HBSE Class 11 Sample Paper 2026 Answers Economics

MARKING SCHEME
ECONOMICS (576)
SAMPLE PAPER
CLASS XI SESSION 2025-26

TIME : 3 HRS M.M :80

Q. EXPECTED ANSWER/ VALUE POINTS MA
NO RKS
.

1. D 1
2. C 1
3. A 1
4. C 1
5. C 1
6. D 1
7. Width of Bar 1
8. Median 1
9. Tabulation 1
10 A 1
.
11
. Primary Data Secondary Data

Primary data are those that are Secondary data refer to those data that have
collected for the first time. already been collected by some other person.
1

These are original because these are These are not original because someone else
collected by the investigator for the first has collected these for his own purpose. 1
time.
These are more reliable and suitable These are less reliable and less suitable as
for the enquiry because these are someone else has collected the data which
collected for a particular purpose. may not perfectly match our purpose. 1
Collecting primary data is quite Secondary data requires less time and
expensive both in the terms of time and money; hence it is economical.
money.

12 Mean = sum of data / no. of data
. Mean = (55+67+43+82+73)/5
= 320/5 =64
1.5
Median = arrange the data in ascending or descending order
= 43,55,67,73,82
Median = (N+1)/2
= (5+1)/2
= 3rd term 1.5
= 67
OR
Properties of A.M. are given below:-

1. Sum of deviations from the mean is always zero, 1

2. Sum of squared deviations from the mean is minimized. 1
3. it's affected by changes in scale or origin.
1
13
. Limitations of Statistics-
(a) Statistics deal with aggregates facts.
1
(b) Statistics deals only with numeric characteristics.
1
(c) Statistical results are true only on an average.
1
(d) Statistics is only one of the methods of studying a problem.
1
(e) Statistics can be misused.
Explain any four points.

14
.

1
1
1
1

OR
Qualities of a good questionnaire.
1
1. Limited number of questions: The number of questions should be limited as far as possible.
Normally fifteen to twenty questions are sufficient enough for making the required enquiry.

2. Simplicity: The language of the questions should be simple and easily understandable. It 1
should be clear and not vague. It should not convey two meanings.
1
3. Logically arranged: The questions should be arranged logically. There should be a proper
sequence of the questions.

4. Related to the points: Questions should be related to the point. They should not be 1
irrelevant.

5. Avoiding personal questions: Personal questions should be avoided as far as possible.

15
. Goods p0 q0 p1 q1 p0q0 p1q0 p1q1 p0q1

A 5 50 7 60 250 350 420 300

B 6 15 8 10 90 120 80 60

C 8 8 11 12 64 88 132 96

D 7 20 10 15 140 200 150 105

544 758 782 561
2

Σ𝑝1𝑞0 Σ𝑝1𝑞1
Fisher Ideal Index = √(Σ𝑝0𝑞0 ) × √(Σ𝑝0𝑞1 ) ×100
1
758 782
=√(544) × √(561) ×100
= √1.9423 ×100
=139.37
1

OR
Components of a Table:-

1. Table number
2. title
0.5
3.head note 0.5
4.Stubs 0.5
5.Caption 0.5
6.Body 0.5
7.Foot notes 0.5
8. Source
0.5
0.5
Explain above points.

16
. X F CF

0-10 10 10

10-20 f1 10+f1

20-30 25 35+f1

30-40 30 65+f1

40-50 f2 65+f1+f2

50-60 10 75+f1+f2
1

Given N=100 and Median =30

75+f1+f2= 100
f1+f2 = 25 ………………..(1) 2
𝑁
( −𝑐𝑓)
2
Median = 𝑙1 + ×𝑖
𝑓
(50−35−𝑓1)
30 = 30 + × 10
30
(50−35−𝑓1)
30-30 = × 10
30
0 = 15- f1 2
15 = f1

Putting f1= 25 we get
f2 = 25-15
f2= 10 1
OR

M F X Cf FM
1 2 0.5-1.5 2 2
2 4 1.5-2.5 6 8
3 6 f0 2.5-3.5 12 cf 18
4 8 f1 3.5-4.5 20 32
5 6 f2 4.5-5.5 26 30
6 4 5.5-6.5 30 24
7 2 6.5-7.5 32(N) 14
2
ΣF =32 128

Mean = ΣFM / Σ F
1
=128/32
=4
𝑁
( −𝑐𝑓)
Median = 𝑙1 + 2 𝑓 ×𝑖

(16−12)
= 3.5 + ×1 1.5
8

= 3.5+0.5= 4

(𝑓1−𝑓0)
Mode = 𝑙1 + 2𝑓1−𝑓0−𝑓2 × 𝑖

(8−6)
= 3.5 + 2(8)−6−6 × 1
1.5
= 3.5+0.5 = 4

17 Primary Data- Primary data means original data that has been collected specially for the
purpose in mind. It means someone collected the data from the original source first hand.
. Data collected this way is called primary data.
1
Direct Personal Investigation-
In direct personal investigation, the investigator obtains the first-hand information from the
respondents themselves. He personally visits the respondents to collect the data. 1
Merits of Direct Personal Investigation-
1. The data collected by this method are original in nature.
2. The data collected by this method are accurate as investigator collects them
personally.
3. The data collected by this method are reliable.
4. The data collected by this method are uniform.

Demerits of Direct Personal Investigation-
2
1. It is very much difficult to cover wide area by this method.
2. In this method personal bias is very much possible, which can make our result
misleading.
3. This method is very much costly.
2

OR

X Y R1 R2 D D2

12 26 6 7 -1 1
10 20 3.5 3 0.5 0.25

8 24 1 6 -5 25
10 20 3.5 3 0.5 0.25

11 18 5 1 4 16

9 22 2 5 -3 9

15 20 7 3 4 16

ΣD= 0 ΣD 2=
67.50
4

6(𝛴D2 + 1/12(𝑚31 − 𝑚1 ) + 1/12(𝑚3 2 − 𝑚2 ) 1
rk = 1 −
N3 − N

6(67.5+1/12(23 −2 )+1/12(33−3 )
rk = 1 −
73 −7

6(67.5+.5+2)
rk = 1-
343−7

rk = 1-420/336

rk = 1-1.25 1

rk = -0.25

SECTION - B
18 A 1
19 A 1
20 B 1
21 C 1
22 D 1
23 A 1
24 fiscal 1

25 Disguised Unemployment 1
26 Liberlisation 1
27 A 1
28
Sustainable development-
Sustainable development is that process of development which meets the needs
of present generation without reducing the ability of future generation to meet
their own needs. 1
Main Features-
1. Long-term increase in real per capita income and economic welfare.
2. Thoughtful use of natural resources. 1
3. There should be no reduction in the ability of future generations to
satisfy their needs.
4. Reduction in pollution.
1

OR

Functions of environment:-
(i) Environment supplies resource (both renewable and nonrenewable resources) for
production.
1
(ii) Environment assimilates waste,
1
(iii) Environment sustains life.
1
(iv) Environment enhances quality of life.

29 Reasons behind China became successful to control population growth rate in compare to
India.

1.One-Child Policy
 2. Family planning services: 1
1
 In 3.centives and disincentives:
1
4. Promoting later marriage and longer birth intervals:

30 Causes of the backwardness of Indian economy-
1
1. India was treated as a colony supplier for raw martial to the British industry
1
2. India was used as a market for British products.
3. A destructive approach was used towards the Indian handicraft. 1
4. unfair land revenue policy was used by the British 1

Explain above and 1 mark for each.

OR
Main features of Indian economy-
1. Agro based economy 1
2. Low production and productivity agriculture 1
3. Limited commercialization of agriculture 1
4. Illiteracy 1
5. Lack of basic industry
6. Poor infrastructure
7. Downfall of cottage and small scale industries

Explain any four and 1 mark for each.

31 The failure of Green Revolution in India are :-
1. cover limiter area 1
2. cover limited crops
3. need irrigation Facility
1
4. Increased Input Costs: 1
5. Environmental Degradation: 1

OR

Organic farming is a sustainable farming system that maintains the long-term sustainability of
1
the land and uses limited resources to produce high-quality and nutritious food products.
Benefits of organic farming-
1. Organic farmers do not use synthetic chemicals.
2. Secondary metabolites found in higher amounts in organic crops which are helpful in 1
fighting disease such as cancer. 1
3. In organic farming, more nutrients are found in the soil. 1
4. The fertility of organic soil increases with time.

32
Main factors responsible for unemployment-
1. Rapid increase in population
1
2. Slow economic growth
3. Joint family system. 1
4. Decline of cottage and small scale industries. 1
5. Low mobility of workers. 1
6. Defective education system.
Explain any four and 1 mark for each.

33 Economic Reforms-
. The economic policy formulated by the Government of India in 1991 to get the country out of
the economic crisis and to speed up the pace of development is called economic reform.

These reforms are also called the New Economic Policy or LPG.
1
Need for economic reforms-
1. Increase in Fiscal Deficit
2. Rising Unfavorable Balance of Payments 1
3. Gulf Crisis 1
4. Decrease in foreign exchange reserves 1
5. Increase in prices 1
6. Poor performance of public sector enterprise 1
Explain any five and 1 mark for each.

OR
Meaning of liberalization:-
The freedom from direct or physical controls imposed by the government is called liberalisation.
Before 1991, the government had imposed many types of restrictions on the industries, due to1
which the progress of the country was getting hampered. Freedom from these restrictions is
called liberalisation.

Liberalization measures- 1
1. Abolition of licenses 1
2. Liberalization the MRTP Act 1
3. Freedom for expansion and production 1
4. Increase in investment limit of small scale industries
1
5. Freedom to import capital goods
6. Free determination of interest rate
7. Tax reforms
Explain any five and 1 mark for each.

34 The main challenges of rural development are given below:
. 1.5
 Agricultural Credit

 Agricultural Marketing 1.5

 Agricultural Diversification 1.5
 Organic Farming 1.5
Explains above four points in details and each carry 1.5 marks

OR
The primary issues in human capital formation in India are

 Rising Population:
 Insufficient Resources:
 High Poverty Levels:
 Brain Drain: 1
1
 Inadequate Manpower Planning:
1
 Low Academic Standards: 1
 Regional and Gender Inequality: 1
 Insufficient On-the-Job Training: 1
 Lack of Investment in Skills Development:
 Health and Nutrition:

Explain any six points