CBSE Class 12 Sample Paper 2026 Solution for Automotive

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SAMPLE
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2026

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CBSE|DEPARTMENT OF SKILL EDUCATION
AUTOMOTIVE (SUBJECT CODE-804)
MARKING SCHEME FOR CLASS XII (SESSION 2025-2026)
Max. Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 60

General Instructions:
1. Please read the instructions carefully.

2. This Question Paper consists of 24 questions in two sections–Section A & Section B.

3. Section A has Objective type questions whereas Section B contains Subjective type questions.

4. Out of the given (6+18=) 24 questions, a candidate has to answer (6+11=) 17 questions in

the allotted (maximum) time of 3 hours.

5. All questions of a particular section must be attempted in the correct order.

6. SECTIONA-OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS (30 MARKS):

i. This section has 06 questions.

ii. There is no negative marking.

iii. Do as per the instructions given.

iv. Marks allotted are mentioned against each question/part.

7. SECTIONB–SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS (30 MARKS):

i. This section contains 18 questions.

ii. A candidate has to do 11 questions.

iii. Do as per the instructions given.

iv. Marks allotted are mentioned against each question/part.

Page 1 of 10

SECTION A: OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
Q. No. Source Material Page no.
Unit/Chap.
QUESTION (NCERT/PSSCIV of source Marks
No.
E/CBSE material
Study Material)
Q.1 Answer any 4 out of the given 6 questions on Employability Skills. (1 x 4 = 4
marks)
i. (d) All of the above NCERT 1/1 2 1
ii. (a) The children NCERT 1/3 22 1
iii. (d) All of the above NCERT 2/3 38 1
iv. Ctrl+U NCERT 3/3 57 1
v. (c)Cell NCERT 3/1 43 1
vi. (b)Use air purifiers with HEPA NCERT 5/1 118 1
filters
Q.2 Answer any 5 out of the given 7 questions (1 x 5=5)
i. (c) Both a and b CBSE 1.4 8 1
ii. Garage CBSE 1.2 5 1
iii. Air pressure CBSE 1.3 8 1
iv. Amount CBSE 1.2 5 1
v. (c) Either a or b CBSE 1.3 7 1
vi. (d) All of the above. CBSE 1.5 9 1
vii. (d) 2 years CBSE 6.1.6 130 1
Q.3 Answer any 6 out of the given 7 questions (1 x 6=6)
i. (a) 0 – 2° CBSE 2.3 17 1
ii. Toe-out CBSE 2.3 17 1
iii. (c) 3° CBSE 2.3 18 1
iv. 0 to 6 mm CBSE 2.3 20 1
v. 20:1 CBSE 2.4 22 1
vi. (c) Rack and Pinion CBSE 2.4 22 1
vii. 6 months CBSE 6.1 122 1
Q.4 Answer any 5 out of the given 6 questions (1×5=5)
i. (d) Spring steel CBSE 3.2 34 1
ii. (c) Allow the leaves to slide CBSE 3.3 40 1
during the bump movement
iii. (c) Centre bolt CBSE 3.6 49 1
iv. (a) Swinging shackle CBSE 49 1
v. “nip” CBSE 3.4 41 1
vi. sprung weight CBSE 3.3 36 1
Q.5 Answer any 5 out of the given 6 questions (1×5=5)
i. (c) 20° CBSE 4.3 53 1
ii. Greater CBSE 4.4 61 1
iii. Final CBSE 4.1 61 1
iv. It is the propeller shaft that serves CBSE 4.3 53 1
to transmit the drive force
generated by the engine to the
axles.
v. camber CBSE 3.4 40 1
vi. (d) All of the above CBSE 6.2 134 1
Q.6 Answer any 5 out of the given 6 questions (1×5=5)
i. Sine CBSE 5.4 79 1
ii. Shunt-wound CBSE 5.4 80 1
iii. TIRRIL CBSE 5.4 83 1
iv. Direct Current CBSE 1
v. (d) All of the above CBSE 6.1 131 1
vi. Positive Crankcase Ventilation CBSE 6.3 143 1

Page 2 of 10

SECTION B: SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
Source
Material Page
Unit/
Q. (NCERT/ no. of
Chap.
No. QUESTIONS PSSCIVE/ source Marks
No.
CBSE Study material
Material)
Answer any 3 out of the given 5 questions in 20–30 words each (2x3=6marks)
Q.7 Motivation is derived from the word ‘motive’. Thus,
directing behavior towards certain motive or goal
is the essence of motivation. An individual’s
NCERT 2/1 24 2
motivation may come from within (intrinsic
motivation) or be inspired by others or events
(extrinsic motivation).
Q.8 “An economic process, where an idea is
generated or an opportunity is created, refined,
developed and implemented, while NCERT 4/1 79 2
being exposed to uncertainty to realise a profit by
effective utilisation of resources”.
Q.9 Attitudes of an entrepreneur:
DECISIVENESS
Ability to make quick and profitable decisions.
TAKING INITIATIVE
Ability to take charge and act in a situation
Before others.
ORGANISATIONAL SKILLS
NCERT 4/3 91 2
Ability to make the optimum use of time, energy
and resources to achieve the desired goals.
INTERPERSONAL SKILLS
Ability to work with others.
PERSEVERANCE
Ability to continue to do something, even when it
is difficult.
Q.10 The greenhouse gases are Carbon dioxide,
Methane, Nitrous oxide, ozone and
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). These are emitted
due to burning of fossil fuels, using vehicles and
refrigerants, and carrying out
Agricultural activities, etc. These gases can trap
heat from the earth and prevent it from escaping NCERT 5/2 119 2
into outer space. This causes the earth to heat,
leading to ‘global warming’. To reduce the
emission of greenhouse gases, people are
working towards reducing the use of fossil fuels
by finding less polluting energy sources, such as
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG).
Q.11 Steps to start LibreOffice Impress 2
1. First, you must ensure that LibreOffice Impress
is installed on your computer. NCERT 3/5 64
2. Type ‘LibreOffice Impress’ in the search bar of
Windows.

Page 3 of 10

3. Select LibreOffice Impress from the search
results.
4. LibreOffice Impress will open. Cancel the
‘Select a template’ dialog box.
5. A blank presentation will open.
Answer any 3 out of the given 5 questions in 20–30 words each (2x3=6marks)
Q.12 Positive-displacement compressors: Positive-
displacement compressors work by forcing air
into a chamber whose volume is decreased to
compress the air. Common types of positive
NCERT 1.1 2 2
displacement compressors are:
● Piston-type air compressors
● Rotary screw compressors
● Vane compressors
Q.13 Emissions are any kind of substance released into
the air from natural or human sources — flows of
gases, liquid droplets or solid particles. Not all
emissions become air pollutants, but many do,
causing significant health and environmental
problems. The amount of air pollutants in an area NCERT 6.3 141 2
depends on the number and size of emission
sources, along with the weather and lay of the
land.
1. Point sources
2. Area sources
Q.14 Advantages
1. The power steering system reduces the
number of turns of the steering wheel required to
move it from lock to lock.
2. Easy steering while parking, at low speeds or
tight turns. NCERT 2.6 26 2
Major Components are :
1. Pump
2. Control Valve
3. Power Cylinder
4. Fluid Reservoir
Q.15 Sprung and Un-sprung Weight:
The sprung weight refers to the weight which is
supported by the suspension springs. The weight
of the vehicle’s body, frame, engine,
transmission, interior, fuel, and passengers
constitute the sprung weight.
The un-sprung weight refers to the weight which
NCERT 3.3 36 2
is not supported by the suspension springs i.e.
Weight of the components between the springs
and road surface. The un-sprung weight includes
the weight of wheels, axles, steering linkage, and
some suspension components. It may be noted
that un-sprung weight should be kept as low as
possible to achieve a pleasant ride.

Page 4 of 10

Fig. Sprung and Un-sprung Weight
Q.16 The functions of propeller shafts are:
● To transmit torque
● To allow different drive shaft angles NCERT 4.2 53 2
● To allow changes in length
● To reduce rotary vibrations
Answer any 2 out of the given 3 questions in30–50 words each (3x2=6marks)
Q.17 When a vehicle is moving rounding a corner, the
turning radii of inner and outer wheels differ. It
may be noted that a difference also exists in the
distance travelled by the inner and outer wheels.
As both sets of wheels complete the corner in the
same period of time, it follows that their
respective speeds will also differ. The differential
is responsible for generating this difference of
speed in inner and outer
Wheels. If the left and right wheels are connected
directly without differential, turning would not be
possible unless
One of the wheels started to slip. Thus, cornering
in such a condition would be extremely difficult
and would also result in an increased amount of
tyre wear. Thus, in simple works, differential is a
mechanism by means of which outer wheel runs
faster than the inner wheels while taking a turn or
moving over upheaval road. The differential NCERT 4.5 62 3
consists of a system of gears arranged in such a
way that connects the propeller shaft with the rear
axles. The differential is a part of rear axle
housing assembly, which includes differential,
rear axles, wheel and bearings.

Fig: Principle of Differential

Page 5 of 10

Q.18 Advantages of Alternators over Dynamo:
1. For same output, the alternator is much smaller
in size as compared to a dynamo.
2. For the same current output the alternator is
lighter weight.
3. Alternator can produce more current output at
low, engine speeds, even at idling. But dynamo
can’t do that.
NCERT 5.4 88 3
4. Alternator requires lesser maintenance
5. It is more reliable
6. No cut-out unit is required in the alternator.
The maximum driving speed of the alternator is
comparatively higher (20000 rpm) than the
dynamo (9000 rpm).
7. Alternator requires a smaller size of driving
pulley as compared to dynamo.
Q.19 Catalytic Converter:
Catalytic converters provide another way to treat
the exhaust gas. These devices located in the
exhaust system, convert harmful gases into
harmless gases. Inside the catalytic converter,
the exhaust gases Passover a catalyst. A catalyst
is a material that promotes a chemical reaction
without being affected by the reaction. In effect,
the catalyst encourages chemicals to react with
each other. Converter systems with both
oxidation and reduction catalysts are called 2
stage or 3-way catalytic converter systems. The
three-way catalytic converter is the most ideal
type of catalytic converter since it can convert not
only CO and HC, but also NOX into non-polluting
substances. Some of the newest converters have
even started to use gold mixed with the more
traditional catalysts. Gold is cheaper than the
other materials and could increase Oxidation, the NCERT 6.3 145 3
chemical reaction that reduces pollutants, by up
to 40 percent.
The oxidizing converter handles HC and CO,
using platinum or palladium as the catalysts. The
air helps the oxidizing catalyst convert the HC and
CO into carbon dioxide and water. The reducing
converter handles NOX using metal rhodium. It
splits oxygen from the nitrogen. The NOX
becomes harmless nitrogen (N2) and Oxygen
(O2)

Fig: Sectional view of Catalytic Converter

Page 6 of 10

Answer any 3 out of the given 5 questions in 50–80 words each (4x3=12 marks)
Q.20 Principle :
When a conductor is placed between a U –
shaped permanent magnet and moved in the
direction as shown in the figure (a), electromotive
force (e.m.f) is induced in the conductor and an
electric current occurs in the conductor in the
direction as shown by arrow. The direction of
magnetic lines from the permanent magnet, the
direction of the movement of the conductor and
the direction of induced electric current follows the
Fleming’s right-hand rule which states that when
the thumb forefinger and middle finger of the right
hand are
Positioned right angle to each other, as shown in
the figure (b), then the thumb points the direction
of the force which moves the conductor, the
forefinger points the direction of the magnetic
lines and the middle finger indicates the direction
of induced electric current.
The principle of DC generator is further
elaborated by considering the action taking place
in two conductors moving through a magnetic field
in opposite direction, as shown in the fig.(b),
current induced will be in the opposite directions,
NCERT 5.4 78 4
as indicated there.

Fleming’s Right Hand Rule
Figure c, shows these two conductors formed into
a loop. The ends of the loop are connected to two
segments of a commutator. Two brushes have
been provided at the segments to take off the
current generated in the loop. When the loop is
rotated in the clockwise direction as shown in the
fig.(c), the current will flow through the
commutator segments, brushes and the lamp.

Fig (b) Distortion

Page 7 of 10

fig (c)Simple generator of magnetic field x`due to
movement of two conductor.
When the loop is rotated through 180°, the two
sides of the loop will change position without
affecting the direction of the current flow since the
commutator segments also change positions.

Fig (d) Conductors at various positions with
respect to magnetic field.
Fig (d) shows the three different positions a, b and
c of the coil. When the conductors are moving
parallel to the field the induced voltage in the coil
is zero and maximum when moving at right angles
to the field. The induced voltage depends upon
the rate at which the conductors cut the magnetic
lines of force. As seen from fig.(d), the conductors
at position c are moving parallel to the field and
hence them induced voltage is zero since they are
not cutting the lines of force. The induced voltage
in each conductor at any time is proportional to
sine θ, where θ is the angle between the direction
of motion and the magnetic field. Hence, the
voltage induced in the coil will follow a sine wave.
Q.21 Operation
● Straight Ahead Travel: The rolling resistances
of the two drive wheels are almost identical when
the vehicle is travelling straight ahead on a level
road. When resistance is equal in both axle
shafts, the differential pinions themselves do not
rotate but turn as a unit with the ring gear,
differential case and pinion shafts. In this case, NCERT 4.5 64 4
the differential pinions only function to connect the
right and left sun gears. As a result, the two sun
gears rotate as a unit with the revolution of the
pinion gears, causing both drive wheels to turn at
an equal rpm.
Fig. Operation of Differential while vehicle
moving on straight ahead.

Page 8 of 10

Q.22 Telescopic Shock Absorber
● Construction
This is formed by two concentric tubes, the inner
tube being the pressure cylinder and
The outer a reservoir for hydraulic fluid a piston
and a piston rod assembly work in the cylinder. A
valve assembly is fitted in the bottom of the
cylinder and abuts a cap welded to the lower end
of the reservoir. The top piston rod passes
through an oil seal in a cap welded to the top of
the reservoir. The top piston rod passes through
an oil seal in a cap welded to the top of the
reservoir tube. The top of the piston carries a
further cap to which is attached a dust cover. NCERT 3.4 45 4
Rubber bushed mounting eyes are welded to the
top and bottom caps. The piston is drilled with too
rings of holes, the outer ring controlled by a spring
loaded flap valve, the inner ring is controlled by
another flap valve backed by a support ring a
helical spring abutting a shouldered nut which
retains the piston and valves on the piston rod. In
the lower end of the pressure cylinder is the valve
assembly. The valve body has a large central hole
and a ring smaller hole. A spring-loaded
recuperation valve is fitted over the large over the
large central hole and spring discs cover the ring
of smaller holes.
Q.23 Working principle of Air Compressor :
Air compressors collect and store pressurized air
in a tank, and use pistons and valves to achieve
the appropriate pressure levels within an air
storage tank that is attached to the motorized unit.
There are a few different types of piston
compressors that can deliver even air pressures
to the user. Automotive compressors are
combustion engine compressors that use the up-
and-down stroke of the piston to allow air in and
pressurize the air within the storage tank.
NCERT 1.1 4 4
Other piston compressors utilize a diaphragm, oil-
free piston. These pull air in, and pressurize it by
not allowing air to escape during the collection
period.
These are the most common types of air
compressors that are used today by skilled
workers and craftsmen. Before the day of
motorized engines, air compressors were not
what they are today. Unable to store pressurized
air, a type of antique air compressor may be found
in the blacksmith’s foundry bellows.

Page 9 of 10

Now the air compressor is capable of building
extreme pressures in storage tanks capable of
storing enormous amounts of pressurized gases
for industrial use.

Fig: Two Stage Reciprocating Air Compressor
Q.24 Hydraulic Power Steering System: The
hydraulic power steering, as discussed above, is
the system having a hydraulic booster that
reduces the force required to operate the steering
wheel.
Components
The hydraulic power steering system consists of
the following major components, as shown in fig.

NCERT 2.6 27 4

1. Pump: It generates hydraulic pressure.
2. Control Valve: It switches the oil passage to
the power cylinder according to the rotational
direction of the steering wheel.
3. Power Cylinder: It moves the piston in the
cylinder to the right or left with hydraulic force and
thereby assists the steering wheel operation.
4. Fluid Reservoir: The power steering fluid
reservoir stores fluid and cleans it using a built-in
filter.

Page 10 of 10

Study Materials
Notes

Model Papers Class 6 Notes

Sample Papers Class 7 Notes
Half Yearly Sample Papers Class 8 Notes

Class 9 Notes
Important Resources
Class 10 Notes
Periodic Table
Class 11 Notes
Writing Skills / Formats

Maps of India / World Class 12 Notes

Books and Solutions

NCERT Books
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HC Verma Chapter Wise Solutions
RD Sharma Solutions
CGBSE Solutions