eè; izns'k
(c) jktLFkku (d) egkjk"Vª
Sabarmati is a famous river of –
(a) Gujarat (b) Madhya Pradesh
(c) Rajasthan (d) Maharashtra
23- fuEu esa ls fdl jkT; esa xaxk dh nzks.kh lcls NksVh gS\
(a) mÙkj izns'k (b) fcgkj
(c) if'pe caxky (d) mÙkjk[k.M
Which of the following state has the smallest part of the Ganga River’s
basin?
(a) Uttar Pradesh (b) Bihar
(c) West Bengal (d) Uttarakhand
24- lqcufljh ,d lgk;d unh gS &
(a) fla/q (b) czãiq=k
(c) lryqt (d) ;equk
Subansiri is a tributary of –
(a) The Indus (b) The Brahmaputra
(c) The Satluj (d) The Yamuna
[k.M&[k (Section-B)
bl [kaM esa 24 iz'u gSa] dksbZ Hkh 20 iz'u gy dhft,A
iz'u la[;k (25&29) ekufp=k ij vk/kfjr iz'u gS rFkk gy djuk vfuok;Z gS

(n`f"Vckf/r fo|kFkhZ Hkh cgqfodYih; iz'uksa dk gy djsaA)
There are 24 questions in this section. Attempt any 20 questions.

7 XI-GEOGRAPHY

Question No. 25-29 are based on map and are mandatory to attempt. Visually
impaired students will also attempt MCQs.

25- mÙkjh vesfjdk egk}hi esa lcls cM+s HkkSxksfyd {ks=k okyk ns'k pqfu, &
(a) dukMk (b) vejhdk
(c) esfDldks (d) xzhuySaM
Choose the country with largest Geographical Area in the North American
Continent –
(a) Canada (b) U.S.A.
(c) Mexico (d) Greenland
26- fuEu esa ls vkLVªsfy;k esa fLFkr xeZ e:LFky gS\
(a) foDVksfj;k (b) Fkkj

(c) lgkjk (d) ekstkos

8 XI-GEOGRAPHY

Which one of the following is a hot desert located in Australia?
(a) Victoria (b) Thar
(c) Sahara (d) Mojave
27- fuEu esa ls dkSu&lk ?kkl dk eSnku vizQhdk esa fLFkr gS\
(a) isz;jht (b) osYMl
(c) osQVjcjh (d) LVsih
Which one of the following grassland is situated in Africa?
(a) Prairies (b) Velds
(c) Canterbury (d) Steppes
28- fuEu esa ls dkSu&lh ioZr J`a[kyk nf{k.k vesfjdk esa gS\
(a) vYil (b) fgeky;
(c) ,aMhl (d) jkWdh
Which one of the following Mountain Range is in South America?
(a) Alps (b) Himalayas
(c) Andes (d) Rocky
29- fuEu esa ls dkSu&lh ,d egklkxjh; IysV gS\
(a) vizQhdh (b) ;wjsf'k;kbZ
(c) nf{k.k vesfjdk (d) iz'kkar
Which one of the following is an Oceanic Plate?
(a) African (b) Eurasia
(c) South America (d) Pacific
iz'u la[;k 30&48 (dksbZ Hkh 15 iz'u ds mÙkj nhft,)
Question No.30-48 (attempt any 15 questions)
30- fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj djsa vkSj lgh fodYi pqusaA
(1) gekjs lkSjeaMy esa vkB xzg gSaA

(2) fugkfjdk dks lkSjeaMy dk tud ekuk tkrk gSA

9 XI-GEOGRAPHY

(a) dsoy 1 lgh gS (b) dsoy 2 lgh gS
(c) 1 o 2 nksuksa lgh gS (d) nksuksas xyr gS
Consider the following statements and choose the correct option.
(1) Our Solar System consists of eight planets.
(2) Our Solar System is made up of Nebula.
(a) Only 1 is correct (b) Only 2 is correct
(c) Both 1 and 2 are correct (d) Both are incorrect
31- dFku&I % ikfFkZo xzg NksVs gSaA
dFku&II % ;s tud rkjs osQ cgqr lehi cus gSaA
(a) osQoy dFku I lgh gSA
(b) osQoy dFku lgh gS rFkk dFku II, dFku I dh lgh O;k[;k djrk gSA
(c) osQoy dFku II lgh gSA
(d) nksuksa dFku lgh gSA
Statement-I : The terrestrial planets are smaller.
Statement-II : These are formed in the close vicinity of the parent star.
(a) Only statement-I is correct.
(b) Both statements are correct and statemetn II correctly expains
statement-I.
(c) Only statement-II is correct.
(d) Both the statements are correct.
32- HkwoaQi osQ mn~xe osQUnz osQ ckjs esa fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lk dFku lgh gS\
1- og LFkku tgk¡ ls mQtkZ fudyrh gSA
2- mn~xe osQUnz dks voosaQnz Hkh dgk tkrk gSA
3- mQtkZ rjaxs vyx&vyx fn'kkvksa esa pyrh gqbZ i`Foh dh lrg rd igq¡prh
gSA
(a) osQoy 1 vkSj 2 (b) osQoy 2 vkSj 3

(c) osQoy 1 vkSj 3 (d) 1] 2 vkSj 3

10 XI-GEOGRAPHY

Which of the following statements is the correct about focus of an
earthquake?
1. The point where the energy is released.
2. Focus is also known as Hypocentre.
3. The energy waves travelling in different directions reach the surface.
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
33- HkwdEi osQ ckjs esa fuEu dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft, vkSj lgh fodYi dh igpku
dhft,A
1- HkwoaQi i`Foh dk oaQiu gSA
2- lHkh izkÑfrd HkwoaQi LFkyeaMy esa gh vkrs gSaA
3- HkwoaQi osQoy izkÑfrd dkj.kksa ls gh vkrs gSaA
(a) osQoy 1 vkSj 2 (b) osQoy 2 vkSj 3
(c) osQoy 3 (d) 1] 2 vkSj 3
Consider the following statements about earthquakes and identify the correct
option.
1. Earthquake is shaking of the earth.
2. All antural earthquakes take place in the lithosphere.
3. Earthquake occur only due to natural causes.
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
34- fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lk ;qXe lgh lqesfyr ugha gS\
fl¼kar izfriknd
(a) fLFkj voLFkk gkW;y
(b) n fcx LIySV lj tsEl thal
(c) fcx cSax ,Mfou g"cy

(d) fugkfjdk ifjdYiuk ykIysl

11 XI-GEOGRAPHY

Which of the following pairs is not matched correctly?
Theory Propounder
(a) Steady state Hoyle
(b) The Big Splat Sir James Jeans
(c) Big Bang Edwin Hubble
(d) Nebular Hypothesis Laplace
35- fuEu easa ls dkSu cgqewY; /krq dk ,d izdkj ugha gS\
(a) Lo.kZ (b) pk¡nh
(c) rkez (d) IySfVue
Which one of the following is not a type of precious metal?
(a) Gold (b) Silver
(c) Copper (d) Platinum
36- fuEu esa ls dkSu egk}hih; foLFkkiu osQ i{k esa ,d izek.k ugha gS\
(a) egk}hiksa esa lkE; (b) eè; egklkxjh; dVd esa lkE;
(c) fVykbV (d) Iyslj fu{ksi
Which one of the following is not a evidence in support of continental drift?
(a) The matching of continents (b) Matching of mid-oceanic ridges
(c) Tillite (d) Placer Deposits
37- fuEu inksa dks mlosQ mfpr fooj.k osQ lkFk feyk,¡A
1- ykjsf'k;k (a) mÙkjh Hkw[kaM
2- iSafu;k (b) laiw.kZ i`Foh
3- iSaFkkyklk (c) tgk¡ IysV /¡lrh gS
4- izfo"Bu {ks=k (d) fo'kky egklkxj

(a) 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c (b) 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c
(c) 1-a, 2-b, 3-d, 4-c (d) 1-d, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b

12 XI-GEOGRAPHY

Make correct pairs from the following two columns.
1. Laurasia (a) Northern Lithosphere
2. Pangaea (b) All earth
3. Panthalassa (c) Where sinking of a plate occurs
4. Subduction Zone (d) Mega Ocean
(a) 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c (b) 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c
(c) 1-a, 2-b, 3-d, 4-c (d) 1-d, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b
38- HkwoaQih; rjaxksa dh fn'kk&fHkUurk dk vuqeku fdlosQ }kjk yxk;k tkrk gS\
(a) ijkorZu (b) HkwoaQiys[kh
(c) xq#Ro folaxfr (d) izos/u
The variations in the direction of earthquake waves are inferred by?
(a) Reflection (b) Seismograph
(c) Gravity anomaly (d) Drill
39- dkslh unh fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdldh lgk;d unh gS\
(a) fla/q (b) czãiq=k
(c) ueZnk (d) xaxk
River Kosi is a tributary of which of the following river?
(a) The Indus (b) The Brahmaputra
(c) The Narmada (d) The Ganga
40- fuEu ufn;ksa dh yEckbZ dks ?kVrs ozQe osQ vuqlkj O;ofLFkr dhft,%
1- egkunh 2- rkih
3- ueZnk 4- ywuh
(a) 3, 1, 2, 4 (b) 1, 2, 3, 4
(c) 2, 3, 1, 4 (d) 4, 1, 2, 3
Arrange the following rivers in descending order of their length:
(a) 3, 1, 2, 4 (b) 1, 2, 3, 4

(c) 2, 3, 1, 4 (d) 4, 1, 2, 3

13 XI-GEOGRAPHY

41- fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj djsa vkSj lgh fodYi pqusaA
dFku&I : nf{k.k Hkkjr dh ufn;ksa dk cgko ekulwu ½rq esa dkiQh T;knk c<+ tkrk
gSA
dFku&II : nf{k.k Hkkjr dh ufn;ksa osQ cgko dh izo`fÙk o"kkZ }kjk fu;af=kr gksrh gSA
(a) osQoy dFku&I lgh gSA
(b) nksuksa dFku lgh gS rFkk dFku II, dFku I dh lgh O;k[;k djrk gSA
(c) osQoy dFku II lgh gSA
(d) nksuksa dFku xyr gSA
Consider the following statement and choose the correct option.
Statement-I : The flow of rivers of South India increases considerably during
monsoon rains.
Statement-II : The regime of the rivers of South India is controlled by
rainfall.
(a) Only Statement I is correct.
(b) Both statements are correct and statemetn II correctly expains
statement-I.
(c) Only statement-II is correct.
(d) Both the statements are incorrect.
42- fuEu esa ls dkSu&lk ;Xe lgh lqesfyr ugha gS\
unh mn~xe
(a) ;equk ;equks=kh
(b) fla/q ifjiatky
(c) dkslh frCcr

(d) 'kkjnk feyke

14 XI-GEOGRAPHY

Which one of the follwing pairs is not matched correctly?
River Origin
(a) The Yamuna The Yamunotri
(b) The Indus Pir Panjal
(c) The Kosi Tibet
(d) The Sarda Milan
43- tks viokg izfr:i isM+ dh 'kk[kkvksa osQ vuq:i gks &
(a) vjh; (b) tkyhuqek
(c) o`{kkdkj (d) vfHkosazQnh
The drainage pattern resembling the branches of a tree -
(a) Radial (b) Trellis
(c) Dendritic (d) Centripetal
44- izk;}hih; viokg ra=k osQ laca/ esa fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lk dFku lR; ugha gS\
(a) ;g ra=k fgeky;h viokg ra=k ls iqjkuk gSA
(b) if'peh ?kkV ty foHkktd dk dk;Z djrk gSA
(c) ueZnk] rkih vkSj osQu if'pe ls iwoZ dh vksj cgrh gSA
(d) ;s ,d lqfuf'pr ekxZ ij pyrh gSA
Which of the following statement is not true regarding the Peninsular
Drainage System?
(a) It is older than the Himalayan one.
(b) The Western Ghats act as the water divide.
(c) The Narmada, Tapi and Ken flow from West to East.
(d) They flow through fixed course.
45- fuEu esa ls fdl jkT; dh lhek ckaXykns'k ls ugha yxrh gS\
(a) if'pe caxky (b) vle
(c) es?kky; (d) flfDde
Which one of the following state does not share its borer with Bangladesh?

(a) West Bengal (b) Assam
(c) Meghalaya (d) Sikkim

15 XI-GEOGRAPHY

46- {ks=kiQy osQ vk/kj ij Hkkjr dk lcls cM+k jkT; dkSu&lk gS\
(a) jktLFkku (b) mÙkj izns'k
(c) eè; izns'k (d) xqtjkr
Which is the largest state of India by area?
(a) Rajasthan (b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Madhya Pradesh (d) Gujarat
47- fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft, vkSj lgh fodYi pqfu,A
1- Hkkjr osQ lcls iwohZ o lcls if'peh Hkkxksa osQ le; esa yxHkx 2 ?kaVksa dk
varj gSA
2- mÙkj ls nf{k.k rd Hkkjr dh okLrfod nwjh 3214 fd-eh- gSA
(a) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (b) osQoy 1
(c) osQoy 2 (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
Consider the following statement and choose the correct options.
1. There is a time difference of nearly two hours between the eastern
most and the western most parts of India.
2. The North to South extremity of India is 3214 km.
(a) Both 1 and 2 (b) Only 1
(c) Only 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
48- dkWye –I dks dkWye –II ls lqesfyr dhft, vkSj fn, x, owQV dh lgk;rk ls lgh
fodYi pqfu, &
dkWye –I dkWye –II
(jkT;@osaQnz 'kkflr izns'k) (jkt/kuh)
I. rfeyukMq 1- psUubZ
II. y{k}hi o fefudk;sa 2- Hkqous'oj
III. vksfM'kk 3- dokjrh

IV. ef.kiqj 4- bEiQky

16 XI-GEOGRAPHY

owQV%
I II III IV
(a) 1 4 2 3
(b) 4 1 3 2
(c) 2 1 3 4
(d) 1 3 2 4
Match column-I with column-II and choose the correct options with the help
of given codes.
Column-I Column-II
(State/U.T.) (Capital)
I. Tamil nadu 1. Chennai
II. Lakshadweep & Mincoy 2. Bhuaneshwar
III. Orissa 3. Kavarati
IV. Manipur 4. Imphal
Codes:
I II III IV
(a) 1 4 2 3
(b) 4 1 3 2
(c) 2 1 3 4
(d) 1 3 2 4
[k.M&x (Section-C)
lzksr vk/kfjr iz'u (Source Based Questions)
iz-la- 49 ls 52 ds mÙkj nsuk vfuok;Z gSA
dk;karfjr dk vFkZ gS] ^Lo:i esa ifjorZu*A nkc] vk;ru ,oa rkieku esa ifjorZu
dh çfØ;k ds iQyLo:i bu 'kSyksa dk fuekZ.k gksrk gSA ;g 'kSysa nkc] vk;ru rFkk
rkieku (ih-oh-Vh-) esa ifjorZu ds }kjk fufeZr gksrh gSaA tc foorZfud çfØ;k ds
dkj.k 'kSysa fupys Lrj dh vksj cyiwoZd f•ld tkrh gSa] ;k tc Hkwi`"B ls mBrk]

fi?kyk gqvk eSXek Hkwi`"Bh; 'kSyksa ds laidZ esa vkrk gS] ;k tc Åijh 'kSyksa ds
dkj.k fupyh 'kSyksa ij vR;f/d nkc iM+rk gS] rc dk;karj.k gksrk gSA dk;karj.k

17 XI-GEOGRAPHY

og çfØ;k gS] ftlesa lesfdr 'kSyksa esa iqu% fØLVyhdj.k gksrk gS rFkk okLrfod
'kSyksa esa inkFkZ iqu% laxfBr gks tkrs gSaA
fcuk fdlh fo'ks"k jlk;fud ifjorZuksa ds] VwVus ,oa filus ds dkj.k
okLrfod 'kSyksa esa ;kaf=kdh O;o/ku ,oa mudk iqu% laxfBr gksuk xfr'khy
dk;karfjr dgykrk gSA Å"eh; dk;arj.k ds dkj.k 'kSyksa ds inkFkks± esa jlk;fud
ifjorZu ,oa iqu% fØLVyhdj.k gksrk gSA Å"eh; dk;karj.k ds nks çdkj gksrs gSa &
laioZQ dk;karj.k ,oa çknsf'kd dk;karj.kA laidZ :ikarj.k esa 'kSysa xeZ] Åij vkrs
gq, eSXek ,oa ykok ds laidZ esa vkrh gSa] rFkk mPp rkieku esa 'kSy ds inkFkks± dk
iqu% fØLVyhdj.k gksrk gSA vDlj 'kSyksa esa eSXek vFkok ykok ds ;ksx ls u, inkFkZ
mRiUu gksrs gSaA çknsf'kd dk;karj.k esa mPp rkieku vFkok ncko vFkok bu nksuksa
ds dkj.k 'kSyksa esa foorZfud ncko ds dkj.k foÑfr;k¡ gksrh gSa] ftlls 'kSyksa esa
iqu% fØLVyhdj.k gksrk gSA dk;karj.k dh çfØ;k esa 'kSyksa ds dqN d.k ;k •fut
lrgksa ;k js•kvksa ds :i esa O;ofLFkr gks tkrs gSaA dk;karfjr 'kSyksa esa •fut vFkok
d.kksa dh bl O;oLFkk dks i=k.k (Foliation) ;k js•kadu dgrs gSaA dHkh&dHkh
•fut ;k fofHkUu lewgksa ds d.k iryh ls eksVh lrg esa bl çdkj O;ofLFkr gksrs
gSa] fd os gYds ,oa xgjs jaxksa esa fn•kbZ nsrs gSaA dk;karfjr 'kSyksa esa ,slh lajpukvksa
dks cSafMax dgrs gSa rFkk cSafMax çnf'kZr djus okyh 'kSyksa dks cSaMsM 'kSysa dgrs gSaA
dk;karfjr gksus okyh okLrfod 'kSyksa ij gh dk;karfjr 'kSyksa ds çdkj fuHkZj djrs
gSaA dk;karfjr 'kSysa nks çeq• Hkkxksa esa oxhZÑr dh tk ldrh gSa& if=kr 'kSy vFkok
vif=kr 'kSyA ifV~Vrk'eh;] xzsukbV] lk;ukbV] LysV] f'kLV] laxejej] DokV~tZ vkfn
:ikarfjr 'kSyksa ds dqN mnkgj.k gSaA
Q.No. 49 to 52 are compulsory to attempt.
The word metamorphic means ‘change of form’. These rocks form under the
action of pressure, volume and temperature (PVT) changes. Metamorphism
occurs when rocks are forced down to lower levels by tectonic processes or
when molten magma rising through the crust comes in contact with the
crustal rocks or the underlying rocks are subjected to great amounts of
pressure by overlying rocks. Metamorphism is a process by which already

consolidated rocks undergo recrystallisation and reorganisation of materials
within original rocks.

18 XI-GEOGRAPHY

Mechanical disruption and reorganisation of the original minerals within
rocks due to breaking and crushing without any appreciable chemical
changes is called dynamic metamorphism. The materials of rocks chemically
alter and recrystallise due to thermal metamorphism. There are two types of
thermal metamorphism - contact metamorphism and regional
metamorphism. In contact metamorphism the rocks come in contact with hot
intruding magma and lava and the rock materials recrystallise under high
temperatures. Quite often new materials form out of magma or lava are
added to the rocks. In regional metamorphism, rocks undergo
recrystallisation due to deformation caused by tectonic shearing together
with high temperature or pressure or both. In the process of metamorphism
in some rocks grains or minerals get arranged in layers or lines. Such an
arrangement of minerals or grains in metamorphic rocks is called foliation or
lineation. Sometimes minerals or materials of different groups are arranged
into alternating thin to thick layers appearing in light and dark shades. Such
a structure in metamorphic rocks is called banding and rocks displaying
banding are called banded rocks. Types of metamorphic rocks depend upon
original rocks that were subjected to metamorphism. Metamorphic rocks are
classified into two major groups - foliated rocks and non-foliated rocks.
Gneissold, granite, syenite, slate, schist, marble, quartzite etc. are some
examples of metamorphic rocks.
49- fuEu esa ls] fdlosQ }kjk 'kSyksa osQ :i esa ifjorZu gksrk gS\
(a) nkc (b) vk;ru
(c) rkieku (d) mijksDr lHkh
Which one of the following changes the form of the rocks?
(a) Pressure (b) Volume
(c) Temperature (d) All of the above
50- 'kSyksa esa [kfutksa dk js[kkvksa osQ :i esa O;ofLFkr gksuk dgykrk gS\
(a) js[kkadu (b) laioZQ :ikarj.k
(c) fozQLVyhdj.k (d) cSafMx
The arrangement of minerals in the form of lines in Rocks is called?
(a) Lineation (b) Contact Metamorphism

(c) Crystallisation (d) Banding

19 XI-GEOGRAPHY

51- fuEu esa ls fdlosQ dkj.k 'kSyksa osQ inkFkks± esa jklk;fud ifjorZu ,oa iqu%
fozQLVyhdj.k gksrk gS\
(a) ?kuRo (b) mQ"eh; dk;karj.k
(c) izknsf'kd dk;karj.k (d) rkieku
Which one of the following is causes chemical charge and recrystallisation
in rocks materials?
(a) Density (b) Thermal Metamorphism
(c) Regional Metamorphism (d) Temperature
52- fuEu esa ls dkSu dk;karfjr 'kSy dk ,d mnkgj.k gS\
(a) DokVZ~t (b) laxejej
(c) f'k"V (d) mijksDr lHkh
Which one of the following is an example of Metamorphic rocks?
(a) Quartzite (b) Marble
(c) Schist (d) All of the above
Ïksr vk/kfjr iz'u
fn;s x, iz'u la[;k 53&56 esa ls fdUgha 3 iz'uksa dks gy dhft,A
Source Based Questions.
Attempt any 3 questions from the following questions 53-56.
Hkwxksy dh 'kk•k,¡
Hkwxksy vè;;u dk ,d varf'kZ{k.k (Interdisciplinary) fo"k; gSA çR;sd fo"k; dk
vè;;u dqN mikxeksa ds vuqlkj fd;k tkrk gSA bl n`f"V ls Hkwxksy ds vè;;u ds
nks çeq• mikxe gSa% (1) fo"k; oLrqxr (Øec¼) ,oa (2) çknsf'kdA fo"k;
oLrqxr Hkwxksy dk mikxe ogh gS tks lkekU; Hkwxksy dk gksrk gSA ;g mikxe ,d
teZu HkwxksyosÙkk] vysDtsaMj okWu gEcksYV (1769&1859) }kjk çofrZr fd;k x;k]
tcfd çknsf'kd Hkwxksy dk fodkl gEcksYV ds ledkyhu ,d nwljs teZu

HkwxksyosÙkk dkyZ fjVj (1779&1859) }kjk fd;k x;kA

20 XI-GEOGRAPHY

fo"k;oLrqxr mikxe esa ,d rF; dk iwjs fo'oLrj ij vè;;u fd;k tkrk gSA
rRi'pkr~ {ks=kh; Lo:i ds oxhZÑr çdkjksa dh igpku dh tkrh gSA mnkgj.kkFkZ]
;fn dksbZ çkÑfrd ouLifr ds vè;;u esa :fp j•rk gS] rks loZçFke fo'o Lrj
ij mldk vè;;u fd;k tk;sxk] fiQj çdkjkRed oxhZdj.k] tSls fo"kqorjs•h;
lnkcgkj ou] uje ydM+hokys dks.k/kjh ou vFkok ekulwuh ou bR;kfn dh
igpku] mudk foospu rFkk lhekadu djuk gksxkA çknsf'kd mikxe esa fo'o dks
fofHkUu inkuqØfed Lrj ds çns'kksa esa foHkÙkQ fd;k tkrk gS vkSj fiQj ,d fo'ks"k
çns'k esa lHkh HkkSxksfyd rF;ksa dk vè;;u fd;k tkrk gSA ;s çns'k çkÑfrd]
jktuhfrd ;k fufnZ"V (ukfer) çns'k gks ldrs gSaA ,d çns'k esa rF;ksa dk vè;;u
lexzrk ls fofo/rk esa ,drk dh •kst djrs gq, fd;k tkrk gSA }Srokn Hkwxksy dh
,d eq[; fo'ks"krk gSA bldk çkjaHk ls gh fo"k; esa çorZu gks pqdk FkkA }Srokn
(f}/k) vè;;u esa egRo fn;s tkus okys i{k ij fuHkZj djrk gSA igys fo}ku
HkkSfrd Hkwxksy ij cy nsrs FksA ijarq ckn esa Lohdkj fd;k x;k fd ekuo /jkry
dk lekdfyr Hkkx gS] og çÑfr dk vfuok;Z vax gSA mlus lkaLÑfrd fodkl ds
ekè;e ls Hkh ;ksxnku fn;k gSA bl çdkj ekuoh; fØ;kvksa ij cy nsus ds lkFk
ekuo Hkwxksy dk fodkl gqvkA
BRANCHES OF GEOGRAPHY
Geography is an interdisciplinary subject of study. The study of every
subject is done according to some approach. The major approaches to study
geography have been (i) Systematic and (ii) Regional. The systematic
geography approach is the same as that of general geography. This approach
was introduced by Alexander Von Humboldt, a German geographer (1769-
1859) while regional geography approach was developed by another German
geographer and a contemporary of Humboldt. Karl Ritter (1779-1859).
In systematic approach (Figure 1.2). a phenomenon is studied world over as
a whole, and then the identification of typologies or spatial patterns is done.
For example, if one is interested in studying natural vegetation, the study
will be done at the world level as a first step. The typologies such as
equatorial rain forests or softwood conical forests or monsoon forests, etc.
will be identified, discussed and delimited. In the regional approach, the

world is divided into regions at different hierarchical levels and then all the
geographical phenomena in a particular region are studied. These regions

21 XI-GEOGRAPHY

may be natural, political or designated region. The phenomena in a region
are studied in a holistic manner searching for unity in diversity.
Dualism is one of the main characteristics of geography which got
introduced from the very beginning. This dualism depended on the aspect
emphasised in the study. Earlier scholars laid emphasis on physical
geography. But human beings are an integral part of the earth's surface. They
are part and parcel of nature. They also have contributed through their
cultural development. Thus developed human geography with emphasis on
human activities.
53- fuEu esa ls dkSu Hkwxksy dk ,d mike ugha gS\
(a) fo"k; oLrqxr (b) izknsf'kd
(c) ozQec¼ (d) }Srokn
Which one one of the follwing is not a approach of Geography?
(a) Thematic approach (b) Regional
(c) Systematic (d) Dualism
54- fuEu esa ls dkSu ,d izÑfr dk ,d vfuok;Z vax gS\
(a) ou (b) fofo/rk
(c) ekuo (d) mijksDr lHkh
Which one of the following is an itnegral part of nature?
(a) Forest (b) Diversity
(c) Human (d) All of above
55- fuEu esa ls fdl mikxe esa ,d rF; dk iwjs fo'o Lrj ij vè;;u fd;k tkrk
gS\
(a) ozQec¼ (b) izknsf'kd
(c) {ks=kh; (d) dksbZ ugha
In which of the following appraoch a phenomenon is studied world over as a
whole?
(a) Systematic (b) Regional

(c) Areal (d) None of the above

22 XI-GEOGRAPHY

56- fuEu esa ls fdlosQ vk/kj ij izns'k dk oxhZdj.k fd;k tk ldrk gS\
(a) izkÑfrd (b) jktuhfrd
(c) fufnZ"V (d) mijksDr lHkh
On which of the following basis the region can be classified?
(a) Natural (b) Political
(c) Designated (d) All of the above
vkadM+ksa ij vk/kfjr iz'u
fn;s x;s iz'u la[;k 57&60 eas ls fdUgha rhu iz'uksa dks gy dhft,A
Data Based Questions
Attempt any 3 questions from the following questions 57-60.
unh tyxzg.k {ks=k oxZ fd-eh-
Lo.kZ js[kk 19]296
oSrj.kh 12]789
czã.kh 39]033
isauj 55]213
ikykj 17]870

River Catchment area sq.km.
Subarnarekha 19,296
Baitarni 12,789
Brahmani 39,033
Penner 55,213
Palar 17,870

57- fuEu esa ls fdl unh dk tyxzg.k {ks=k lcls cM+k gS\

(a) Lo.kZ js[kk (b) isauj
(c) czã.kh (d) ikykj

23 XI-GEOGRAPHY

Which one of the following river has the largest catchment area?
(a) Subarnarekha (b) Penner
(c) Brahmani (d) Palar
58- fuEu esa ls dkSu lk ufn;ksa osQ ?kVrs tyxzg.k {ks=k dk lgh ozQe gS\
(a) isauj] ikykj] Lo.kZ js[kk] oSrj.khA
(b) isauj] ikykj] czã.kh] oSrj.khA
(c) isauj] czã.kh] Lo.kZ js[kk] ikykjA
(d) czã.kh] isauj] Lo.kZ js[kk] ikykjA
Which one of the following is the correct sequence of decreasing in
catchment area of the following rivers.
(a) Penner, Palar, Subarnarekha, Baitarni
(b) Penner, Palar, Brahmani, Baitarni
(c) Penner, Brahmani, Subarnarekha, Palar
(d) Brahmani, Penner, Subarnarekha, Palar
59- fuEu esa ls fdl unh dk tyxzg.k {ks=k lcls NksVk gS\
(a) oSrj.kh (b) ikykj
(c) czã.kh (d) Lo.kZ js[kk
Which one of the following river has the smallest catchmemt area?
(a) Baitarni (b) Palar
(c) Brahmani (d) Subarna Rekha
60- mijksDr ufn;ksa osQ cgus dh fn'kk D;k gS\
(a) iwoZ (b) if'pe
(c) mÙkj (d) nf{k.k
What is the direction of flow of the rivers mentioned above.
(a) East (b) West
(c) North (d) South

24 XI-GEOGRAPHY