Uttarakhand Board Class 12 Sample Paper 2026 Sociology

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UBSE Sample Question Papers 2026
jksy ua-
Roll No.
2026
izfrn”kZ iz”u&i=
Sample Paper
lekt”kkL= ¼lS)kfUrd½
SOCIOLOGY (THEORY)
le; % 3 ?k.Vs ] [ iw.kkZad % 80
Time : 3 Hours] [ Max.Marks: 80
funsZ”k % (i) bl iz”u&i= esa dqy 29 iz”u gSaA lHkh iz”u vfuok;Z gSaA
Directions : There are in all 29 questions in this question paper. All questions are compulsory.
(ii) iz”uksa gsrq fu/kkZfjr vad muds lEeq[k vafdr gSAa
Marks allotted to the questions are mentioned against them.
(iii) izR;sd iz”u dks /;kuiwoZd if<+;s rFkk leqfpr mRrj nhft,A
Read each question carefully and answer to the point.
(iv) iz”u la[;k 1 cgqfodYih; iz”u gSA bl iz”u ds izR;sd [k.M ds mRrj esa pkj fodYi fn;s x, gSaA
lgh fodYi pqudj viuh mRrj iqfLrdk esa fyf[k,A iz”u la[;k 2 ls 7 rd fuf”pr mRrjh;
iz”u gSaA
Queston No.1 is multiple choice question. Four options are given in answer of each part of this
question. Four options are given in answer of each part of this question. Write correct option in your
answer book. Question No.2 to 7 are definite answer type questions.
(v) iz”u la[;k 8 ls 17 rd izR;sd dk mRrj yxHkx 40 “kCnksa esa nhft,A
Question no. 8 to 17 are to be answered in about 40 words each.
(vi) iz”u la[;k 18 ls 25 rd izR;sd dk mRrj yxHkx 100 “kCnksa esa nhft,A
Question no. 18 to 25 are to be answered in about 100 words each.
(vii) iz”u la[;k 26 ls 28 rd izR;sd dk mRrj yxHkx 250 “kCnksa esa nhft,A
Question No. 26 to 28 are to be answered in about 250 words each.
(viii) iz”u la[;k 29 dsl@lzkr
s vk/kkfjr iz”u gS ftldk mRrj funsZ”kkuqlkj nhft;sA
Question No. 29 is Case/Source based question, to be answered as directed.
(ix) bl iz”u&i= esa lexz ij dksbZ fodYi ugha gS rFkkfi dfri; iz”uksa esa vkarfjd fodYi iznku
fd;k x;k gSA ,sls iz”uksas esa dsoy ,d fodYi dk gh mRrj nhft,A
There is no overall choice is this question paper, however, an internal choice has been provided in
few questions. Attempt only one of the given choices in such questions.

[1]

1- ¼d½ Lora= Hkkjr dh izFke tux.kuk fdl o’kZ gqbZ\ 1
(i) 1951 (ii) 1952
(iii) 1953 (iv) 1954
In which year was the census of independent India conducted?
(i) 1951 (ii) 1952
(iii) 1953 (iv) 1954
¼[k½ o.kZ fdrus izdkj ds gksrs gSa\ 1
(i) ,d (ii) nks
(iii) rhu (iv) pkj
How many types of Varnas?
(i) One (ii) Two
(iii) Three (iv) Four
¼x½ dkSu lh tkfr izcy tkfr ugha gS\ 1
(i) tkV (ii) oksDdkfyxkl
(iii) jsM~Mh (iv) /kksch
Which caste is not a dominant caste?
(i) Jat (ii) Vakkaligas
(iii) Reddi (iv) Dhobi
¼?k½ [knku ,DV dc ikfjr fd;k x;k\ 1
(i) 1952 (ii) 1953
(iii) 1954 (iv) 1955
When was the Mines Act passed?
(i) 1952 (ii) 1953
(iii) 1954 (iv) 1955
¼³½ tkfr O;oLFkk esa ifjorZu dk izeq[k dkj.k D;k gS\ 1
(i) vkS|ksxhdj.k (ii) oS”ohdj.k
(iii) f”k{kk dk izlkj (iv) mijksDr lHkh
What is the main cause of change in the Caste system?
(i) Industrialisation (ii) Globalisation
(iii) Spread of education (iv) All of these
¼p½ if”pehdj.k dk vFkZ D;k gS\ 1
(i) Hkkjrh; ijEijkvksa dk NksM+uk (ii) if”peh thou “kSyh vkSj ewY;ksa dk viukuk

(iii) vkfFkZd vlekurk (iv) lkaLd`frd la?k’kZ
What is the meaning of westernisation?
(i) Leaving Indian tradition (ii) Adopting western lifestyle and values
(iii) Economic inequality (iv) Cultural conflict
[2]

¼N½ ;fn fdlh xk¡o esa mPp tkfr ds yksx fuEu tkfr ds yksxksa dks lkekftd vk;kstuksa esa “kkfey ugha djrs gSa]
rks ;g fuEu esa ls fdldk mnkgj.k gS\ 1
(i) vkfFkZd fo’kerk (ii) lkekftd cfg’dkj
(iii) jktuhfrd vlekurk (iv) lkaLd`frd ifjorZu
If the upper caste people in a village do not include the lower caste people in social events, then this is an
example of which of the following?
(i) Economic inequality (ii) Social exclusion
(iii) Political inequality (iv) Cultural change
¼t½ vkS|ksfxd lekt eas uokpkj ds fy, ;qokvksa dks izfs jr djus dk lokZRs re rjhdk D;k gS\ 1
(i) f”k{kk] izf”k{k.k vkSj LVkVZ&vi QafMx miyC/k djkuk
(ii) ;qokvksa ij dsoy ukSdjh ds fy, ncko Mkyuk
(iii) ;qokvksa dh jpukRed lksp dks vuns[kk djuk
(iv) buesa esa ls dksbZ ugha
What is the best way to motivate young people for innovation in an industrial society?
(i) Providing education, training and start-up funding
(ii) Pressuring the youth only for jobs.
(iii) Ignoring the creative thinking of youth
(iv) None of these
funsZ”k % iz”u la- 1 ds vxys [k.M esa nks dFkuksa dk vfHkdFku (A) rFkk dkj.k (R) ds :i esa fpfUgr fd;k x;k gSA
fuEufyf[kr fodYiksa (i)] (ii)] (iii)] rFkk (iv) esa ls pqudj budk lgh mRrj nhft,A
Direction: In next parts of question No. 1, there are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). From
the following options (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), select their correct answer.
(i) A rFkk R nksuksa lgh gSa rFkk R, A dh lgh O;k[;k djrk gSA
Both A and R, are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
(ii) A rFkk R nksuksa lgh gSa rFkk R, A dh lgh O;k[;k ugha djrk gSA
Both A and R, are correct and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(iii) A lgh gS ijUrq R xyr gSA
A is correct but R is incorrect.
(iii) A rFkk R nksuksa xyr gSA
Both A and R is incorrect.
¼>½ vfHkdFku (A) % gfjr dzkafr ls Hkkjr esa d`f’k mRiknu esa o`f) gqbZ gSA
dkj.k (R) % gfjr dzkafr us vk/kqfud rduhd mPp mRiknd chtksa vkSj flpkbaZ ds lk/kuksa dk iz;ksx
c<+k;kA 1

Assertion (A) : The green revolution had led to an increase in agriculture production in India.
Reason (R) : The green revolution increased the use of modern technology high, yielding seeds and
irrigation facilities.

[3]

¼¥½ vfHkdFku (A) % vkS|ksxhdj.k ls uxjhdj.k gqvkA
dkj.k (R) % m|ksx eq[;r% xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa LFkkfir gksrs gSaA 1
Assertion (A) : Idustralisation led to urbanisation.
Reason (R) : Industries are mainly established in rural areas.
2- tkfr ds vk/kkj ij HksnHkko dks D;k dgrs gSa\ 1
What is discrimination on the basis of caste called?
3- laLd`frdj.k dh izfdz;k esa dkSu lk oxZ mPp tkfr;ksa dh thou”kSyh dks viukrk gS\ 1
Which social group adopt the lifestyle of the upper casts in the process of Sanskritisation?
4- ifjokj vkSj laca/kks dh vo/kkj.kk vk/kqfud lekt esa dSls fodflr gks jgh gS\ 1
How is the concept of family and relationship evolving in modern society?
5- jkstxkj ds iSVuZ esa vkS|ksxhdj.k ls D;k cnyko vk;k\ 1
What changes did industrialisation bring in the pattern of employment?
6- xzkeh.k fodkl ;kstukvksa ds lekt ij izHkko dk ,d Li’V mnkgj.k nhft,\ 1
Give a clear example of the impact of rural development schemes on society?
7- Hkkjr esa tula[;k o`f) nj dks fu;af=r djus ds fy, dkSu lk ljdkjh dk;Zdze viuk;k x;k gS\ 1
Which government program has been adopted to control the population growth rate in India?
8- izcy tkfr fdls dgrs gSa\ 2
What is called a dominant caste?
9- vkS|ksxhdj.k dh nks fo”ks’krk,a fy[ksAa 2
Write the two features of industrialization
10- vkS|ksxhdj.k us xzkeh.k tkfr O;oLFkk dks dSls izHkkfor fd;k\ 2
How did industrialisation affect the rural caste system?
11- ljdkj dh uhfr;ka vU; fiNM+k oxZ (OBC) ds mRFkku dks dSls izHkkfor djrh gSa\ 2
How do government policies affect the upliftment of Other Backward Classes (OBC)?
12- vkS|ksxhdj.k vkSj uxjhdj.k lkFk gksus okyh izfdz;k,a D;ksa dgykrh gSa\ 2
Why industrialisation and urbanisation said to be simultaneous process?
13- ikfjokfjd lajpuk esa vk;s ifjorZuksa dks fdlh mnkgj.k ls Li’V dhft,A 2
Explain the changes in family structure with an example.
14- vkfFkZd vlekurk dk izHkko lekt ij dSls iM+rk gS\ 2
How does economic inequality affect society?
15- if”pehdj.k dh izfdz;k us Hkkjrh; lkekftd lajpuk esa D;k cnyko fd;s\ 2
What changes did the process of westernisation bring about in the Indian social structure?

16- mnkjhdj.k us Hkkjr esa vks|kSfxd Jfedksa dks dSls izHkkfor fd;k\ 2
How did liberalisation affect industrial workers in India?
17- nfyr vkanksyu ds eq[; mn~n”s ; D;k Fks\ 2
What were the main objectives of the Dalit movement?
[4]

18- Hkkjrh; lekt esa ifjokj ds fofo/k :i D;k gSa\ 3
What are the different forms of family in the Indian society?
19- 19oha vkSj 20oha “krkCnh ds izkjEHk esa gq, lekt lq/kkj vkanksyuksa ds D;k dkj.k Fks\ 3
What are the causes of the social reform movements of the early 19th and 20th centuries.
20- Hkkjr esa lkaiznkf;drk ds izeq[k y{k.k D;k gSa\ 3
What are the main features of communalism in India?
21- mnkjhdj.k us jkstxkj ds izfrekuksa dks fdl izdkj izHkkfor fd;k\ 3
How did liberalisation affect employment patterns?
22- tkfr vk/kkfjr vkanksyuksa us Hkkjr esa lkekftd U;k; esa dSls ;ksxnku fn;k gS\ le>kb;sA 3
How have cast based movements contributed to social justice in India? Explain.
23- Hkkjr esa fyaxkuqikr vlarqyu ls mRiUu lkekftd leL;kvksa dk mnkgj.k lfgr fo”ys’k.k dhft,A 3
Analyse the social problems arising out of sex ratio imbalance in India with examples.
vFkok@OR
Hkkjr dh tula[;k uhfr ¼1952&2022½ dh izHkko”khyrk dk fo”ys’k.k dhft,A
Analyse the effectiveness of Idia’s population policy (1952-2022).
24- lapkj ek/;eksa us fnO;kax O;fDr;ksa ds izfr lekt dh /kkj.kk cnyus esa fdl izdkj ;ksxnku fn;k gS\ 3
How has the media contributed to changing society’s perception for persons with disabilities?
25- vkS|ksxhdj.k vkSj uxjhdj.k us lekt dh lajpuk dks dSls cnyk\ bldk ewY;kadu djsaA 3
How did industrialisation and urbanisation change the structure of society? Evaluate it.
26- ekYFkl fl)kar ds vuqlkj tula[;k vkSj [kk| mRiknu dk laca/k D;k gS\ 5
What is the relationship between population and food production according to Malthus’s theory?
vFkok@OR
Hkkjr esa tula[;k o`f) ds D;k dkj.k gSa\ Li’V dhft,A
What are the reasons for population growth in India? Explain.
27- ikfjfLFkfrdh; vkanksyu ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\ fpidks vkanksyu dk mnkgj.k nsdj O;k[;k dhft,A 5
What do you understand by ecological movement? Explain it by giving the example of Chipko movement.
vFkok@OR
tutkrh; vkanksyu ds dkj.k] mnkgj.k vkSj izHkko dks Li’V dhft,A
Explain the causes, examples and effects of tribal movements.
28- mnkjhdj.k dk xzkeh.k fodkl ij D;k izHkko iM+k\ lfoLrkj le>kb,A 5
What impact did liberalisation have on rural development? Explain in detail.
vFkok@OR

^^Hkwfe lq/kkj dk;Zdzeksa us xzkeh.k lkekftd lajpuk dks izHkkfor djus esa egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku fn;k gS**A bldk
lfoLrkj o.kZu djsaA
“Land reform programmes have made significant contributions in influencing the rural social structure”. Describe
it in detail.

[5]

29- Hkkjr esa {ks=okn dh tM+as Hkkjr dh Hkk"kkvksa] laL—fr;ksa] tutkfr;ksa vkSj /keksZa dh fofo/krk esa gSaA bls fof'k"V {ks=ksa
esa bu igpku fpàksa ds HkkSxksfyd ladasæ.k us Hkh c<+kok fn;k vkSj {ks=h; oapuk dh Hkkouk us bls cy fn;kA
Hkkjrh; la?kokn bu {ks=h; Hkkoukvksa dks lek;ksftr djus dk ,d lk/ku jgk gSA Lora=rk ds ckn] vkjaHk es]a
Hkkjrh; jkT; us fczfV'k&Hkkjrh; O;oLFkk dks tkjh j[kk] ftlds rgr Hkkjr dks cM+s çkarksa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k]
ftUgsa ^çsflMsalh* Hkh dgk tkrk gSA ¼eækl] c‚Ecs vkSj dydÙkk rhu çeq[k çsflMsl a h Fkha] la;ksx ls] ftu rhuksa
'kgjksa ds uke ij bu çsflMsfa l;ksa dk uke j[kk x;k Fkk] mUgksua s gky gh esa vius uke cny fy, gSa½A ;s cM+]s
cgqtkrh; vkSj cgqHkk"kh çkarh; jkT; Fks] tks Hkkjr la?k uked ,d v/kZ&la?kh; jkT; dh çeq[k
jktuhfrd&ç'kklfud bdkb;k¡ cukrs FksA
Regionalism in India is rooted in India’s diversity of languages, cultures, tribes, and religions. It is also encouraged
by the geographical concentration of these identity markers in particular regions and fuelled by a sense of regional
deprivation. Indian federalism has been a means of accommodating these regional sentiments. After Independence,
initially, the Indian state continued with the British-Indian arrangement dividing India into large provinces, also
called ‘presidencies’. (Madras, Bombay, and Calcutta were the three major presidencies; incidentally, all three
cities after which the presidencies were named have changed their names recently). These were large multi-ethnic
and multilingual provincial states constituting the major political-administrative units of a semi-federal state called
the union of India.
¼d½ Hkkjr esa {ks=okn dh tM+as fdu rRoksas esa ik;h tkrh gSa\ 2
In which elements are the roots of regionalism found in India?
¼[k½ Lora=rk ds ckn Hkkjr dks fdu cM+s izkUrksa esa ckaVk x;k\ 1
India was divided into which major provinces after independence?
¼x½ {ks=okn dks cy nsus esa HkkSxksfyd ladUs nz.k dh D;k Hkwfedk jgh\ 2
What role has geographical concentration played in strengthening regionalism?

[6]

vkn”kZ ç”u i= ¼2025&26½
d{kk& 12
lekt”kkL= ¼lS)kafrd½
le;% 3 ?kaVs iw.kkZad%80

funsZ”k% (i) bl ç”u&i= esa dqy 29 ç”u gSaA lHkh ç”u vfuok;Z gSAa

Directions: There are in all 29 questions in this questions in this question paper.All questions are

compulsory.
(ii) ç”uksa gsrq fu/kkZfjr vad muds lEeq[k vafdr gSAa
Marks alloted to the questions are mentioned against them

(iii) çR;sd ç”u dks /;kuiwoZd if<+, rFkk lEeqfpr mRrj nhft;sA
Read each question carefully and answer to the point.

(iv) ç”u la[;k 1 cgqfodYih; ç”u gSA bl ç”u ds çR;sd [kaM ds mRrj esa pkj fodYi fn, x, gSAa
lgh fodYi pqudj viuh mRrjiqfLrdk esa fyf[k,A ç”u la[;k 2 ls 7 rd fuf”pr mRrjh; ç”u gSaA
Question No.1 is multiple choice question.Four options are given in answer of each part of this
question.Write correct option in your answer book.Question No. 2 to 7 are definite answer type questions.

(v) ç”u la[;k 8 ls 17 rd çR;sd dk mRrj yxHkx 40 “kCnksa esa nhft;sA
Question No. 8 to 17 are to be answered in about 40 words each

(vi) ç”u la[;k 18 ls 25 rd çR;sd dk mRrj yxHkx 100 “kCnksa esa nhft;sA
Question No. 18 to 25 are to be answered in about 100 words each.

(vii) ç”u la[;k 26 ls 28 rd çR;sd dk mRrj yxHkx 250 “kCnksa esa nhft;sA
Question No. 26 to 28 are to be answered in about 250 words each

(viii) ç”u la[;k 29 dsl@lzkrs vk/kkfjr ç”u gSA ftldk mRrj funsZ”kkuqlkj nhft;sA
Question No. 29 is Case/Source based question, to be answered as directed.

(ix) bl ç”u esa lexz ij dksbZ fodYi ugha gS rFkkfi dfri; ç”uksa esa vkarfjd fodYi çnku fd;k
x;k gSA ,sls ç”uksa esa dsoy ,d fodYi dk gh mRrj nhft;sA

There is no overall choice in this question paper,however,an internal choice has been provided in few
questions.Attempt only one of the given choices in such questions.

cgqfodYih; ç”u&
¼d½ 1911 ls 1921 ds chp tula[;k o`f) nj fdl dkj.k _.kkRed jgh& 1

(i) vdky (ii) bU¶yq,t
a k egkekjh

(iii)ifjokj fu;kstu (iv) ljdkjh uhfr;ka
The population growth rate between 1911 and 1921 was negative due to-

(i) Famine (ii) Influenza pandemic

(iii) Family planning (iv)Government policies

¼[k½ tkfr O;oLFkk dh eq[; fo”ks’krk D;k gS& 1

(i) lkekftd xfr”khyrk (ii) tUe vk/kkfjr oxhZdj.k

(iii)O;olk; dh Lora=rk (iv) tkfr;ksa ds chp lekurk
What is the main feature of the caste system?

(i)Social mobility (ii)Birth based qualification

(iii)Freedom of business (iv) Equality among castes

¼x½ fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu lk ifjokj ds fo?kVu dk çeq[k dkj.k gS& 1

(i) “kgjhdj.k vkSj vk/kqfudhdj.k (ii) mPp ikfjokfjd ,drk

(iii)lkekftd ijEijkvksa dk ikyu (iv) ihf<+;ksa ds chp lkSgknZ
Which of the following is the main cause of family disintegration?

(i) Urbanisation and modernisation (ii) High family unity

(iii) Observance of social traditions (iv)Harmonybetween generations

¼?k½ fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu lh çtkfr ugha gS& 1

(i) uhxzks (ii) çksVks vkL=ks ykW;M

(iii);kno (iv) eaxksy
Which of the following is not a a species?

(i) Negro (ii) Proto Asto Lloyd

(ii) Yadav (iv) Mongol

¼M½ dyk] foKku] rduhd] n”kZu vkfn esa gksus okys ifjorZuksa dks D;k dgk tkrk gSA& 1

(i) lkekftd ifjorZu (ii) lkaLd`frd ifjorZu

(iii)QS”ku lEcU/kh ifjorZu (iv) vkSipkfjd ifjorZu
What are the changes taking place in art, science, technology, Philosophy etc.called?

(i) Social change (ii)Cultural change

(iii) Fashion related changes (iv) Formal change

¼p½ lafonk [ksrh çkjEHk gqbZ gS& 1

(i) fdlkuksa esa tkxzfr ds ifj.kkeLo:i

(ii) HkweM
a yhdj.k dh uhfr ds ifj.kkeLo:i

(iii)gfjr Økafr ds ifj.kkeLo:i

(iv) rduhd fodkl ds ifj.kkeLo:i
Contract farming has started in-

(i) As a result of awakening among the farmers

(ii) As a result of the policy of globalization

(iii) As a result of the Green Revolution

(iv) As a result of technological development

¼N½ bafM;kt foystsl iqLrd ds ys[kd dkSu gSa& 1

(i) th0 ,l ?kq;Zs (ii) ,We ,Wu Jhfuokl

(iii),Wl lh nqcs (iv) ;ksxsUæ flag
Who is the author of the book ‘India’s Villages’?

(i) G S Ghurye (ii) M.N.Srinivas

(iii) S C Dubey (iv) Yogendra Singh

¼t½ jkstxkj ds lUnHkZ esa vkSipkfjd {ks= dks vukSipkfjd {ks= ls D;k vyx djrk gS& 1

(i) fu;fer osru vkSj dkuwuh laj{k.k

(ii) lHkh Jfedksa ds fy, mPp osru

(iii)dk;Z ds ?kaVks ij dksbZ çfrcU/k ugha

(iv) vf/kd jkstxkj ds volj
What differentiates the formal sector from the informal sector interms of employment?

(i) Regular salary and legal protection (ii)Higher wages for all workers

(iii) No restrictions on working hours (iv) More employment opportunities

funsZ”k% izJ la[;k &1 ds vxys nks [kaMks es]a nks dFkuksa dks vfHkdFku¼A½rFkk dkj.k¼R½ds :i esa fpfUgr
fd;k x;k gS fuEufyf[kr fodYiksa ¼i½]¼ii½]¼iii½rFkk¼iv½] esa ls pqudj budk lgh mÙkj nhft;sA
Direction:In next two parts of Question No.-1,there are two statements labelled as Assertion(A) and
Reason(R).From the following options (i),(ii),(iii) and (iv), select their correct answer.

¼i½ A rFkk R nksuks lgh gSa rFkk R] A dh lgh O;k[;k djrk gSA
Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

¼ii½ A rFkk R nksuks lgh gSa ijUrq R ]A dh lgh O;k[;k ugh djrk gSA
Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

¼iii½ A lgh gS ijUrq R xyr gSA
A is correct but R is incorrect

¼iv½ A rFkk R nksuks xyr gSAa
Both A and R are incorrect.

¼>½ vfHkdFku ¼A½% vlaxfBr {ks=
+ ks esa dke djus dh fLFkfr vDlj [kjkc gksrh gSA

dkj.k ¼R½% vlaxfBr Jfedksa dks dkuwuh laj{k.k vkSj fuf”pr osru ugha feyrkA 1
Assertion (A):Working conditions in the unorganised sectors are often poor.

Reason(R) :Unorganised workers do not get legal protection and fixed wages.

¼´½vfHkdFku¼A½%Hkkjr esa tkfr O;oLFkk lkekftd vlekurk dks c<kok nsrh gS
D;ksafd ;g lkekftd xfr”khyrk ds voljksa dks lhfer djrh gSA

dkj.k ¼R½% tkfr o;oLFkk ,d dBksj lkekftd iz.kkyh gS tks tUe ds vk/kkj ij fdlh O;fDr dh
fLFkfr dks fu/kkZfjr djrh gSA 1
Assertion(A):The caste system in India promotes social inequality as it limits opportunities for

social mobility.

Reason(R):Caste system is a rigid social system that determines the status of a person based on

birth.

2- Hkkjrh; ljdkj us xzkeh.k bykdks esa Hkw[k vkSj Hkq[kejh dh leL;k lek/kku ds fy, 2005 esa dkSu lk
vf/kfu;e cuk;k \ 1
Which act was enacted by the Indian Government in 2005 to solve the problem of hunger and

starvation in rural areas?

3- Hkkjrh; lekt”kkL= esa izcy tkfr ladYiuk fdlus nh \ 1
Who gave the concept of dominant caste in Indian sociology?

4- fdl fo}ku us tkfr dks jktuhfr dk dSl
a j dgk gS \ 1
Which scholar has called caste the Cancer of politics?

5- laLd`frdj.k dh izfd;k Hkkjrh; tkfr ,oa tutkfr;ksa nksuksa esa ik;h tkrh gSAa ;g dFku lR; gS
vFkok vlR;\ 1
The process of Sanskritization is found among both Indian castes and tribes.Is this statement true

or false?

6- Hkkjr esa d`f’k mRikndrk dks mYys[kuh; :i ls c<kok nsus okyh Økafr dkSu lh Fkh \ 1
Which revolution significantly boosted agricultural productivity in India?

7- Hkkjr dk eSupsLVj fdldks dgk tkrk gS \ 1
Who is called the Manchester of India?

8- ifjokj dks ukxfjdrk dk izf”k{k.k LFky D;ksa ekuk tkrk gS\ 2
Why is the family considered a training ground for citizenship?

9- tkfr ,d can oxZ gS] foospuk dhft;sA 2
‘Caste is a closed class’,discuss.

10- Lora=rk izkfIr ds ckn fL=;ksa dh fLFkfr esa D;k ifjorZu vk,\ 2
What changes came in the status of women after independence?

11- Hkkjr esa ySfa xd HksnHkko ds D;k dkj.k gSa \ 2
What are the reasons for gender discrimination in India?

12- ukxfjd lekt ls vki D;k dkj.k gSa \ 2
What do you understand by civil society?

13-mifuos”kdky esa gq, nks lajpukRed ifjorZu crkb;sA 2
Mention two structural changes that took place during the colonial period

14- Hkkjr ds dqN {ks=ksa esa Hkwfe lq/kkj lQy D;ksa gq, tcfd vU; {ks=ksa esa vlQy jgsa \ 2
Why were land reforms successful in some areas of India while they failed in others? 2

15- vkS|ksxhdj.k fdl izdkj lekurk ,oa vlekurk ykrk gS \ 2
How does industrialization bring equality and inequality?

16- Hkwfexr [kkuksa esa dk;Z djus okys dkexkjksa dks fdl izdkj ds [krjksa rFkk tksf[keksa dk lkeuk djuk
iMrk gS\ 2
What types of hazards and risks do workers working in underground mines face?

17- Hkkjr esa tutkrh; vkanksyu ds izeq[k dkj.k crkb;sA 2
State the main causes of tribal movement in India

18- lkekftd lajpuk esa gksus okys ifjorZu ikfjokfjd lajpuk esa D;k cnyko Mkyrs gSa \ 3
What changes in the social structure bring about in the family structure?

19- tula[;k o`f)
+ D;ksa ,d leL;k gSa \ 3
Why is population growth a problem?

20- vkt tkfr vkSj vkfFkZd vlekurk ds chp D;k lEcU/k gS \ 3
What is the relationship between caste and economic inequality today?

21- fofHkUurk esa ,drk dks Hkkjrh; laLd`fr dh ize[q k fo”ks’krk D;ksa ekuk x;k gSa \ 3
Why is unity in diversity considered the main feature of Indian culture?

22- c<rs gq, uxjhdj.k dk Hkkjrh; lekt ij D;k izHkko iMk \ 3
What impact did increasing urbanization have on Indian society?

23- iaFkfuisZ{khdj.k dh izfd;k us gekjh tkfr dks fdl rjg izHkkfor fd;k \ 3
How did the process of secularization affect our caste?

vFkok
vk/kqfudhdj.k dks ,d cgqi{kh; izfØ;k D;ksa ekuk tkrk gSa \
Why is modernization considered a multilateral process?

24-mnkjhdj.k us jkstxkj ds izfrekuksa dks fdl rjg izHkkfor fd;k gS \ 3
How has liberalization affected employment patterns?

vFkok
mnkgj.k }kjk crkb;s fd e”khusa fdl rjg dkexkjksa ds fy, leL;k iSnk djrh gSa \
Explain with examples how machines create problems for workers?

25- oS”ohdj.k us Hkjr esa lkekftd vkanksyuksa dks dSls izHkkfor fd;k gS\ 3
How has globalization influenced social movements in India?

26- tulkaf[;dh laØe.k ds fl)kar ds cqfu;knh rdZ dks Li’V dhft;s A laØe.k vof/k tula[;k
fcLQksV ds lkFk D;ksa tqMh gS \ 5
Explain the basic logic of the theory of demographic transition.Why is the term associated with
population explosion’?

vFkok
tula[;k dh vk;q lajpuk dk D;k vFkZ gS \ vkfFkZd fodkl vkSj le`f) ds fy, mldh D;k
izklafxdrk gSa \
What is the meaning of the age structure of a population?What is its relevance for economic

growth and prosperity?

27- gfjr Øakfr us d`f’k mRikndrk dks c<+k;k] ysfdu lkFk gh lkekftd vlekurkvksa dks Hkh c<+k;kA
crkb;sA 5
The Green Revolution increased agricultural productivity,but also increased social inequalities.Explain.

vFkok
d`f’k ladV vkSj _.kxzLrrk us Hkkjr esa fdlkuksa dh vkRegR;k ds ekeyksa dks dSls c<+k;k\ bl leL;k
ds lek/kku ds fy, lq>ko nsA
How have agrarian distress and indebtedness led to a rise in farmer suicides in India? Suggest solutions to
this problem.

28- lkekftd vkanksyu D;k gS\ ;s lkekftd ifjorZu esa dSls ;ksxnku nsrs gSa\ 5
What is social movement?How do they contribute to social change?

vFkok
Hkkjr esa i;kZoj.k vkanksyu dk egRo D;k gS\ mUgksaus uhfr fuekZ.k dks dSls çHkkfor fd;k gS\
What is the significance of the environmental movement in India?How has it influenced policy
making?

29- fuEufyf[kr vuPqNsn dks /;kuiwoZd i<+dj blds uhps fn, x, ç”uksa ds mRrj nhft;s&
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below-

fofo/krk “kCn vlekurkvksa ds ctk, vUrjksa ij cy nsrk gS tc ge ;g dgrs gSa fd Hkkjr ,d egku
laLd`fr fofo/krk okyk jk’Vª gS rks gekjk rkRi;Z gksrk gS fd ;gkWa vusd çdkj ds lkekftd lewg ,oa
leqnk; fuokl djrs gSaA ;g leqnk; lkaLd`frd fpUgksa tSls Hkk’kk] /keZ] iaFk] çtkfr ;k tkfr }kjk
ifjHkkf’kr fd;s tkrs gSaA tc ;g fofo/k leqnk; Hkh fdlh cM+s lRo tSls ,d jk’Vª dk Hkkx gksrs gSa rc
muds chp çfrLi/kkZ ds dkj.k dfBukbZ mRiUu dj ldrs gSaA
The word diversity emphasizes differences rather than inequalities. When we say that India is a nation
with great cultural diversity, we mean that it is home to a wide variety of social groups and communities.
These communities are defined by cultural markers such as language ,religion, sect, race, or caste. these
diverse communities are part of a larger entity such as a nation, competition or conflict between them can
create difficulties.

¼d½ lkaLd`frd fofo/krk D;k gS\ 1

What is cultural diversity?

¼[k½ Hkkjr dks lkaLd`frd fofo/krk okyk ns”k D;ksa ekuk tkrk gS\ 2
Why is India considered a country with cultural diversity?

¼x½ fofHkUu leqnk;k ds chp çfrLi/kkZ ;k la?k’kZ dk dkj.k d;k gS\ 2
What is the reason for competition or conflict between different communities?

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